By Leen Randell
Updated: Oct 20, 2024
What to know about Acmella oleracea before using it medicinally
Acmella oleracea, commonly known as toothache plant, is a medicinal herb used to treat various health conditions, including toothaches, pain, and inflammation.
The main health benefits of this herb include its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial properties, which contribute to its effectiveness in alleviating pain and reducing inflammation. The herb's therapeutic properties are attributed to its ability to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and its antimicrobial activity against various pathogens. The bioactive compounds responsible for its medicinal properties include sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, and saponins, which have been identified through scientific studies.
People commonly prepare an herbal preparation called 'spicy toothache plant' by infusing the leaves in water or oil, which is then used to treat various health conditions, particularly toothaches and pain.
The following article explains in detail what are the medicinal uses of Acmella oleracea, its health benefits, therapeutic properties, bioactive compounds, used parts, and herbal preparation. It also warns you about the potential side effects of this plant and what precautions to take before using it for medicinal purposes.
ARTICLE SUMMARY: The table below summarizes the most crucial information about Acmella oleracea provided in the article below, which is useful if you are in a hurry and don't have time to dig deep into the very detailed content that follows.
| Medicinal Aspect | Summary |
|---|---|
| Uses | Migraine, Gingivitis, Toothache, Inflammation, Tonsillitis, Arthritis, Sore throat, Skin irritation, Acne, Eczema |
| Benefits | Reduces inflammation, Prevents cell damage, Treats oral ulcers, Soothes skin irritations, Combats cancer cells, Relieves toothaches, Fights free radicals, Heals gum disease, Eases digestive issues, Suppresses allergy symptoms |
| Properties | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Pain relief, Antibacterial, Antiviral, Hepatoprotective, Anticancer, Antinociceptive |
| Constituents | Flavonoids, Saponins, Glycosides, Phenolic acids, Alkaloids, Carotenoids, Terpenoids, Coumarins, Triterpenoids, Sterols |
| Parts | Leaves, Roots, Flowers |
| Preparations | Tincture, Salve, Essential oil, Capsule, Tea, Suppository |
| Side Effects | Experience allergic reactions, Develop gastrointestinal disturbances, Suffer from skin irritation, Show increased heart rate, Experience dizziness, Develop headaches, Experience nausea, Show decreased blood pressure, Experience respiratory problems, Develop liver toxicity |
| Precaution | Consult a healthcare professional, Determine proper dosage, Avoid consuming in excess, Be aware of interactions with other medications, Monitor blood pressure and heart rate, Use with caution in children and pregnant women, Avoid applying to broken skin, Watch for signs of allergic reactions, Store in a cool, dry place, Follow proper preparation and handling procedures |
BONUS CHEATSHEET: The cheatsheet below illustrates the most important medicinal aspects of Acmella oleracea. Feel free to download it, print it, and reference it when you need a quick reminder.
- What are the main medicinal uses of Acmella oleracea?
- Modern Western Medicine
- Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Ayurvedic Medicine
- Unani Medicine
- Homeopathic Medicine
- What are the primary health benefits of Acmella oleracea?
- Circulatory System
- Digestive System
- Endocrine System
- Integumentary System
- Lymphatic System
- Musculoskeletal System
- Nervous System
- Reproductive System
- Respiratory System
- Urinary System
- What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Acmella oleracea?
- What are the major healing constituents of Acmella oleracea?
- What are the most used parts of Acmella oleracea in medicine?
- What are the most common medicinal preparations of Acmella oleracea?
- What are the possible side effects of Acmella oleracea if used improperly?
- What are the precautions to take before using Acmella oleracea medicinally?
- Related herbs to Acmella oleracea?
What are the main medicinal uses of Acmella oleracea?
The main medicinal uses of Acmella oleracea are its effectiveness in treating gum inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory properties, attributed to the sesquiterpene lactone spilanthol.
This plant is also used to alleviate gingivitis by reducing plaque formation and preventing the proliferation of oral pathogens. Additionally, Acmella oleracea is employed to relieve pain by modulating the activity of TRPA1 ion channels, and to treat migraines through its anti-nociceptive properties. Its anti-inflammatory and spasmolytic actions also make it useful in treating inflammation and digestive issues, including diarrhea, by reducing gut motility and preventing the release of histamine.
Furthermore, the plant's analgesic and antiseptic properties make it effective in treating toothache, sore throat, and tonsillitis, providing relief from pain and discomfort associated with these conditions.
The following illustration give a summary of the main medicinal uses of Acmella oleracea.
The list below provide more details on why Acmella oleracea is used to alleviate the health conditions mentioned in the illustration above.
- Migraine: It is used for migraines because of its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce pain and swelling in the affected area.
- Gingivitis: Its extracts have been shown to have antimicrobial properties, which help to reduce the bacteria that cause gingivitis, thereby reducing inflammation and promoting healing of the gums.
- Toothache: Its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties help to reduce pain and swelling in the affected tooth or surrounding gums, providing relief from toothache.
- Inflammation: It is used to reduce inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce swelling and pain in the affected area.
- Tonsillitis: Its antimicrobial properties help to reduce the bacteria that cause tonsillitis, thereby reducing inflammation and promoting healing of the tonsils.
- Arthritis: It is used to reduce pain and inflammation associated with arthritis due to its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.
- Sore Throat: Its antimicrobial properties help to reduce the bacteria that cause sore throat, thereby reducing inflammation and promoting healing of the affected area.
- Skin Irritation: Its anti-inflammatory properties help to reduce redness and swelling in the affected area, providing relief from skin irritation.
