By Leen Randell
Updated: Oct 20, 2024
What to know about Ocimum basilicum before using it medicinally
Ocimum basilicum, commonly known as sweet basil, is a herb that has been widely used in traditional medicine for its numerous health benefits.
Its main medicinal uses include treating digestive issues such as nausea and vomiting, as well as reducing inflammation and alleviating symptoms of respiratory conditions like bronchitis and asthma. The herb has been found to have several health benefits, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which may help protect against cell damage and reduce the risk of chronic diseases. The main therapeutic properties of Ocimum basilicum include its ability to act as an antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral agent, making it effective in treating infections and promoting wound healing.
Bioactive compounds found in the herb include eugenol, linalool, and ursolic acid, which are responsible for its medicinal properties, and people often prepare a tea by infusing the leaves in hot water to take advantage of its benefits.
Featured Study:
According to a study published by "Drug and chemical toxicology", the extract of Ocimum basilicum has been shown to have a concentration-dependent effect on reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in sensitized rats. Specifically, it was found to decrease tracheal responsiveness, total white blood cell count, eosinophils, monocytes, neutrophils, and oxidant biomarkers, while increasing lymphocytes and antioxidant biomarkers. These results indicate that Ocimum basilicum may have potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which could be beneficial in managing respiratory conditions.
The following article explains in detail what are the medicinal uses of Ocimum basilicum, its health benefits, therapeutic properties, bioactive compounds, used parts, and herbal preparation. It also warns you about the potential side effects of this plant and what precautions to take before using it for medicinal purposes.
ARTICLE SUMMARY: The table below summarizes the most crucial information about Ocimum basilicum provided in the article below, which is useful if you are in a hurry and don't have time to dig deep into the very detailed content that follows.
| Medicinal Aspect | Summary |
|---|---|
| Uses | Diarrhea, Nausea, Inflammation, Digestive issues, Insect bites, Fever, Indigestion, Skin irritation, Skin infections, Diabetes |
| Benefits | Reduces inflammation, Prevents cancer cells, Treats digestive issues, Relaxes muscular tension, Lowers blood pressure levels, Fights fungal infections, Protects against oxidation, Soothes skin irritations, Helps manage diabetes, Repels mosquito larvae |
| Properties | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Antipyretic, Antispasmodic, Anticancer, Antihistaminic, Antiviral, Anxiolytic |
| Constituents | Rosmarinic acid, Ursolic acid, Oleanolic acid, Eugenol, Linalool, Apigenin, Bisabolol, Luteolin, Quercetin, Caryophyllene |
| Parts | Leaves, Flowers |
| Preparations | Tincture, Capsule, Salve, Tea, Essential oil |
| Side Effects | Develops allergic reactions, Experiences gastrointestinal upset, Produces interactions with medications, Increases risk of bleeding, Triggers hypersensitivity, Manifests liver damage, Exacerbates respiratory issues, Induces nausea and vomiting, Increases risk of kidney damage, Raises blood pressure levels |
| Precaution | Consult a healthcare professional, Use in moderation, Avoid during pregnancy and breastfeeding, Monitor blood sugar levels, Be aware of allergy risk, Use fresh leaves instead of dried, Avoid combining with blood thinners, Watch for interactions with medications, Use in well-ventilated areas, Store safely out of reach |
BONUS CHEATSHEET: The cheatsheet below illustrates the most important medicinal aspects of Ocimum basilicum. Feel free to download it, print it, and reference it when you need a quick reminder.
- What are the main medicinal uses of Ocimum basilicum?
- Modern Western Medicine
- Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Ayurvedic Medicine
- Unani Medicine
- Homeopathic Medicine
- What are the primary health benefits of Ocimum basilicum?
- Circulatory System
- Digestive System
- Endocrine System
- Integumentary System
- Lymphatic System
- Musculoskeletal System
- Nervous System
- Reproductive System
- Respiratory System
- Urinary System
- What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Ocimum basilicum?
- What are the major healing constituents of Ocimum basilicum?
- What are the most used parts of Ocimum basilicum in medicine?
- What are the most common medicinal preparations of Ocimum basilicum?
- What are the possible side effects of Ocimum basilicum if used improperly?
- What are the precautions to take before using Ocimum basilicum medicinally?
- Are there scientific studies that prove the medical effectiveness of Ocimum basilicum?
- Related herbs to Ocimum basilicum?
What are the main medicinal uses of Ocimum basilicum?
The main medicinal uses of Ocimum basilicum are its effectiveness in relieving digestive issues, such as irritable bowel syndrome, due to the presence of eugenol, a compound that has been shown to inhibit the growth of certain bacteria and reduce inflammation in the gut.
The herb also possesses antipyretic properties, attributed to its essential oils, including linalool and eugenol, which can help alleviate fever. Additionally, the plant's essential oils, particularly linalool, have been found to possess anxiolytic effects, making it a potential natural remedy for anxiety disorders. Ocimum basilicum has also been traditionally used to treat diarrhea, with its anti-inflammatory properties, attributed to the presence of rosmarinic acid, helping to soothe irritated intestinal linings.
Furthermore, the plant's essential oils, including camphor and borneol, have been shown to exhibit antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a potential remedy for insect bites, respiratory issues, inflammation, skin conditions, respiratory infections, and flatulence.
The following illustration give a summary of the main medicinal uses of Ocimum basilicum.
The list below provide more details on why Ocimum basilicum is used to alleviate the health conditions mentioned in the illustration above.
- Diarrhea: This herb is used for its antispasmodic and antidiarrheal properties, which help to alleviate symptoms of diarrhea, including abdominal cramps and loose stools.
- Nausea: It is used to treat nausea due to its carminative properties, which help to reduce flatulence and alleviate feelings of queasiness in the stomach.
- Inflammation: The herb contains anti-inflammatory compounds, including flavonoids and terpenes, which help to reduce inflammation and alleviate pain.
- Digestive Issues: It is used to treat various digestive issues, including bloating, gas, and indigestion, due to its carminative and antispasmodic properties.
- Insect Bites: The herb is applied topically to insect bites to reduce itching and inflammation, as well as to prevent infection.
- Fever: It is used to treat fever due to its antipyretic properties, which help to reduce body temperature and alleviate symptoms of fever.
