By Leen Randell

Updated: Oct 22, 2024

What to know about Rosa rubiginosa before using it medicinally

Rosa rubiginosa, commonly known as sweet briar, is a medicinal herb primarily used to treat various health conditions, including digestive issues, respiratory problems, and menstrual disorders.

The main health benefits of this herb include its ability to reduce inflammation, act as a diuretic, and exhibit antimicrobial properties. Rosa rubiginosa's therapeutic properties include its astringent, anti-inflammatory, and antiseptic properties, which contribute to its medicinal uses. The bioactive compounds present in this herb include phenolic acids, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, which are responsible for its medicinal properties.

Rosa rubiginosa is often used to make teas, infusions, and tinctures, which are popular herbal preparations among those seeking to harness its medicinal benefits.

The following article explains in detail what are the medicinal uses of Rosa rubiginosa, its health benefits, therapeutic properties, bioactive compounds, used parts, and herbal preparation. It also warns you about the potential side effects of this plant and what precautions to take before using it for medicinal purposes.

ARTICLE SUMMARY: The table below summarizes the most crucial information about Rosa rubiginosa provided in the article below, which is useful if you are in a hurry and don't have time to dig deep into the very detailed content that follows.

BONUS CHEATSHEET: The cheatsheet below illustrates the most important medicinal aspects of Rosa rubiginosa. Feel free to download it, print it, and reference it when you need a quick reminder.

What are the main medicinal uses of Rosa rubiginosa?

The main medicinal uses of Rosa rubiginosa are for the relief of inflammation due to its content of flavonoids and phenolic acids, which have anti-inflammatory properties.

This plant is also used to treat diarrhea, thanks to its high tannin content, which acts as an astringent to reduce water loss in the intestines and slow down bacterial growth. Additionally, the leaves of Rosa rubiginosa contain terpenoids and saponins that help to alleviate symptoms of asthma by relaxing bronchial muscles and reducing inflammation. Rosa rubiginosa has been traditionally used to treat fever, rheumatism, and eczema due to its antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-pruritic properties, respectively, which are attributed to the presence of anthocyanins and phenolic acids.

Furthermore, the plant's flavonoids, terpenoids, and saponins have been found to reduce cough, anxiety, and the severity of skin infections such as acne and seborrheic dermatitis, and also provide relief from arthritis by reducing joint pain and inflammation.

The following illustration give a summary of the main medicinal uses of Rosa rubiginosa.

The list below provide more details on why Rosa rubiginosa is used to alleviate the health conditions mentioned in the illustration above.

• Diarrhea: This plant's extracts have been traditionally used to treat diarrhea due to its astringent and anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce inflammation and soothe the digestive tract.
• Asthma: The plant's extracts have been used to treat asthma due to its anti-inflammatory and bronchodilatory properties, which help to reduce inflammation and open up airways.
• Inflammation: This plant's extracts have been traditionally used to treat inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce swelling and ease pain.
• Fever: The plant's extracts have been used to treat fever due to its antipyretic properties, which help to reduce body temperature and alleviate symptoms associated with fever.
• Rheumatism: This plant's extracts have been traditionally used to treat rheumatism due to its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, which help to reduce inflammation and ease pain in the joints.
• Eczema: The plant's extracts have been used to treat eczema due to its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties, which help to reduce inflammation, soothe the skin, and prevent infection.
• Arthritis: This plant's extracts have been traditionally used to treat arthritis due to its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, which help to reduce inflammation and ease pain in the joints.
• Skin Infections: The plant's extracts have been used to treat skin infections due to its antiseptic and antibacterial properties, which help to prevent infection and promote healing.
• Digestive Issues: This plant's extracts have been traditionally used to treat digestive issues due to its astringent and anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce inflammation and soothe the digestive tract.
• Wounds: The plant's extracts have been used to treat wounds due to its antiseptic and antibacterial properties, which help to prevent infection and promote healing.

The table that follows gives an overview of what are the most common health conditions that are treated with Rosa rubiginosa, in each of the major medicinal systems.

Modern Western Medicine

In modern western medicine, Rosa rubiginosa is used to treat a variety of conditions, including inflammation, which is addressed through its anti-inflammatory properties that reduce redness and swelling.

Additionally, its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties make it an effective treatment for arthritis, providing relief from joint pain and stiffness. The plant's anxiolytic properties also help alleviate anxiety, promoting a sense of calm and relaxation. Furthermore, Rosa rubiginosa has been shown to have antidiabetic properties, which can help regulate blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes, as well as antineoplastic properties that inhibit cancer cell growth.

Its antimicrobial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties also make it effective in treating eczema, wounds, skin conditions, skin irritation, fungal infections, digestive issues, asthma, diarrhea, respiratory issues, fever, and cardiovascular disease, while also promoting wound healing and reducing symptoms of depression.

Traditional Chinese Medicine

In traditional Chinese medicine, Rosa rubiginosa is used to treat fever by inducing sweating, and its flowers and leaves are also used to alleviate diarrhea and asthma symptoms through their antispasmodic properties.