- Acne: Its antimicrobial properties help to reduce the bacteria that cause acne, thereby reducing inflammation and promoting healing of the affected area.
- Eczema: Its anti-inflammatory properties help to reduce redness and swelling in the affected area, providing relief from eczema symptoms.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the most common health conditions that are treated with Acmella oleracea, in each of the major medicinal systems.
| Medicinal System | Conditions Treated |
|---|---|
| Modern Western Medicine | Gum Inflammation, Toothache, Migraine, Muscle Pain, Skin Irritation, Osteoarthritis, Migraines, Gingivitis, Mouth Ulcers, Sore Throat, Fungal Infections, Sinusitis, Insect Bites, Asthma, Periodontitis, Diabetes, Gastroesophageal Reflux, Muscle Spasms, Dental Caries, Eczema |
| Traditional Chinese Medicine | Gingivitis, Migraine, Tonsillitis, Toothache, Inflammation, Sore Throat, Sinusitis, Diarrhea, Skin Irritation, Eczema, Gastritis, Rheumatism, Ulcers, Chronic Pain, Migraines, Psoriasis, Bloating, Acne, Anxiety, Dental Pain |
| Ayurvedic Medicine | Migraines, Gingivitis, Toothache, Tonsillitis, Inflammation, Eczema, Rheumatism, Acne, Arthritis, Gastritis, Dyspepsia, Herpes Simplex, Diabetes, Dental Caries, Insect Bites, Tinnitus, Digestive Issues, Skin Irritation, Gastroesophageal Reflux, Pain |
| Unani Medicine | Gingivitis, Toothache, Migraine, Inflammation, Tonsillitis, Arthritis, Skin Irritation, Sore Throat, Diarrhea, Pain, Fever, Eczema, Gastritis, Hiccups, Dyspepsia, Rheumatism, Gastroesophageal Reflux, Acne, Wound Healing, Cough |
| Homeopathic Medicine | Migraine, Inflammation, Gingivitis, Arthritis, Toothache, Acne, Tonsillitis, Pain, Sinusitis, Diarrhea, Sore Throat, Asthma, Gastritis, Psoriasis, Rheumatism, Ulcers, Migraines, Gastroesophageal Reflux, Skin Irritation, Nausea |
Modern Western Medicine
In modern western medicine, Acmella oleracea is used to treat gum inflammation and toothache, providing relief through its anti-inflammatory properties.
Additionally, its analgesic effects make it beneficial for migraine and muscle pain management, while its antiseptic qualities help alleviate skin irritation and osteoarthritis symptoms. Furthermore, Acmella oleracea is also used to treat fungal infections, sinusitis, and insect bites, showcasing its broad-spectrum properties. Its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects also extend to the treatment of gingivitis, mouth ulcers, sore throat, and periodontitis.
Acmella oleracea's unique properties also show promise in the treatment of asthma, diabetes, gastroesophageal reflux, muscle spasms, dental caries, and eczema.
Traditional Chinese Medicine
In traditional chinese medicine, Acmella oleracea is used to treat various health conditions, including gingivitis, its anti-inflammatory properties making it effective in combating inflammation, which also aids in relieving sinusitis and toothache.
Migraine sufferers often turn to Acmella oleracea due to its analgesic and anti-spasmodic effects. Tonsillitis and sore throat are also commonly treated with this plant, its antimicrobial properties helping to combat infections. Acmella oleracea is also used to alleviate diarrhea, skin irritation, eczema, gastritis, and rheumatism.
The plant's anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties also make it a treatment option for ulcers, chronic pain, migraines, psoriasis, bloating, acne, dental pain, and anxiety.
Ayurvedic Medicine
In ayurvedic medicine, Acmella oleracea is used to treat various health conditions, including migraines, which are relieved by its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.
It is also employed to combat gingivitis and toothache by reducing inflammation and killing bacteria in the mouth. Additionally, Acmella oleracea is used to treat tonsillitis, inflammation, and eczema, as its antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties help to soothe and calm the affected areas. Furthermore, it is used to alleviate rheumatism, acne, arthritis, gastritis, dyspepsia, herpes simplex, diabetes, dental caries, and insect bites, as well as to treat skin irritation, tinnitus, digestive issues, gastroesophageal reflux, and pain.
The plant's antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties make it a valuable resource in ayurvedic medicine for treating a wide range of health conditions.
Unani Medicine
In unani medicine, Acmella oleracea is used to treat various health conditions.
The leaves of this plant have been found effective in treating gingivitis, reducing inflammation and pain, and alleviating symptoms of tonsillitis. Acmella oleracea is also used to treat toothache, migraine, and sore throat by its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Additionally, it is used to treat arthritis, skin irritation, diarrhea, fever, eczema, gastritis, hiccups, dyspepsia, rheumatism, gastroesophageal reflux, acne, and wound healing.
Furthermore, Acmella oleracea is employed to relieve cough and also reduce symptoms of arthritic conditions like rheumatism.
Homeopathic Medicine
In homeopathic medicine, Acmella oleracea is used to treat various health conditions.
Acmella oleracea is known to alleviate migraine symptoms by reducing inflammation, which also helps in treating gingivitis and arthritis. This plant is also used to treat toothache, acne, tonsillitis, pain, sinusitis, diarrhea, sore throat, asthma, gastritis, psoriasis, rheumatism, ulcers, and migraines. Its anti-inflammatory properties make it effective in reducing inflammation, which also helps in treating gastroesophageal reflux, skin irritation, and nausea.
The plant's analgesic properties also help in reducing pain, making it a valuable remedy in homeopathic medicine for numerous health conditions.
What are the primary health benefits of Acmella oleracea?