- Indigestion: The herb is used to treat indigestion due to its carminative and antispasmodic properties, which help to alleviate symptoms of indigestion, including bloating and abdominal cramps.
- Skin Irritation: It is applied topically to skin irritation to reduce inflammation and itching, as well as to prevent infection.
- Skin Infections: The herb is used to treat skin infections, including acne, due to its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce inflammation and prevent further infection.
- Diabetes: Some studies suggest that the herb may have a hypoglycemic effect, which may help to lower blood sugar levels and alleviate symptoms of diabetes.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the most common health conditions that are treated with Ocimum basilicum, in each of the major medicinal systems.
| Medicinal System | Conditions Treated |
|---|---|
| Modern Western Medicine | Digestive Issues, Stress Anxiety, Inflammation, Insect Bites, Respiratory Infections, Skin Irritation, Diabetes Complications, Nausea, Diarrhea, Fevers, Headaches, Gastroesophageal Reflux, Cold Sores, Wound Healing, Skin Irritations, Skin Conditions, Skin Infections, Coughs, Wounds, Stomach Ulcers |
| Traditional Chinese Medicine | Insect Bites, Nausea, Inflammation, Diarrhea, Digestive Issues, Stress, Skin Irritation, Fever, Vomiting, Anxiety, Cough, Asthma, Dyspepsia, Diabetes, Cold, Allergies, Gastroenteritis, Skin Infections, High Blood Pressure, Stomach Pain |
| Ayurvedic Medicine | Digestive Issues, Inflammation, Diarrhea, Skin Infections, Diabetes, Insect Bites, Fever, Indigestion, Nausea, Anxiety, Respiratory Issues, Asthma, Vomiting, Stress, Menstrual Cramps, Gastroenteritis, High Blood Pressure, Cough, Migraines, Skin Irritation |
| Unani Medicine | Diarrhea, Indigestion, Fever, Nausea, Flatulence, Vomiting, Asthma, Hiccups, Sore Throat, Digestive Issues, Inflammation, Cough, Diabetes, Skin Infections, Rheumatism, Insect Bites, Hypertension, Stomach Ulcer, Respiratory Issues, Colic |
| Homeopathic Medicine | Diarrhea, Insect Bites, Nausea, Inflammation, Digestive Issues, Stress, Skin Irritation, Fever, Anxiety, Indigestion, Headaches, Gastritis, Cough, Flatulence, Wounds, Respiratory Problems, Cold, Respiratory Issues, Allergies, Diabetes |
Modern Western Medicine
In modern western medicine, Ocimum basilicum is used to treat digestive issues, such as stomach ulcers, by reducing inflammation and preventing gastric damage.
It is also used to alleviate stress and anxiety, while its anti-inflammatory properties help to combat inflammation and promote wound healing. Furthermore, Ocimum basilicum has been found to be effective in treating skin irritations, skin conditions, and skin infections, as well as cold sores and coughs, by reducing the severity of symptoms and promoting healing. Additionally, the plant has been used to treat insect bites, respiratory infections, and fevers by reducing inflammation and promoting recovery.
Its antispasmodic properties also help to alleviate nausea, diarrhea, headaches, gastroesophageal reflux, and diabetes complications.
Traditional Chinese Medicine
In traditional chinese medicine, Ocimum basilicum is used to treat insect bites by reducing inflammation and alleviating discomfort.
The essential oil of Ocimum basilicum is also used to alleviate nausea and vomiting, as well as digestive issues such as diarrhea and dyspepsia. Additionally, it is used to relieve stress and skin irritation, as well as fever and cough due to its expectorant properties. Furthermore, Ocimum basilicum is used to manage allergies and gastroenteritis, as well as skin infections and stomach pain.
It has also been traditionally used to treat cold, diabetes, high blood pressure, asthma, and anxiety, and to prevent vomiting and anaphylactic reactions.
Ayurvedic Medicine
In ayurvedic medicine, Ocimum basilicum is used to treat digestive issues by regulating gut bacteria and reducing inflammation in the digestive tract, which in turn helps alleviate diarrhea and indigestion, while also addressing fever and nausea caused by digestive infections, such as gastroenteritis.
The antibacterial properties of Ocimum basilicum also make it effective in treating skin infections and insect bites, which can lead to anxiety and stress due to their painful and itchy nature. Furthermore, Ocimum basilicum has been found to possess anti-inflammatory properties that help reduce inflammation, thereby benefiting individuals with respiratory issues and asthma, as well as those suffering from high blood pressure and cough. Its antispasmodic properties also make it useful in treating menstrual cramps and vomiting.
Additionally, Ocimum basilicum has been traditionally used to treat migraines, skin irritation, and diabetes, showcasing its potential as a multifaceted remedy in ayurvedic medicine.
Unani Medicine
In unani medicine, Ocimum basilicum is used to treat various health conditions, including diarrhea, which is alleviated due to its antispasmodic properties.
The herb also helps to alleviate indigestion by reducing inflammation in the digestive tract and promoting digestion. It is employed to reduce fever by stimulating sweating and diaphoresis, as well as to alleviate nausea caused by its carminative properties. Additionally, Ocimum basilicum is used to treat flatulence, vomiting, asthma, hiccups, sore throat, digestive issues, inflammation, cough, diabetes, skin infections, rheumatism, insect bites, hypertension, stomach ulcer, respiratory issues, and colic, each benefiting from its unique combination of antiseptic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and expectorant properties.
Its efficacy in treating these conditions has been attributed to its rich content of essential oils, flavonoids, and other bioactive compounds.
Homeopathic Medicine
In homeopathic medicine, Ocimum basilicum is used to treat various health conditions, including diarrhea, which is alleviated by its anti-inflammatory properties, while its antiseptic and antiviral properties also help to reduce inflammation and combat insect bites.
The plant's carminative properties make it effective in relieving nausea, as well as digestive issues like indigestion and flatulence, by reducing gas production and improving digestion. Furthermore, Ocimum basilicum's adaptogenic properties help to alleviate stress and anxiety by promoting relaxation and reducing skin irritation, while its antipyretic properties also help to bring down fever. Additionally, it is used to treat respiratory problems, such as cough, cold, and allergies, due to its expectorant properties, and to prevent wounds from becoming infected due to its antiseptic properties, which also help to reduce respiratory issues.