Additionally, the plant's anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties make it effective in treating inflammation, cough, and rheumatism, while its antiseptic and antibacterial properties help in treating eczema and menstrual issues. Rosa rubiginosa is also used to address digestive issues by regulating the gut and reducing symptoms of dyspepsia, as well as to soothe sore throat and bronchitis through its expectorant properties. Furthermore, its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties also make it effective in treating skin conditions, rheumatic arthritis, skin infections, tonsillitis, and respiratory issues, including anxiety and pneumonia.

The plant's analgesic properties also make it useful in treating toothache and other conditions.

Ayurvedic Medicine

In ayurvedic medicine, Rosa rubiginosa is used to treat skin infections, rheumatism, diarrhea, inflammation, and eczema, with its antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties effectively addressing these conditions.

Additionally, the plant's antipyretic properties make it beneficial in treating fever, while its carminative properties help alleviate digestive issues, including gastritis. Furthermore, Rosa rubiginosa has been found to be effective in managing asthma, menstrual issues such as menorrhagia, and wounds, due to its antiseptic and astringent properties. Moreover, the plant is used to treat fungal infections, hypertension, arthritis, diabetes, skin irritation, and anemia, showcasing its broad range of therapeutic applications.

The plant's anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties also make it a useful remedy for skin conditions.

Unani Medicine

In unani medicine, Rosa rubiginosa is used to treat various health conditions, including asthma, where it is used to alleviate respiratory distress by reducing inflammation and promoting easy breathing.

Rosa rubiginosa is also employed to cure diarrhea by regulating bowel movements and soothing the gastrointestinal tract. Fever is another condition treated with this plant, as it helps to reduce body temperature and alleviate associated symptoms. Additionally, rheumatism is treated with Rosa rubiginosa, which is used to reduce joint pain and inflammation, and eczema, where it is used to soothe and calm irritated skin.

Furthermore, Rosa rubiginosa is used to treat dyspepsia, gastritis, diabetes, menorrhagia, cough, vomiting, hemorrhoids, hypertension, respiratory infections, gout, menstrual issues, gastroenteritis, arthritis, and wounds, showcasing its versatility in unani medicine.

Homeopathic Medicine

In homeopathic medicine, Rosa rubiginosa is used to treat inflammation by reducing swelling and redness.

It is also utilized to alleviate asthma symptoms, such as shortness of breath and wheezing, by loosening mucus and promoting airway dilation. Additionally, Rosa rubiginosa is employed to treat arthritis, a condition characterized by joint pain and stiffness, as well as fever, which is often associated with infections. Furthermore, it is used to relieve rheumatism, a condition that causes chronic pain and inflammation in muscles and joints, and to calm anxiety by promoting relaxation and reducing stress.

Rosa rubiginosa is also beneficial for treating a range of other conditions, including migraines, wounds, skin irritation, skin allergies, diarrhea, cough, respiratory issues, eczema, skin issues, digestive issues, pain relief, infections, gastrointestinal issues, and stress.

What are the primary health benefits of Rosa rubiginosa?

Rosa rubiginosa antibacterial properties inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, thereby preventing infections and promoting a healthy environment.

Its anti-inflammatory action reduces swelling and alleviates pain, making it a valuable remedy for conditions like arthritis and sprains. The cardiovascular protection provided by Rosa rubiginosa is attributed to its ability to lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels, reducing the risk of heart disease. Digestive soothing effects are achieved through the plant's ability to regulate bowel movements and alleviate symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome.

Rosa rubiginosa also possesses antioxidant defenses, antiviral effects, immune system boost, neuroprotective benefits, cancer cell death inducing properties, and wound healing properties, all of which contribute to its reputation as a medicinal plant with a wide range of health benefits.

The following illustration give a summary of the primary health benefits of Rosa rubiginosa.

The list below provides more details on why Rosa rubiginosa offers the health benefits mentioned in the illustration above.

• Antibacterial Properties: This plant contains compounds that exhibit antibacterial activity, likely due to the presence of phenolic acids and flavonoids, which have been shown to inhibit the growth of various bacteria and their ability to produce toxins.
• Anti-Inflammatory Action: The plant's extracts have been found to possess anti-inflammatory properties, which are attributed to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids that can inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines.
• Cardiovascular Protection: The plant's bioactive compounds may help protect against cardiovascular disease by reducing inflammation, improving lipid profiles, and preventing the formation of blood clots, likely due to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids with vasoprotective and antioxidant activities.
• Digestive Soothing: The plant's extracts have been traditionally used to soothe digestive issues, such as diarrhea and dyspepsia, due to the presence of tannins and other bioactive compounds that can help reduce inflammation and improve gut health.
• Antioxidant Defenses: The plant's bioactive compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids, have been shown to possess antioxidant activity, which can help protect cells against oxidative damage, reduce inflammation, and prevent chronic diseases.
• Antiviral Effects: The plant's extracts have been found to exhibit antiviral activity against certain viruses, likely due to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids that can interfere with viral replication and attachment to host cells.
• Immune System Boost: The plant's bioactive compounds may help boost the immune system by increasing the production of cytokines, activating immune cells, and reducing inflammation, likely due to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids with immunomodulatory activities.
• Neuroprotective Benefits: The plant's extracts have been found to possess neuroprotective properties, which may help prevent or slow the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, due to the presence of bioactive compounds that can reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain.
• Cancer Cell Death: The plant's extracts have been found to induce apoptosis (cell death) in cancer cells, likely due to the presence of bioactive compounds that can interfere with cell signaling pathways, induce oxidative stress, and trigger programmed cell death.
• Wound Healing Properties: The plant's extracts have been traditionally used to promote wound healing, likely due to the presence of bioactive compounds that can reduce inflammation, improve tissue repair, and enhance collagen synthesis.