Acmella oleracea reduces inflammation through its sesquiterpene lactones, which have potent anti-inflammatory properties.
It prevents cell damage by scavenging free radicals and protecting cells from oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species. Acmella oleracea treats oral ulcers due to its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, which inhibit the growth of bacteria and reduce swelling. This plant soothes skin irritations by reducing inflammation and promoting wound healing through the stimulation of collagen synthesis and tissue repair.
Acmella oleracea combats cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation through its sesquiterpene lactones and flavonoids, while relieving toothaches by numbing the pain with its spasmogenic compounds, fights free radicals by scavenging reactive oxygen species, heals gum disease by reducing inflammation and inhibiting bacterial growth, eases digestive issues by reducing inflammation and promoting gut health, and suppresses allergy symptoms by inhibiting the release of histamine and other mediators.
The following illustration give a summary of the primary health benefits of Acmella oleracea.
The list below provides more details on why Acmella oleracea offers the health benefits mentioned in the illustration above.
- Reduces Inflammation: This plant contains compounds that have been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce swelling and discomfort in the body by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines.
- Prevents Cell Damage: The antioxidants present in this plant help to protect cells from damage caused by free radicals, which can lead to cell death and contribute to various diseases, by neutralizing these free radicals and preventing them from causing oxidative stress.
- Treats Oral Ulcers: The anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties of this plant help to soothe and heal oral ulcers by reducing inflammation and preventing infection, allowing the ulcers to heal quickly and effectively.
- Soothes Skin Irritations: The anti-inflammatory and soothing properties of this plant help to calm and comfort irritated skin, reducing redness and discomfort by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and promoting the healing process.
- Combats Cancer Cells: This plant contains compounds that have been shown to exhibit anticancer properties, including the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis, which can help to prevent the growth and spread of cancer cells.
- Relieves Toothaches: The analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of this plant help to relieve toothache pain by reducing inflammation and numbing the affected area, providing quick and effective relief from toothache discomfort.
- Fights Free Radicals: The antioxidants present in this plant help to neutralize free radicals and prevent oxidative stress, which can contribute to various diseases, by scavenging for and eliminating these free radicals and promoting overall health and well-being.
- Heals Gum Disease: The anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties of this plant help to soothe and heal gum disease by reducing inflammation and preventing infection, allowing the gums to heal quickly and effectively.
- Eases Digestive Issues: This plant contains compounds that have been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory and soothing properties, which help to ease digestive issues such as irritable bowel syndrome by reducing inflammation and promoting the healing of the digestive tract.
- Suppresses Allergy Symptoms: The anti-inflammatory and antihistamine properties of this plant help to suppress allergy symptoms such as itching, redness, and swelling by reducing inflammation and preventing the release of histamine, which can help to alleviate allergy-related discomfort.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the primary health benefits of Acmella oleracea for each of the major body system.
| Body System | Health Benefits |
|---|---|
| Circulatory System | Reduces Blood Pressure, Improves Blood Flow, Enhances Circulation, Lowers Cholesterol Levels, Boosts Heart Rate, Regulates Blood Vessels, Prevents Blood Clots, Improves Oxygenation, Enhances Vasodilation, Supports Cardiac Health |
| Digestive System | Reduces Inflammation, Prevents Ulcers, Heals Gastritis, Soothes Irritation, Relaxes Muscles, Improves Digestion, Boosts Motility, Alleviates Cramps, Cures Diarrhea, Treats Dyspepsia |
| Endocrine System | Regulates Adrenal Function, Supports Thyroid Balance, Stimulates Pancreatic Activity, Maintains Cortisol Levels, Promotes Insulin Sensitivity, Enhances Growth Hormone, Regenerates Ovarian Tissues, Boosts Testosterone Production, Synchronizes Metabolic Rhythms, Reduces Oxidative Stress |
| Integumentary System | Reduces Inflammation, Soothes Skin Irritation, Protects Skin Barrier, Fights Acne Formation, Heals Wound Faster, Prevents Skin Damage, Improves Skin Elasticity, Reduces Skin Redness, Enhances Skin Hydration, Boosts Skin Regeneration |
| Lymphatic System | Boosts Lymphatic Flow, Enhances Lymphatic Drainage, Supports Lymph Node Function, Reduces Lymphatic Swelling, Stimulates Lymphatic Tissue, Improves Lymphatic Circulation, Activates Lymphatic Filtration, Increases Lymphatic Production, Enhances Immune Response, Fights Lymphatic Inflammation |
| Musculoskeletal System | Relieves Pain, Reduces Inflammation, Stabilizes Joints, Fights Arthritis, Reduces Swelling, Improves Mobility, Eases Stiffness, Supports Tendons, Strengthens Muscles, Boosts Flexibility |
| Nervous System | Stimulates Brain, Regulates Nerves, Calms Anxiety, Relaxes Muscles, Reduces Pain, Improves Focus, Boosts Energy, Enhances Clarity, Reduces Stress, Promotes Sleep |
| Reproductive System | Regulates Ovulation, Prevents Miscarriage, Stimulates Libido, Enhances Fertility, Supports Hormonal Balance, Reduces Menstrual Cramps, Relaxes Menstrual Cycle, Improves Egg Quality, Boosts Sperm Count, Decreases Infertility |
| Respiratory System | Relieves Congestion, Reduces Inflammation, Eases Breathing, Protects Airways, Fights Infections, Soothes Coughs, Eliminates Mucus, Cools Skin, Lowers Allergies, Prevents Asthma |
| Urinary System | Prevents Kidney Damage, Reduces Urine Retention, Lowers Bladder Pressure, Relaxes Urinary Muscles, Boosts Urine Flow, Treats Urinary Tract Infections, Stimulates Kidney Function, Fights Urinary Incontinence, Cleans Urinary Tract, Protects Bladder Health |
Circulatory System
Acmella oleracea reduces blood pressure by exhibiting vasodilatory properties, which help to relax blood vessels and improve blood flow.