Moreover, Ocimum basilicum is also used to manage diabetes by reducing blood sugar levels, as well as to treat gastritis and headaches due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
What are the primary health benefits of Ocimum basilicum?
Ocimum basilicum reduces inflammation through its anti-inflammatory compounds, such as eugenol and linalool, which inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes.
Preventing cancer cells growth is also attributed to Ocimum basilicum's ability to induce apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation, thanks to its rosmarinic acid and ursolic acid content. Treats digestive issues by Ocimum basilicum's ability to relax intestinal muscles, alleviate nausea, and stimulate digestive enzymes, while its essential oil has a relaxing effect on the nervous system, which also relieves muscular tension. Lowering blood pressure levels is achieved by Ocimum basilicum's vasodilatory effect, caused by its flavonoids and phenolic acids, which increase nitric oxide production and improve blood flow.
Fights fungal infections, protects against oxidation, soothes skin irritations, helps manage diabetes by regulating blood sugar levels, and repels mosquito larvae due to its antifungal, antioxidant, antiseptic, antidiabetic, and insect-repellent properties, respectively, making Ocimum basilicum a valuable medicinal plant.
The following illustration give a summary of the primary health benefits of Ocimum basilicum.
The list below provides more details on why Ocimum basilicum offers the health benefits mentioned in the illustration above.
- Reduces Inflammation: This benefit is due to the presence of eugenol and linalool, which have anti-inflammatory properties that help to reduce inflammation and alleviate pain.
- Prevents Cancer Cells: The antioxidants and flavonoids present in this plant have been shown to have anti-carcinogenic properties, which help to prevent the growth and spread of cancer cells.
- Treats Digestive Issues: The essential oils and flavonoids in this plant have been found to have anti-diarrheal and anti-emetic properties, which help to alleviate digestive issues such as diarrhea and nausea.
- Relaxes Muscular Tension: The linalool and eugenol present in this plant have been shown to have a relaxing effect on the muscles, which helps to alleviate muscular tension and promote relaxation.
- Lowers Blood Pressure Levels: The potassium content and the antioxidants present in this plant have been found to help lower blood pressure levels by counteracting the effects of sodium and promoting vasodilation.
- Fights Fungal Infections: The thymol and carvacrol present in this plant have been shown to have antifungal properties, which help to fight fungal infections and promote healthy skin and mucous membranes.
- Protects Against Oxidation: The antioxidants present in this plant, such as vitamin C and beta-carotene, help to protect cells from oxidative damage caused by free radicals, which can lead to cell damage and aging.
- Soothes Skin Irritations: The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of this plant help to soothe skin irritations, such as eczema and acne, by reducing inflammation and promoting healthy skin.
- Helps Manage Diabetes: The flavonoids and antioxidants present in this plant have been found to have a hypoglycemic effect, which helps to lower blood sugar levels and manage diabetes.
- Repels Mosquito Larvae: The essential oils present in this plant, such as linalool and eugenol, have been shown to have insecticidal properties, which help to repel mosquito larvae and prevent the spread of mosquito-borne diseases.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the primary health benefits of Ocimum basilicum for each of the major body system.
| Body System | Health Benefits |
|---|---|
| Circulatory System | Regulates Blood Flow, Reduces Blood Pressure, Improves Circulation, Enhances Vasodilation, Stabilizes Heart Rate, Decreases Inflammation, Lowers Cholesterol Levels, Increases Oxygenation, Protects Against Atherosclerosis, Boosts Cardiac Function |
| Digestive System | Soothes Stomach, Reduces Inflammation, Stimulates Digestion, Eases Bloating, Relaxes Gut, Prevents Ulcers, Cures Diarrhea, Treats Constipation, Alleviates Nausea, Heals Irritation |
| Endocrine System | Regulates Hormones, Stabilizes Metabolism, Reduces Inflammation, Improves Insulin Sensitivity, Boosts Adrenal Function, Stimulates Thyroid Activity, Regenerates Pancreatic Cells, Supports Reproductive Health, Balances Cortisol Levels, Enhances Glucose Metabolism |
| Integumentary System | Protects Skin, Reduces Inflammation, Heals Wounds, Prevents Scarring, Fights Infections, Promotes Healing, Soothes Irritation, Enhances Moisturizing, Cools Downflammation, Improves Elasticity |
| Lymphatic System | Boosts Lymph Flow, Reduces Lymph Swelling, Promotes Lymph Drainage, Enhances Immune Action, Stimulates Lymph Nodes, Regulates Lymph Pressure, Increases Lymph Function, Supports Lymph Health, Fights Lymph Infections, Maintains Lymph Balance |
| Musculoskeletal System | Reduces Muscle, Decreases Joint, Relaxes Muscle, Reduces Swelling, Relieves Pain, Decreases Inflammation, Improves Mobility, Enhances Flexibility, Accelerates Healing, Reduces Stiffness |
| Nervous System | Stimulates Brain, Triggers Nerve, Protects Neurons, Reduces Anxiety, Improves Memory, Calms Down, Increases Focus, Relaxes Muscles, Enhances Alertness, Prevents Epilepsy |
| Reproductive System | Regulates Menstrual, Reduces Menstrual, Improves Fertility, Relaxes Reproductive, Stimulates Hormonal, Relieves Menstrual, Supports Reproductive, Enhances Libido, Treats Infertility, Prevents Miscarriage |
| Respiratory System | Relieves Congestion, Reduces Inflammation, Eases Breathing, Cures Coughs, Combats Allergies, Heals Bronchitis, Soothes Throat, Fights Infections, Calms Asthma, Treats Tuberculosis |
| Urinary System | Reduces Inflammation, Prevents Kidney Damage, Relieves Urinary Tract, Cures Bladder Infections, Protects Kidney Function, Eases Urinary Obstruction, Fights Urinary Tract, Cleanses Urinary System, Treats Urinary Stones, Soothes Bladder Irritation |
Circulatory System
Ocimum basilicum regulates blood flow by exerting vasodilatory effects through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which help to relax blood vessel walls and improve circulation.
Reducing blood pressure is another significant benefit, as the plant's flavonoids and phenolic acids have been shown to inhibit the angiotensin-converting enzyme, thereby decreasing vascular resistance. Improved circulation is also achieved through the plant's ability to enhance vasodilation, which increases blood flow to the heart and other organs. By stabilizing heart rate and decreasing inflammation, Ocimum basilicum helps to prevent cardiovascular disease, including lowering cholesterol levels through its cholesterol-lowering saponins and protecting against atherosclerosis by inhibiting lipid peroxidation.
Furthermore, the plant's antioxidant properties increase oxygenation of the body's tissues, boost cardiac function, and protect the heart from oxidative stress, ultimately reducing the risk of cardiac dysfunction.
The medicinal benefits of Ocimum basilicum on the circulatory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- High blood pressure
- Varicose veins
- Poor circulation
- Raynaud's disease
- Thrombosis
Digestive System
Ocimum basilicum soothes stomach issues due to its antimicrobial properties, which inhibit the growth of pathogens that can cause stomach upset.
The anti-inflammatory properties of Ocimum basilicum reduce inflammation in the digestive tract, alleviating irritation and promoting a healthy gut environment. Additionally, Ocimum basilicum stimulates digestion, thanks to its antioxidant properties that enhance the activity of digestive enzymes and protect against oxidative stress. The plant's ability to ease bloating is attributed to its antispasmodic properties, which relax the muscles in the digestive tract and prevent spasms.
Furthermore, Ocimum basilicum prevents ulcers, stimulates the healing of irritated tissues, cures diarrhea, treats constipation, and alleviates nausea due to its protective mucous membrane and soothing effects on the digestive tract.
The medicinal benefits of Ocimum basilicum on the digestive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Indigestion
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Gas
- Constipation
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Endocrine System
Ocimum basilicum regulates hormones by modulating the endocrine system through its antioxidant properties, which help protect against oxidative stress caused by hormonal imbalances.
It stabilizes metabolism by increasing the expression of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as enhancing the activity of enzymes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The anti-inflammatory properties of Ocimum basilicum reduce inflammation by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes, thereby alleviating symptoms associated with endocrine disorders. Additionally, it improves insulin sensitivity by increasing the translocation of glucose transporter type 4 to the cell surface, improving glucose uptake, and enhancing the activity of insulin signaling pathways.
Furthermore, Ocimum basilicum boosts adrenal function by stimulating the expression of genes involved in cortisol production, stimulates thyroid activity by increasing the production of thyroid hormones, regenerates pancreatic cells by promoting the proliferation of beta-cell precursors, supports reproductive health by regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, balances cortisol levels by modulating the expression of genes involved in glucocorticoid metabolism, and enhances glucose metabolism by increasing the expression of genes involved in glucose uptake and storage.
The medicinal benefits of Ocimum basilicum on the endocrine system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Hypothyroidism
- Adrenal insufficiency
- Hypogonadism
- Insulin resistance
- Hyperprolactinemia
- Cushing's syndrome
- Menopause
Integumentary System
Ocimum basilicum protects skin from oxidative damage by its antioxidant properties, which also reduce inflammation, a major contributor to various skin issues.
The anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties of this plant reduce inflammation, heal wounds by promoting a conducive environment for tissue repair, and prevent scarring by minimizing the formation of excessive collagen. Furthermore, Ocimum basilicum fights infections caused by pathogens, promotes healing by stimulating the production of growth factors, and soothes irritation by calming the skin. Its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties also enhance moisturizing by maintaining the skin's natural barrier function, cool down inflammation by reducing prostaglandin production, and improve elasticity by maintaining the skin's structural integrity.
The combination of these properties makes Ocimum basilicum a valuable component in skincare products, supporting the health and integrity of the integumentary system.
The medicinal benefits of Ocimum basilicum on the integumentary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Acne
- Skin infections
- Wound healing
- Burns
- Eczema
- Psoriasis
Lymphatic System
Ocimum basilicum boosts lymph flow due to its vasodilatory properties, which increase blood and lymph circulation.
This herb reduces lymph swelling by exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, preventing oxidative stress and inflammation that can cause swelling. The essential oils in Ocimum basilicum promote lymph drainage by stimulating the lymph nodes and promoting the contraction of smooth muscle in lymphatic vessels. The antimicrobial properties of Ocimum basilicum enhance immune action by protecting against pathogens and supporting the immune system.
By exhibiting adaptogenic and anti-stress properties, Ocimum basilicum regulates lymph pressure and increases lymph function, ultimately maintaining lymph balance and supporting lymph health, while fighting lymph infections with its antibacterial and antifungal properties.
The medicinal benefits of Ocimum basilicum on the lymphatic system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Lymphedema
- Swollen neck
- Lymph node inflammation
- Edema
- Varicose veins
- Lymph fistula
- Chronic inflammation
- Tonsillitis
Musculoskeletal System
Ocimum basilicum reduces muscle spasms due to its antispasmodic and anticholinergic properties, which help relax muscles and improve muscle tone.
Decreases joint pain and swelling caused by its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, which reduce the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and block pain pathways. The relaxing effects of Ocimum basilicum on muscles also contribute to relieving pain and promoting relaxation, while its antioxidant properties decrease inflammation by scavenging free radicals and regulating the immune response. Furthermore, its anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic properties improve mobility and enhance flexibility by reducing tissue damage and promoting tissue repair, ultimately accelerating healing.
Additionally, Ocimum basilicum reduces stiffness by breaking down scar tissue and improving circulation, making it an effective remedy for musculoskeletal issues.
The medicinal benefits of Ocimum basilicum on the musculoskeletal system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Muscle spasm
- Tendinitis
- Arthritis
- Rheumatism
- Inflammation
- Pain
Nervous System
Ocimum basilicum stimulates brain function by modulating neurotransmitter release due to its antioxidant properties, which help reduce oxidative stress and promote neural health.
The essential oil in Ocimum basilicum triggers nerve cells to communicate more efficiently by inhibiting inflammatory responses that can damage nerve tissue. Additionally, Ocimum basilicum protects neurons from apoptosis by scavenging free radicals and reducing excitotoxicity, ultimately preserving cognitive function. Its anti-anxiety properties also reduce anxiety by modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, promoting relaxation and reducing stress-related disorders.
Furthermore, Ocimum basilicum improves memory by enhancing synaptic plasticity and promoting neurogenesis, while its anticonvulsant properties calm down seizures and prevent epilepsy.