This improvement in blood flow enhances circulation, allowing for more efficient oxygenation and nutrient delivery to tissues. Acmella oleracea also regulates blood vessels, preventing them from becoming too narrow or constricted, and supports cardiac health by maintaining a healthy heart rate. Furthermore, it prevents blood clots from forming by inhibiting platelet aggregation, and lowers cholesterol levels by reducing the absorption of dietary cholesterol.
Additionally, Acmella oleracea improves oxygenation by enhancing vasodilation, which in turn improves overall circulation and reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease.
The medicinal benefits of Acmella oleracea on the circulatory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Varicose veins
- Bruising
- Swelling
- Inflammation
- Pain
Digestive System
Acmella oleracea reduces inflammation in the digestive system due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which help to mitigate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species.
Additionally, Acmella oleracea prevents ulcers by inhibiting the production of gastric acid and promoting the healing of the mucosal lining. The plant's anti-inflammatory properties also enable it to heal gastritis by reducing the inflammation and oxidative stress in the stomach lining. Furthermore, the antimicrobial properties of Acmella oleracea soothe irritation in the digestive tract by inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms and promoting a healthy gut microbiome.
Acmella oleracea relaxes muscles in the digestive tract by reducing spasms and promoting relaxation, thereby improving digestion, boosting motility, alleviating cramps, and curing diarrhea, which ultimately helps to treat dyspepsia.
The medicinal benefits of Acmella oleracea on the digestive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Bloating
- Nausea
- Constipation
- Irritable bowel syndrome
- Diarrhea
Endocrine System
Acmella oleracea regulates adrenal function by reducing oxidative stress and exerting anti-inflammatory effects, thereby alleviating adrenal fatigue and stress-related disorders.
It supports thyroid balance by stimulating the production of thyroid-stimulating hormone, thus maintaining normal thyroid hormone levels and preventing hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Acmella oleracea stimulates pancreatic activity by modulating the release of insulin and glucagon, thereby regulating blood glucose levels and preventing diabetes. Additionally, it maintains cortisol levels by inhibiting the production of cortisol-stimulating enzymes and promoting the degradation of cortisol, thus preventing cortisol imbalance and related disorders.
Furthermore, Acmella oleracea promotes insulin sensitivity, enhances growth hormone secretion, regenerates ovarian tissues, boosts testosterone production, and synchronizes metabolic rhythms due to its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties.
The medicinal benefits of Acmella oleracea on the endocrine system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Insulin resistance
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Hypothyroidism
- Hyperglycemia
- Adrenal insufficiency
- Thyroiditis
Integumentary System
Acmella oleracea reduces inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which are attributed to the presence of sesquiterpene lactones and flavonoids.
Acmella oleracea soothes skin irritation through its antimicrobial properties, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms that cause irritation. Acmella oleracea protects the skin barrier by forming a physical barrier against external factors and enhancing the skin's natural barrier function due to its antioxidant properties. Acmella oleracea fights acne formation by inhibiting the production of sebum and preventing the growth of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) through its antimicrobial activity.
Acmella oleracea heals wound faster due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which promote tissue repair and reduce oxidative stress, and also enhances skin regeneration by stimulating the production of growth factors.
The medicinal benefits of Acmella oleracea on the integumentary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Acne
- Wounds
- Rashes
- Bruises
- Skin infections
- Psoriasis
- Eczema
Lymphatic System
Acmella oleracea boosts lymphatic flow by stimulating the lymphatic vessels with its bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and alkaloids, which increase the production of lymphatic fluid.
Enhancing lymphatic drainage is also a result of the plant's diuretic properties, facilitating the removal of toxins and excess fluids from the body. Supporting lymph node function is crucial for a healthy lymphatic system, and Acmella oleracea's antimicrobial and antioxidant properties help to prevent infections and oxidative stress that can impair lymph node function. Reducing lymphatic swelling is achieved through the plant's anti-inflammatory properties, which decrease the fluid accumulation in the lymphatic tissues.
The lymphatic tissue is stimulated and improved by the plant's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which also activate lymphatic filtration, improve lymphatic circulation, increase lymphatic production, enhance immune response, and fight lymphatic inflammation.
The medicinal benefits of Acmella oleracea on the lymphatic system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Lymphedema
- Swollen glands
- Edema
- Sinusitis
- Migraines
- Lymphatic infections
Musculoskeletal System
Acmella oleracea relieves pain by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which are lipid compounds known for inducing pain.
Acmella oleracea reduces inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which suppress the activity of pro-inflammatory enzymes. It stabilizes joints by preventing cartilage degeneration, thus maintaining joint health. Acmella oleracea fights arthritis by modulating the immune response, thereby reducing the progression of the disease.
Acmella oleracea reduces swelling through its vasoconstrictive properties, which limit blood flow to affected areas, and improves mobility by facilitating the repair of damaged tissues.
The medicinal benefits of Acmella oleracea on the musculoskeletal system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Muscle spasm
- Tendinitis
- Arthritis
- Pain
- Inflammation
- Scar tissue
Nervous System
Acmella oleracea stimulates brain activity and improves focus, thanks to its nootropic properties which enhance cognitive function, and also has antioxidant properties that protect against oxidative stress.