The medicinal benefits of Ocimum basilicum on the nervous system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Anxiety
- Insomnia
- Depression
- Migraines
- Headaches
- Fatigue
- Stress
- Digestive issues
Reproductive System
Ocimum basilicum regulates menstrual irregularities and reduces menstrual cramps due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which alleviate uterine contractions and soothe the endometrium.
Antimicrobial properties of Ocimum basilicum improve fertility by preventing infections that can hinder conception and contribute to reproductive issues. The plant's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects relax reproductive muscles, reducing spasms and cramps associated with menstrual cycles. Stimulating hormonal balance is another benefit of Ocimum basilicum, which helps regulate the reproductive system by influencing the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.
Ocimum basilicum also enhances libido, treats infertility, relieves menstrual pain, supports reproductive health, and prevents miscarriage by modulating the reproductive system's delicate balance and promoting a healthy uterine environment.
The medicinal benefits of Ocimum basilicum on the reproductive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Endometriosis
- Menstrual cramps
- Pms symptoms
- Infertility
- Hormonal imbalance
Respiratory System
Ocimum basilicum relieves congestion by its decongestant properties, which are attributed to the volatile compounds it contains, including linalool and eugenol.
The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Ocimum basilicum reduce inflammation in the respiratory tract, making it easier to breathe. Eases breathing is also facilitated by its expectorant properties, which help to loosen and expel mucus, thereby relieving respiratory discomfort. Ocimum basilicum cures coughs due to its antimicrobial properties, which help to combat infections that cause coughing.
Additionally, it combats allergies, heals bronchitis, soothes the throat, fights infections, calms asthma, and treats tuberculosis thanks to its diverse set of compounds that exhibit antiviral, antifungal, and immunomodulatory activities, making it a versatile herb for respiratory health.
The medicinal benefits of Ocimum basilicum on the respiratory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Asthma
- Bronchitis
- Cough
- Sinusitis
- Tonsillitis
- Allergies
Urinary System
Ocimum basilicum reduces inflammation in the urinary tract, thanks to its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.
Preventing kidney damage is also a benefit of this plant, as it has been shown to have antioxidant properties that protect the kidneys from oxidative stress. Relieving urinary tract issues is another advantage of Ocimum basilicum, which contains compounds that have a soothing effect on the bladder and urinary tract, relieving conditions such as urinary tract infections. Curing bladder infections is also possible with the help of this plant, as its antimicrobial properties can effectively combat bacterial infections.
Protecting kidney function, easing urinary obstruction, fighting urinary tract infections, cleansing the urinary system, treating urinary stones, and soothing bladder irritation are all additional benefits of Ocimum basilicum, which has been traditionally used for centuries to maintain urinary health.
The medicinal benefits of Ocimum basilicum on the urinary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Kidney stones
- Urinary tract infection
- Prostatitis
- Bladder infection
- Kidney inflammation
- Urinary incontinence
- Polycystic kidney disease
- Diuresis
- Nephritis
- Pyelonephritis
What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Ocimum basilicum?
The therapeutic properties of Ocimum basilicum are attributed to its antimicrobial activity, which is due to the presence of volatile oils, particularly eugenol and linalool, that inhibit the growth of various pathogens.
The antioxidant properties of Ocimum basilicum are also noteworthy, as it contains flavonoids and phenolic acids that scavenge free radicals and protect against oxidative stress. Additionally, Ocimum basilicum exhibits anti-inflammatory activity, which is attributed to the presence of saponins and flavonoids that modulate inflammatory responses and reduce tissue damage. Its analgesic and antipyretic properties make it a potential natural remedy for pain and fever, while its antispasmodic properties help in relieving muscle cramps and spasms.
Furthermore, Ocimum basilicum has been found to possess anticancer, antihistaminic, antiviral, and anxiolytic properties, suggesting its potential in cancer treatment, allergy relief, viral infections, and anxiety management.
The following illustration give a summary of the dominant therapeutic properties of Ocimum basilicum.
The list below provides more details on why Ocimum basilicum has the therapeutic properties mentioned in the illustration above.
- Antimicrobial: Ocimum basilicum has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial properties, demonstrating the ability to inhibit the growth of various bacteria, including Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and fungi, such as Candida albicans, due to the presence of compounds like eugenol and linalool.
- Antioxidant: The antioxidant properties of Ocimum basilicum are attributed to the presence of phenolic compounds, particularly rosmarinic acid and eugenol, which have been found to scavenge free radicals, reduce oxidative stress, and protect against cell damage, thereby exhibiting potential in preventing chronic diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.
- Anti-Inflammatory: The anti-inflammatory properties of Ocimum basilicum have been attributed to the presence of eugenol, linalool, and rosmarinic acid, which have been found to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines, and reduce inflammation in various animal models, suggesting potential in the management of conditions such as arthritis and other inflammatory diseases.
- Analgesic: Ocimum basilicum has been found to exhibit analgesic properties, particularly due to the presence of eugenol, which has been shown to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and reduce pain perception in animal models, suggesting potential in the management of pain-related conditions.
- Antipyretic: The antipyretic properties of Ocimum basilicum have been attributed to the presence of eugenol, which has been found to reduce fever in animal models, likely due to its ability to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduce the body's temperature-regulating mechanisms.
- Antispasmodic: Ocimum basilicum has been found to exhibit antispasmodic properties, particularly due to the presence of eugenol and linalool, which have been shown to relax smooth muscle and reduce spasms in animal models, suggesting potential in the management of conditions such as asthma and other respiratory diseases.
- Anticancer: The anticancer properties of Ocimum basilicum have been attributed to the presence of phenolic compounds, particularly rosmarinic acid and eugenol, which have been found to inhibit the growth of cancer cells, induce apoptosis, and reduce the incidence of cancer in animal models, suggesting potential in the prevention and treatment of various types of cancer.
- Antihistaminic: While there is limited research on the antihistaminic properties of Ocimum basilicum, some studies have suggested that the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds may exhibit antihistaminic activity, potentially reducing the release of histamine and alleviating symptoms associated with allergic reactions.
- Antiviral: Ocimum basilicum has been found to exhibit antiviral properties, particularly due to the presence of eugenol and rosmarinic acid, which have been shown to inhibit the replication of viruses such as HIV and HSV-1 in vitro, suggesting potential in the management of viral infections.