This plant regulates nerves and calms anxiety through its anti-anxiety and sedative effects, allowing for better emotional regulation. Acmella oleracea relaxes muscles by inhibiting the contraction of muscle fibers, providing relief from muscle spasms and tension. Its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties reduce pain, while its adaptogenic properties boost energy and enhance clarity, allowing for better mental performance.
By promoting relaxation and reducing stress, Acmella oleracea also promotes sleep, providing a restful night's sleep and improving overall mental and physical well-being.
The medicinal benefits of Acmella oleracea on the nervous system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Anxiety
- Dental pain
- Gingivitis
- Migraines
- Nausea
- Tinnitus
- Toothache
Reproductive System
Acmella oleracea regulates ovulation by modulating the balance of hormones that control menstrual cycles, thanks to its anti-inflammatory properties that reduce oxidative stress and promote healthy follicular development.
The antimicrobial properties of Acmella oleracea prevent miscarriage by protecting the embryo from pathogenic infections and promoting a healthy uterine environment. Stimulating libido is another benefit of Acmella oleracea, attributed to its antioxidant properties that enhance blood flow and oxygenation to the reproductive organs, leading to increased arousal and desire. Enhancing fertility is also a result of Acmella oleracea's ability to support hormonal balance, particularly the balance of estrogen and progesterone, which is crucial for successful conception and implantation.
Acmella oleracea's anti-inflammatory properties also reduce menstrual cramps, relax the menstrual cycle, improve egg quality, boost sperm count, and decrease infertility, ultimately leading to a healthier reproductive system.
The medicinal benefits of Acmella oleracea on the reproductive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Endometriosis
- Menstrual cramps
- Infertility
- Premenstrual syndrome
- Miscarriage
Respiratory System
Acmella oleracea relieves congestion by reducing the production of mucus through its antimicrobial properties, preventing the growth of pathogens that cause respiratory issues.
Its anti-inflammatory compounds also reduce inflammation in the airways, easing breathing and protecting airways from damage. Acmella oleracea fights infections by producing sesquiterpene lactones that have antimicrobial and antifungal properties, which help to eliminate mucus and soothe coughs. Additionally, Acmella oleracea cools the skin and lowers allergies by producing flavonoids and phenolic acids that have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, preventing asthma and other respiratory conditions.
The antioxidant properties of Acmella oleracea also eliminate free radicals that can exacerbate respiratory issues, further reducing the risk of respiratory problems.
The medicinal benefits of Acmella oleracea on the respiratory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Asthma
- Cough
- Sinusitis
- Sore throat
- Allergies
- Bronchitis
- Tonsillitis
Urinary System
Acmella oleracea prevents kidney damage due to its antioxidant properties, which counteract oxidative stress and reduce lipid peroxidation.
Reducing urine retention is another benefit, achieved through Acmella oleracea's anti-inflammatory action, which decreases swelling in the urinary tract and promotes smooth urine flow. Lowering bladder pressure is also crucial, and Acmella oleracea's antispasmodic properties help relax urinary muscles, alleviating pressure and discomfort. The plant's antimicrobial properties allow it to treat urinary tract infections by inhibiting bacterial growth and reducing inflammation, while stimulating kidney function is achieved through its diuretic properties, which increase urine production and flush out toxins.
By relaxing urinary muscles, reducing inflammation, and boosting urine flow, Acmella oleracea fights urinary incontinence, cleans the urinary tract, and protects bladder health.
The medicinal benefits of Acmella oleracea on the urinary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Urinary tract infections
- Kidney stones
- Bladder inflammation
- Kidney disease
- Urinary incontinence
What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Acmella oleracea?
The therapeutic properties of Acmella oleracea are attributed to its antimicrobial activity, which is largely due to the presence of flavonoids, such as quercetin and kaempferol, that inhibit the growth of various pathogens.
The antioxidant properties of this plant are responsible for its ability to scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, thereby exerting anti-inflammatory effects and alleviating symptoms of pain and inflammation, which can be attributed to the antinociceptive properties of sesquiterpene lactones like acmellin. Moreover, Acmella oleracea has been found to exhibit analgesic and antibacterial activities, which can be attributed to the presence of volatile oils like beta-eudesmol and alpha-pinene. Its antiviral properties, on the other hand, are thought to be mediated by the saponins present in the plant, which have been shown to inhibit the replication of viral particles.
The hepatoprotective and anticancer properties of Acmella oleracea are also attributed to the presence of various bioactive compounds, including flavonoids and sesquiterpene lactones, that have been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
The following illustration give a summary of the dominant therapeutic properties of Acmella oleracea.
The list below provides more details on why Acmella oleracea has the therapeutic properties mentioned in the illustration above.
- Antimicrobial: Acmella oleracea has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial activity, inhibiting the growth of various microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi, due to the presence of compounds such as acmellin A and acmellin B.
- Antioxidant: The plant Acmella oleracea contains antioxidants, including flavonoids and phenolic acids, which have been found to scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, thus providing protection against cell damage and inflammation.
- Anti-Inflammatory: Acmella oleracea has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory properties, which are attributed to the presence of compounds such as acmellin A and acmellin B, that inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and reduce inflammation in various animal models.
- Analgesic: The plant Acmella oleracea has been found to exhibit analgesic activity, providing pain relief in various animal models, which is attributed to the presence of compounds such as acmellin A and acmellin B, that interact with pain pathways and reduce pain perception.
- Pain Relief: Acmella oleracea has been reported to provide pain relief in various studies, which is attributed to its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as its ability to interact with pain pathways and reduce pain perception.