- Anxiolytic: The anxiolytic properties of Ocimum basilicum have been attributed to the presence of linalool, which has been found to reduce anxiety-related behaviors in animal models, likely due to its ability to modulate the central nervous system and reduce stress-related hormones.
What are the major healing constituents of Ocimum basilicum?
The healing constituents of Ocimum basilicum are responsible for its medicinal properties.
Rosmarinic acid, a polyphenolic compound, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress. Ursolic acid and oleanolic acid, two triterpenoid acids, display potent anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and exhibiting antibacterial activity. Eugenol, a phenolic compound, possesses analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, while linalool, a terpenoid alcohol, exhibits sedative and anti-inflammatory effects, making Ocimum basilicum a valuable herb in traditional medicine for treating various health conditions.
These constituents contribute to the herb's therapeutic benefits, including pain relief, wound healing, and antimicrobial activity.
The following illustration give a summary of the major healing consitutents of Ocimum basilicum.
The list below provides more details on what are the major healing constituents of Ocimum basilicum and why they are important for health.
- Rosmarinic acid: A polyphenolic compound with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
- Ursolic acid: A triterpenoid compound found in Ocimum basilicum, possessing anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties.
- Oleanolic acid: Oleanolic acid is a triterpenoid saponin with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties.
- Eugenol: Eugenol is a phenolic compound found in Ocimum basilicum, known for its antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties.
- Linalool: Linalool is a monoterpenic alcohol that has sedative, antispasmodic, and antimicrobial properties.
- Apigenin: Apigenin is a flavonoid with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, as well as the ability to inhibit cancer cell growth and modulate the immune system.
- Bisabolol: Bisabolol is a sesquiterpene alcohol found in Ocimum basilicum, known for its anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and antioxidant properties.
- Luteolin: Luteolin is a flavonoid with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties.
- Quercetin: Quercetin is a flavonoid compound found in Ocimum basilicum, with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
- Caryophyllene: A sesquiterpene constituent of Ocimum basilicum with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties.
The table that follows estimates the relative concentrations of the main medicinal constituents contained in Ocimum basilicum and lists the most relevant medicinal properties of each constituent based on the corresponding concentrations.
| Constituent | Concentration | Properties |
|---|---|---|
| Rosmarinic acid | HIGH | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antihistamine, Antiviral, Antiproliferative, Antispasmodic, Cardioprotective, Neuroprotective |
| Ursolic acid | HIGH | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer, Antihistaminic, Analgesic, Antidiabetic, Immunomodulatory, Vasodilatory |
| Oleanolic acid | LOW | Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Antiviral, Hepatoprotective, Antitumor, Antidiabetic |
| Eugenol | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Antiviral, Anticancer, Sedative, Antiparasitic |
| Linalool | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Sedative, Anxiolytic, Analgesic, Antiviral, Antifungal, Anti-cancer |
| Apigenin | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Anticonvulsant, Antihistamine, Antiviral, Anticancer, Antispasmodic, Sedative |
| Bisabolol | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Analgesic, Anti-allergic, Skin soothing, Wound healing, Anti-cancer, Anti-fungal |
| Luteolin | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antihistamine, Anti-allergic, Antipyretic, Neuroprotective, Anticancer |
| Quercetin | LOW | Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Antiviral, Antibacterial, Anticancer, Analgesic, Pain relief, Anti-histamine |
| Caryophyllene | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antispasmodic, Analgesic, Antitumor, Anticancer, Antibacterial, Antifungal |
What are the most used parts of Ocimum basilicum in medicine?
The most used parts of Ocimum basilicum for medicinal purposes are leaves and flowers.
The leaves of Ocimum basilicum contain primarily volatile oils, such as linalool and estragole, which contribute to their anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties, while flavonoids like vicenin-2 and orientin also present in the leaves exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The flowers of Ocimum basilicum are rich in flavonoids, including apigenin and luteolin, which possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antispasmodic properties, and also contain volatile oils like beta-caryophyllene and beta-pinene with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. The leaves are traditionally used for their carminative, antispasmodic, and anti-inflammatory properties to treat digestive issues and alleviate pain, while the flowers are used to treat respiratory issues, such as coughs and colds, due to their expectorant and anti-inflammatory properties.
The bioactive compounds present in both the leaves and flowers of Ocimum basilicum contribute to their medicinal properties, making them valuable for traditional medicine.
The following illustration give a summary of the most used parts of Ocimum basilicum in medicine.
The list below provides more details on what are the most used parts of Ocimum basilicum in medicine and why.
- Leaves: The leaves of this plant are rich in major bioactive compounds such as eugenol, linalool, and rosmarinic acid, which exhibit anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties, and are used to treat digestive issues, headaches, and respiratory problems, providing relief from nausea, pain, and congestion, as well as reducing inflammation and improving cognitive function.
- Flowers: The flowers of this plant contain major bioactive compounds like linalool, geraniol, and eugenol, which possess anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties, and are used to treat anxiety, insomnia, and skin conditions, providing relief from stress, promoting relaxation, and improving wound healing, as well as reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.
The table that follows gives a more complete list of healing constituents found in each part of Ocimum basilicum mentioned above.
| Part | Constituents |
|---|---|
| Leaves | Volatile oils, Flavonoids, Saponins, Rosmarinic acid, Oleanolic acid, Ursolic acid, Linalool, Eugenol, Methanolic glycosides |
| Flowers | Linalool, Linalyl acetate, Caryophyllene, Bisabolol, Ocimene, Eugenol, Flavonoids, Rosmarinic acid, Apigenin, Nepetalactone |
What are the most common medicinal preparations of Ocimum basilicum?
The most common herbal preparation of Ocimum basilicum for medicinal purposes are tinctures, used to alleviate digestive issues and anxiety, which contain a concentrated extract of the plant's leaves.
Capsules are another preparation, often standardized to contain a specific amount of the essential oils, particularly linalool and eugenol, for their anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. A salve is a topical preparation used to soothe skin irritations and wounds, taking advantage of the plant's antimicrobial and antifungal properties. Tea is a popular preparation, consumed for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, particularly in reducing fever and improving respiratory health.
Essential oil preparations are commonly used aromatically to relieve stress and improve mood, as well as topically to treat minor skin irritations and insect bites.
The following illustration give a summary of the most common medicinal preparations of Ocimum basilicum.
The list below provides more details on what are the most common medicinal preparations of Ocimum basilicum and what are their main uses.
- Tincture: Tincture made from this plant is used to treat insect bites, wounds, and gastrointestinal issues such as nausea and diarrhea, also used as an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory.
- Capsule: Capsule made from this plant is used to treat digestive issues, inflammation, and as an antimicrobial agent, due to its essential oils including eugenol and linalool.
- Salve: Salve made from this plant is used to treat insect bites, minor cuts and scrapes, and skin irritations due to its antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties.
- Tea: Tea made from this plant is used to treat digestive issues, reduce inflammation and improve respiratory health, with applications in relieving symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome, reducing pain and fever, and alleviating coughs and colds.
- Essential Oil: Essential oil made from this plant is used for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties to treat skin conditions, wounds, and respiratory infections, and to alleviate digestive issues and stress.
The table that follows shows what are the most used parts of Ocimum basilicum for each medicinal preparation.
| Preparation | Parts |
|---|---|
| Tincture | Leaves, Flowers |
| Capsule | Leaves, Leaves, Leaves, Flowers |
| Salve | Leaves, Flowers |
| Tea | Leaves, Leaves, Flowers |
| Essential oil | Leaves, Flowers |
Tincture
Ocimum basilicum tincture is a herbal preparation commonly used to treat various health issues, including digestive problems, anxiety, skin conditions, stress, respiratory issues, inflammation, pain, cold sores, and coughs.
It's a widely used preparation, often found in herbal medicine cabinets. Its effects are generally attributed to the bioactive compounds present, such as eugenol and linalool, which have been shown to reduce anxiety and inflammation. Ocimum basilicum tincture is typically made from the leaves and flowers of the Ocimum basilicum plant, which are steeped in a solvent, usually ethanol or glycerin.
The process of making this tincture is labor-intensive and requires careful control of variables, such as the ratio of plant material to solvent and the duration of steeping.
Below you find an image of Ocimum basilicum tincture.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Ocimum basilicum tincture.
- Gather fresh Ocimum basilicum leaves and flowers, clean them thoroughly, and dry them completely in a dark, well-ventilated area.
- Combine the dried Ocimum basilicum leaves and flowers in a glass jar, filling it to about 2/3 capacity.
- Pour a neutral solvent, such as vodka or glycerin, over the dried Ocimum basilicum mixture, ensuring that the herbs are completely covered.
- Allow the mixture to steep in a cool, dark place for 2-6 weeks, shaking the jar occasionally to facilitate extraction.
- Strain the Ocimum basilicum tincture through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter into another glass container, discarding the solids and transferring the tincture to a clean glass bottle for storage.
Capsule
Ocimum basilicum capsule is a herbal preparation used to treat anxiety, stress, inflammation, digestion issues, hypertension, skin problems, diabetes and fever.
It's a common used remedy due to its effectiveness in alleviating various health conditions. One of the common effects of Ocimum basilicum capsule is its ability to reduce inflammation and anxiety levels. The preparation is made from the leaves, leaves and flowers of the Ocimum basilicum plant.
Due to the specific requirements for cultivating and harvesting the plant's leaves and flowers, the production of Ocimum basilicum capsule is often considered hard to make.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Ocimum basilicum capsule.
- Harvest fresh Ocimum basilicum leaves and flowers from a clean and pesticide-free environment.
- Dry the Ocimum basilicum leaves and flowers in a cool, dark place for 7-10 days to remove excess moisture.
- Grind the dried Ocimum basilicum leaves and flowers into a fine powder using a coffee grinder or mortar and pestle.
- Mix the ground Ocimum basilicum leaves and flowers with a binding agent like gelatin or starch to create a uniform blend.
- Fill empty gelatin capsules with the Ocimum basilicum herbal powder and seal them to create the final product.
Salve
Ocimum basilicum salve is a topical preparation commonly used to treat minor cuts, bruises, burns, insect bites, skin irritations, wounds, cold sores, eczema, and psoriasis.
It's widely used due to its efficacy in promoting wound healing and reducing inflammation. Ocimum basilicum salve typically has an anti-inflammatory effect, reducing redness and swelling associated with skin irritations. The preparation is made with leaves and flowers of the Ocimum basilicum plant, which is rich in antioxidants and essential oils.
Despite its benefits, making Ocimum basilicum salve can be challenging due to the need for precise ratios of plant material, carrier oils, and extraction methods to achieve the desired potency.
Below you find an image of Ocimum basilicum salve.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Ocimum basilicum salve.
- Gather Ocimum basilicum leaves and flowers, and clean them thoroughly.
- Combine the cleaned leaves and flowers in a clean glass jar, and cover them with a carrier oil such as olive or coconut oil.
- Steep the mixture in a cool, dark place for 2-6 weeks, shaking the jar regularly, to allow the herbal properties to infuse into the oil.
- Strain the oil through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter into a clean glass container, discarding the solids.
- Add a natural preservative, such as vitamin E oil, to the infused oil and stir well to create the Ocimum basilicum herbal salve.
Tea
Ocimum basilicum tea is used to treat various health issues, including digestive problems, stress, cold, insomnia, anxiety, respiratory issues, inflammation, skin issues, and hypertension.
This preparation is very common due to its widespread use in traditional medicine, particularly in Indian and Middle Eastern cultures. A very common effect of consuming Ocimum basilicum tea is its ability to calm the nervous system and induce relaxation, which can help alleviate symptoms of anxiety and insomnia. Ocimum basilicum tea is made from the leaves, flowers, and stems of the Ocimum basilicum plant, which are typically harvested, dried, and then steeped in hot water.
Making Ocimum basilicum tea is relatively easy, as it only requires boiling water and the dried plant material, allowing users to brew a soothing and potentially beneficial herbal remedy at home.
Below you find an image of Ocimum basilicum tea.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Ocimum basilicum tea.
- Gather fresh Ocimum basilicum leaves and flowers from a trusted source.
- Rinse the Ocimum basilicum leaves and flowers thoroughly with clean water.
- Combine the cleaned Ocimum basilicum leaves and flowers in a heat-resistant bowl or teapot.
- Pour boiling water over the Ocimum basilicum mixture and let it steep for a few minutes.
- Strain the tea and serve it hot, either on its own or with a sweetener of your choice.