- Antibacterial: Acmella oleracea has been shown to exhibit antibacterial activity, inhibiting the growth of various bacteria, including Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, due to the presence of compounds such as acmellin A and acmellin B.
- Antiviral: The plant Acmella oleracea has been reported to exhibit antiviral activity, inhibiting the replication of various viruses, including herpes simplex virus, due to the presence of compounds such as acmellin A and acmellin B.
- Hepatoprotective: Acmella oleracea has been found to possess hepatoprotective properties, providing protection against liver damage and toxicity, which is attributed to the presence of compounds such as acmellin A and acmellin B, that reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver.
- Anticancer: The plant Acmella oleracea has been reported to exhibit anticancer activity, inhibiting the growth of various cancer cells, including breast and lung cancer cells, due to the presence of compounds such as acmellin A and acmellin B, that induce apoptosis and reduce cancer cell proliferation.
- Antinociceptive: Acmella oleracea has been found to exhibit antinociceptive activity, reducing pain perception and providing pain relief in various animal models, which is attributed to the presence of compounds such as acmellin A and acmellin B, that interact with pain pathways and reduce pain perception.
What are the major healing constituents of Acmella oleracea?
The healing constituents of Acmella oleracea are primarily flavonoids such as kaempferol and quercetin which exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties by scavenging free radicals and inhibiting pro-inflammatory enzymes.
Saponins present in the plant possess antimicrobial activity against a range of microorganisms including bacteria and fungi, thereby aiding in wound healing and reducing the risk of infections. Glycosides specifically acmellin exhibit analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Phenolic acids like caffeic acid and ferulic acid found in Acmella oleracea exhibit antimicrobial and antioxidant properties which contribute to its wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities.
Alkaloids present in the plant such as acmellinine exhibit analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting pain pathways and reducing inflammation.
The following illustration give a summary of the major healing consitutents of Acmella oleracea.
The list below provides more details on what are the major healing constituents of Acmella oleracea and why they are important for health.
- Flavonoids: Acmella oleracea flavonoids have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
- Saponins: Saponins are a type of bioactive compound found in Acmella oleracea, characterized by their surface-active and hemolytic properties.
- Glycosides: Acmella oleracea glycosides exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties.
- Phenolic acids: A type of bioactive compound present in Acmella oleracea, characterized by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
- Alkaloids: Acmella oleracea alkaloids are reported to be bitter, astringent, and possess anti-inflammatory properties.
- Carotenoids: A constituent of Acmella oleracea, Carotenoids are yellow, orange, or red pigments with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and may have photoprotective and immunomodulatory effects.
- Terpenoids: Acmella oleracea terpenoids are known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
- Coumarins: Coumarins are present in Acmella oleracea and exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
- Triterpenoids: Triterpenoids are bioactive compounds found in Acmella oleracea, characterized by their anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, as well as their ability to inhibit histamine release and exhibit antioxidant activity.
- Sterols: Acmella oleracea contains Sterols, which are known for their anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties.
The table that follows estimates the relative concentrations of the main medicinal constituents contained in Acmella oleracea and lists the most relevant medicinal properties of each constituent based on the corresponding concentrations.
| Constituent | Concentration | Properties |
|---|---|---|
| Flavonoids | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Antiviral, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Anticancer, Neuroprotective, Antihistamine |
| Saponins | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer, Antiparasitic, Immunomodulatory |
| Glycosides | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Anticancer, Cytotoxic, Anticough |
| Phenolic acids | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antihistamine, Antiviral, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Analgesic, Anti-cancer |
| Alkaloids | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Cytotoxic, Anticancer |
| Carotenoids | LOW | Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Anti-cancer, Neuroprotective, Antioxidant, Antiviral, Wound healing |
| Terpenoids | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Antiviral, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Pain relief |
| Coumarins | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Anticancer, Antiviral |
| Triterpenoids | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Pain relief, Analgesic, Antiviral, Antifungal |
| Sterols | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antiparasitic, Antibacterial |
What are the most used parts of Acmella oleracea in medicine?
The most used parts of Acmella oleracea for medicinal purposes are its leaves.
The primary bioactive compounds found in the leaves of Acmella oleracea are sesquiterpene lactones, such as 11-epi-β-acacmacella and acemella saponins, which are responsible for its medicinal properties. The leaves of Acmella oleracea possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and analgesic properties due to the presence of these bioactive compounds. The analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of the leaves of Acmella oleracea have been attributed to the ability of sesquiterpene lactones to inhibit pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines.
The antioxidant properties of the leaves of Acmella oleracea are thought to be due to the ability of acemella saponins to scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress.
The following illustration give a summary of the most used parts of Acmella oleracea in medicine.
The list below provides more details on what are the most used parts of Acmella oleracea in medicine and why.
- Leaves: The leaves of this plant contain major bioactive compounds such as ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, and acmellin, which exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, providing primary health benefits including pain relief, wound healing, and protection against oxidative stress and infections.
The table that follows gives a more complete list of healing constituents found in each part of Acmella oleracea mentioned above.
| Part | Constituents |
|---|---|
| Leaves | Saponins, Flavonoids, Phenolic acids, Volatile oils, Acmellin, Acmellone, Sesquiterpenes, Caffeic acid, Chlorogenic acid |
What are the most common medicinal preparations of Acmella oleracea?
The most common herbal preparation of Acmella oleracea for medicinal purposes are tinctures, which contain concentrated extracts of the plant used to treat inflammation, wounds, and mouth sores.
Acmella oleracea is also used in salve form to reduce inflammation and promote healing in topical applications. Essential oils derived from the plant are utilized for their antimicrobial and antifungal properties, particularly in oral health products. Capsules containing Acmella oleracea are used to treat digestive issues and as an anti-inflammatory agent.
Additionally, the plant is prepared in a tea to relieve fever and as suppositories to treat anal fissures.
The following illustration give a summary of the most common medicinal preparations of Acmella oleracea.
The list below provides more details on what are the most common medicinal preparations of Acmella oleracea and what are their main uses.
- Tincture: Tincture made from this plant is used to treat toothache, reduce inflammation, and as an anti-plaque agent, also used to treat sore throat and as a mucolytic agent.
- Salve: Salve made from this plant is used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation and swelling, and promote healing of wounds, minor burns, and skin irritations.
- Essential Oil: Essential oil made from this plant is used to reduce inflammation, alleviate pain and treat oral ulcers, as well as for its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.
- Capsule: Capsule made from this plant is used for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties to treat toothache, mouth ulcers, and gum inflammation, as well as to enhance oral health and digestion.
- Tea: Tea made from this plant is used to treat toothache, reduce inflammation, and relieve pain by numbing the mucous membranes and nerves.
The table that follows shows what are the most used parts of Acmella oleracea for each medicinal preparation.
| Preparation | Parts |
|---|---|
| Tincture | Leaves, Roots |
| Salve | Leaves, Roots |
| Essential oil | Flowers, Leaves |
| Capsule | Leaves, Roots |
| Tea | Leaves, Roots |
Tincture
Acmella oleracea tincture is used to treat various conditions, including migraines, inflammation, pain, acne, wound healing, rosacea, skin irritation, fever, and digestive issues.
This herbal preparation is commonly used in traditional medicine. Its common effect is anti-inflammatory, which is attributed to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. Acmella oleracea tincture is typically made from the leaves and roots of the plant.
The preparation requires careful processing, as the high concentration of sesquiterpene lactones can make it challenging to extract the desired compounds, making it a hard preparation to make.
Below you find an image of Acmella oleracea tincture.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Acmella oleracea tincture.
- Gather fresh Acmella oleracea leaves and roots, and clean them thoroughly.
- Dry the leaves and roots in a cool, dark place, or using a dehydrator, to preserve their potency.
- Combine the dried leaves and roots in a clean glass jar, and add a sufficient amount of 80% to 95% ethanol or glycerin as the solvent.
- Steep the mixture in a cool, dark place for several weeks, shaking the jar regularly, to allow the solvent to extract the plant's active compounds.
- Strain the mixture through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter into another clean glass container, discarding the solids and preserving the herbal tincture.
Salve
Acmella oleracea salve is a herbal preparation used to treat a range of skin issues, including bruises, burns, wounds, skin irritations, insect bites, eczema, acne, and psoriasis.
It's a widely used treatment in many cultures, often applied directly to affected areas to provide relief. The common effect of using Acmella oleracea salve is the reduction of inflammation and pain. The preparation is typically made from the leaves and roots of the Acmella oleracea plant, which are carefully harvested and then processed into a salve.
However, the preparation is considered challenging to make due to the need for precise extraction and concentration of the active compounds, making it a time-consuming and labor-intensive process.
Below you find an image of Acmella oleracea salve.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Acmella oleracea salve.
- Gather fresh Acmella oleracea leaves and roots, and dry them properly for later use.
- Combine the dried Acmella oleracea leaves and roots in a large pot, and cover them with a carrier oil such as coconut or olive oil.
- Heat the mixture gently over low heat, allowing the herbs to infuse into the oil for several hours or overnight.
- Strain the oil mixture through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter into a clean container, discarding the solids.
- Add a preservative such as vitamin E oil to the infused oil, and mix well to create the Acmella oleracea herbal salve.
Essential Oil
Acmella oleracea essential oil is commonly used to treat pain, inflammation, skin irritation, wrinkles, acne, rosacea, muscle spasm, and eczema.
It's a widely used preparation due to its proven efficacy in addressing various skin and muscle-related issues. Acmella oleracea essential oil has a common effect of reducing inflammation and relieving pain. This preparation is extracted from the flowers and leaves of the Acmella oleracea plant.
The process of making this essential oil is challenging due to the delicate nature of the plant's components and the required precise distillation process to capture its active compounds.
Below you find an image of Acmella oleracea essential oil.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Acmella oleracea essential oil.
- Gather fresh Acmella oleracea flowers and leaves for distillation.
- Wash the gathered flowers and leaves thoroughly with clean water to remove any impurities.
- Combine the flowers and leaves in a distillation apparatus, such as a steam distiller or a Clevenger apparatus.
- Subject the mixture to gentle steam distillation to release the essential oil from the plant material.
- Collect the resulting essential oil and store it in a dark glass bottle to preserve its potency and aroma.
Capsule
Acmella oleracea capsule is a herbal preparation used to treat various conditions, including toothache, migraine, gingivitis, herpes, acne, canker sores and chapped lips.
It's a common used remedy in traditional medicine, often found in many herbal stores and online marketplaces. The capsules typically have a numbing effect, which is its most common effect, due to the presence of spilanthes, a compound found in the leaves and roots of the Acmella oleracea plant. The preparation is usually made with the leaves and roots of the plant, which are collected, dried and then processed into a capsule form.
Making Acmella oleracea capsule is moderately difficult, as it requires careful processing of the plant material to ensure the desired levels of spilanthes are maintained.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Acmella oleracea capsule.
- Gather fresh Acmella oleracea leaves and roots, and clean them thoroughly.
- Dry the leaves and roots in a well-ventilated area, either air-drying or using a food dehydrator.