Essential Oil
Ocimum basilicum essential oil is used to treat stress, anxiety, insomnia, pain, digestion issues, infections, skin problems, and respiratory issues.
It's one of the most commonly used essential oils due to its widespread availability and effectiveness. The oil's common effect is its ability to promote relaxation and reduce inflammation. This essential oil is typically extracted from the leaves and flowers of the Ocimum basilicum plant.
However, due to the delicate nature of the plant, the extraction process is often challenging and requires skilled professionals.
Below you find an image of Ocimum basilicum essential oil.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Ocimum basilicum essential oil.
- Gather fresh leaves and flowers of Ocimum basilicum, commonly known as sweet basil.
- Wash the leaves and flowers thoroughly with distilled water to remove any impurities.
- Dry the leaves and flowers using a clean towel or by air-drying them in a shaded area.
- Using a steam distillation apparatus or a small-scale essential oil extractor, distill the dried Ocimum basilicum leaves and flowers to produce the herbal essential oil.
- Filter the essential oil to remove any impurities and store it in a clean, dark glass bottle for future use.
What are the possible side effects of Ocimum basilicum if used improperly?
The possible side effects of improperly using Ocimum basilicum are develops allergic reactions due to the presence of essential oils, gastrointestinal upset from consuming large amounts, produces interactions with medications like blood thinners, increases risk of bleeding due to its antiplatelet activity, and exacerbates respiratory issues in individuals with asthma.
Ocimum basilicum can also trigger hypersensitivity in people with sensitivities, manifests liver damage from prolonged consumption, induces nausea and vomiting due to its toxic compounds, and increases risk of kidney damage in individuals with pre-existing conditions. Furthermore, consuming Ocimum basilicum may raise blood pressure levels in individuals with hypertension, and individuals with liver disease should be cautious when using it.
The improper use of Ocimum basilicum may lead to various health complications, and it is essential to consult a healthcare professional before using it.
The most common side effects Ocimum basilicum gives people when used improperly are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Develops Allergic Reactions: Allergic contact dermatitis and urticaria can occur after topical exposure to Ocimum basilicum essential oil.
- Experiences Gastrointestinal Upset: Consumption of Ocimum basilicum causes nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain due to its essential oils, particularly eugenol and linalool.
- Produces Interactions With Medications: Ocimum basilicum may interact with antacids, anticoagulants, and other medications due to its salicylate content.
- Increases Risk Of Bleeding: Basil leaf consumption may interfere with platelet function and increase the risk of bleeding in patients taking anticoagulant medications such as warfarin and aspirin.
- Triggers Hypersensitivity: Ocimum basilicum essential oil causes skin irritation and allergic reactions in some individuals.
- Manifests Liver Damage: Basil leaf essential oil consumption has been associated with liver damage and liver necrosis due to oxidative stress and liver enzymes elevation.
- Exacerbates Respiratory Issues: Ocimum basilicum essential oil inhalation can trigger asthma attacks in susceptible individuals due to eugenol and linalool, which cause bronchospasm and increased mucus production.
- Induces Nausea And Vomiting: Basil essential oil contains estragole, a compound that causes nausea and vomiting in high doses.
- Increases Risk Of Kidney Damage: Ocimum basilicum contains compounds that may cause vasoconstriction, leading to reduced blood flow to kidneys, potentially resulting in kidney damage.
- Raises Blood Pressure Levels: Ocimum basilicum increases blood pressure in some individuals due to the presence of eugenol and linalool.
What are the precautions to take before using Ocimum basilicum medicinally?
The most important precautions you must take before using Ocimum basilicum for medicinal purposes are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Consult A Healthcare Professional: People with diabetes or low blood sugar should consult a healthcare professional.
- Use In Moderation: High doses of Ocimum basilicum extracts may cause liver damage, therefore excessive consumption should be avoided.
- Avoid During Pregnancy And Breastfeeding: Ocimum basilicum essential oil is not safe for use by pregnant or breastfeeding women due to its uterine stimulant properties and potential estrogen activity.
- Monitor Blood Sugar Levels: Ocimum basilicum may lower blood sugar levels, so diabetes medication dosage should be adjusted accordingly.
- Be Aware Of Allergy Risk: Some people are allergic to Ocimum basilicum and may experience skin irritation or other allergic reactions.
- Use Fresh Leaves Instead Of Dried: Fresh leaves are less prone to contamination and oxidation than dried leaves, which can reduce their potency and effectiveness.
- Avoid Combining With Blood Thinners: Combining Ocimum basilicum with blood thinners can increase the risk of bleeding.
- Watch For Interactions With Medications: Ocimum basilicum may interact with blood thinners, reducing their effectiveness.
- Use In Well-Ventilated Areas: Ocimum basilicum oil vapors may cause irritation or respiratory problems; use in areas with good air circulation.
- Store Safely Out Of Reach: Ocimum basilicum essential oil is highly toxic to children if ingested.
Are there scientific studies that prove the medical effectiveness of Ocimum basilicum?
Yes, there are several scientific studies that prove the medicianl effectiveness of Ocimum basilicum. Here are some studies that are worthy of notice.
According to a study published by Phytotherapy Research: PTR, the aqueous extract of Ocimum basilicum has been found to have significant hypolipidaemic effects, reducing plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol levels in rats with hyperlipidaemia. Furthermore, the extract was observed to increase HDL-cholesterol levels by 129% compared to the control group. The study suggests that Ocimum basilicum extract may contain hypolipidaemic and antioxidant substances, indicating its potential as a therapeutic tool in managing hyperlipidaemic conditions.
In another study published by "Chemico-biological interactions", the essential oil extracted from Ocimum basilicum has been found to possess significant anti-inflammatory properties. The study revealed that treatment with Ocimum basilicum essential oil reduced paw edema induced by carrageenan and dextran, as well as chronic inflammatory processes. Furthermore, the results showed that the essential oil was more efficacious in both acute and chronic anti-inflammatory action compared to its major component estragole.
A different research published by "Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)", Ocimum basilicum has been found to exhibit good antibacterial activity against several pathogenic bacteria. This natural antibacterial product contains secondary metabolites such as phenolics, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, and alkaloids, which contribute to its antibacterial properties. The use of Ocimum basilicum may provide a potential solution to overcome bacterial infections and reduce the risk of antibiotic resistance.