- Grind the dried leaves and roots into a fine powder using a grinder or mortar and pestle.
- Mix the powdered leaves and roots in a specific ratio, usually 2:1 or 3:1, according to the desired herbal blend.
- Fill gelatin or vegetable capsules with the mixed powder, and seal them to create the Acmella oleracea herbal capsules.
Tea
Acmella oleracea tea is a preparation used to treat gum inflammation, migraine, skin irritation, muscle pain, and toothache.
It's a very common remedy due to its effectiveness, widely used in traditional medicine. The common effect of Acmella oleracea tea is its anti-inflammatory property, which helps to reduce swelling and pain. The preparation is made from the leaves and roots of the Acmella oleracea plant, which are combined and steeped in hot water to create the tea.
Acmella oleracea tea is easy to make at home, requiring only a few minutes to prepare, making it a convenient and accessible treatment option.
Below you find an image of Acmella oleracea tea.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Acmella oleracea tea.
- Gather fresh Acmella oleracea leaves and roots from a trusted source.
- Wash the leaves and roots thoroughly with clean water to remove any impurities.
- Combine the cleaned leaves and roots in a large bowl and gently crush them to release their essential oils.
- Transfer the crushed leaves and roots to a teapot and pour in boiling water to steep for several minutes.
- Strain the tea into a cup and discard the solids before serving the herbal tea.
What are the possible side effects of Acmella oleracea if used improperly?
The possible side effects of improperly using Acmella oleracea are experience allergic reactions and develop gastrointestinal disturbances, as improper use can trigger anaphylaxis and cause stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Additionally, suffer from skin irritation and show increased heart rate are possible, as the plant's sap can cause skin redness and inflammation, and may lead to tachycardia in sensitive individuals. Experience dizziness and develop headaches are also potential outcomes, as the plant's volatile oils can cause dizziness, lightheadedness, and headaches due to its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, experience nausea and show decreased blood pressure are possible, as the plant's saponins and flavonoids can cause gastrointestinal upset and hypotension in some individuals.
Experience respiratory problems and develop liver toxicity are the most severe possible outcomes, as the plant's volatile oils and saponins can cause bronchospasm and hepatotoxicity in rare cases.
The most common side effects Acmella oleracea gives people when used improperly are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Experience Allergic Reactions: Individuals exhibit symptoms such as hives, itching, and swelling after exposure to Acmella oleracea.
- Develop Gastrointestinal Disturbances: Gastrointestinal symptoms include nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.
- Suffer From Skin Irritation: Contact dermatitis occurs due to allergenic compounds in the plant.
- Show Increased Heart Rate: Acmella oleracea increases sympathetic nervous system activity, leading to increased heart rate.
- Experience Dizziness: Cyclopropene derivatives present in Acmella oleracea cause decreased blood pressure and cerebral blood flow, leading to dizziness.
- Develop Headaches: Acmella oleracea ingestion causes headache due to spasmogenic saponin content.
- Experience Nausea: Consuming Acmella oleracea causes nausea.
- Show Decreased Blood Pressure: Acmella oleracea extracts decrease blood pressure due to vasodilatory activity of its sesquiterpene lactones.
- Experience Respiratory Problems: Inhalation of Acmella oleracea causes irritation of the respiratory tract leading to respiratory issues.
- Develop Liver Toxicity: Liver damage and elevation of liver enzymes in response to Acmella oleracea consumption.
What are the precautions to take before using Acmella oleracea medicinally?
The precautions to take before using Acmella oleracea medicinally are consult a healthcare professional to ensure safe use, particularly for individuals with pre-existing medical conditions.
To minimize risks, determine proper dosage based on age, weight, and health status, and avoid consuming in excess to prevent adverse effects such as gastrointestinal issues and allergic reactions. Be aware of interactions with other medications, including blood thinners and diabetes medications, as Acmella oleracea may enhance their effects. Monitor blood pressure and heart rate regularly during use, and use with caution in children and pregnant women due to limited research on its effects on fetal development.
When applying Acmella oleracea topically, avoid applying to broken skin and watch for signs of allergic reactions, while storing it in a cool, dry place and following proper preparation and handling procedures to prevent contamination.
The most important precautions you must take before using Acmella oleracea for medicinal purposes are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Consult A Healthcare Professional: Pregnant women, breastfeeding women, and people with kidney or liver disease should consult a healthcare professional before using Acmella oleracea.
- Determine Proper Dosage: Dosage should be established based on individual tolerance and specific use, typically starting with 1-5 drops of the plant's extract.
- Avoid Consuming In Excess: Consuming excessive amounts of Acmella oleracea may cause gastrointestinal irritation
- Be Aware Of Interactions With Other Medications: Concurrent use with diabetes medications, blood thinners, and other medications may result in adverse effects, such as hypoglycemia or bleeding.
- Monitor Blood Pressure And Heart Rate: Patients with hypertension or cardiovascular conditions should monitor blood pressure and heart rate due to Acmella oleracea's effect of increasing heart rate and blood pressure.
- Use With Caution In Children And Pregnant Women: Children and pregnant women should avoid Acmella oleracea due to its lack of safety data in these populations.
- Avoid Applying To Broken Skin: Application to broken skin can lead to skin irritation.
- Watch For Signs Of Allergic Reactions: Some individuals exhibit skin irritation, itching, or swelling in response to Acmella oleracea contact.
- Store In A Cool, Dry Place: Acmella oleracea should be stored in an environment with a temperature range between 15°C and 25°C and relative humidity below 60%
- Follow Proper Preparation And Handling Procedures: Acmella oleracea requires thorough cleaning and handling to avoid contamination with bacteria and other pathogens.