The table that follows gives an overview of what are the primary health benefits of Rosa rubiginosa for each of the major body system.

Circulatory System

Rosa rubiginosa improves blood flow by increasing nitric oxide production, a potent vasodilator, thereby reducing blood vessel resistance and enhancing circulation.

Enhancing circulation allows for a more efficient delivery of oxygen and nutrients to tissues and organs, which also lowers blood pressure by reducing cardiac workload and peripheral resistance. The flavonoids present in Rosa rubiginosa possess anti-inflammatory properties, reducing inflammation in blood vessels and promoting relaxation by mitigating stress and anxiety responses. Boosting oxygen levels in tissues is facilitated by the plant's ability to prevent blood clots and reduce vasoconstriction, allowing for increased blood flow and oxygen delivery.

Rosa rubiginosa also stabilizes heart rhythm by reducing arrhythmogenic factors and improves microcirculation by increasing capillary density, thereby optimizing tissue oxygenation and nutrient delivery.

The medicinal benefits of Rosa rubiginosa on the circulatory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Varicose veins
• High blood pressure
• Atherosclerosis
• Thrombosis
• Poor circulation

Digestive System

Rosa rubiginosa relieves bloating by its anti-gas properties, reducing discomfort in the abdominal area.

The plant's antioxidant properties also reduce inflammation, alleviating the swelling and pain associated with digestive issues. Rosa rubiginosa soothes diarrhea by its soothing effects on the gut lining, promoting a healthy balance of gut bacteria. The plant cures constipation due to its laxative properties, which stimulate bowel movements and prevent the buildup of waste.

Rosa rubiginosa eases nausea through its anti-emetic properties, which counteract the stomach's contractions, and heals ulcers by its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory actions, preventing infection and promoting tissue repair, while also fighting infections and preventing irritation, cleaning the intestines, and calming the gut through its soothing and protective effects.

The medicinal benefits of Rosa rubiginosa on the digestive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Irritable bowel syndrome
• Constipation
• Diarrhea
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease
• Gastrointestinal inflammation
• Peptic ulcer

Endocrine System

Rosa rubiginosa regulates hormonal imbalances by exerting its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which counteract the effects of oxidative stress on the endocrine system.

The plant's ability to balance thyroid function stems from its flavonoid and phenolic content, which modulate the activity of thyroid hormones and enzymes involved in thyroid metabolism. Rosa rubiginosa supports adrenal health by providing adaptogenic properties, allowing the body to adapt to stress and maintain homeostasis in the adrenal glands. Improving insulin sensitivity is another benefit of Rosa rubiginosa, attributed to its polyphenol content that enhances glucose uptake in cells and improves insulin signaling pathways.

Additionally, Rosa rubiginosa reduces cortisol levels due to its flavonoid content, which inhibits the activity of cortisol-producing enzymes, and stabilizes blood sugar levels, while also enhancing ovarian function and promoting pancreatic health, and synchronizing the reproductive cycle by regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, and ameliorating menopausal symptoms through its estrogenic and anti-estrogenic properties.

The medicinal benefits of Rosa rubiginosa on the endocrine system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Polycystic ovary syndrome
• Thyroid hyperfunction
• Menopause symptoms
• Ovarian cysts
• Endometriosis

Integumentary System

Rosa rubiginosa protects skin from damage and degradation by its antioxidant properties, which neutralize free radicals that cause oxidative stress.

The anti-inflammatory medicinal properties of Rosa rubiginosa reduce inflammation, a key factor in various skin conditions. Additionally, its antimicrobial properties eliminate bacteria that cause infections and soothe irritations caused by them. It also fights oxidation by scavenging free radicals, thereby preventing the formation of reactive oxygen species that can cause damage to skin cells.

Furthermore, Rosa rubiginosa has antiseptic properties that cool burns, heal wounds, moisturize skin, and neutralize acids, helping to stabilize the skin's pH balance.

The medicinal benefits of Rosa rubiginosa on the integumentary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Eczema
• Acne
• Wounds
• Inflammation
• Burns
• Ulcers

Lymphatic System

Rosa rubiginosa reduces swelling due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes, thereby alleviating edema.

Boosting circulation is another benefit of this plant, as its vasodilatory properties, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, relax blood vessels and increase blood flow, promoting the removal of waste products. Lowering inflammation is also achieved through the antioxidant properties of Rosa rubiginosa, which neutralize free radicals and prevent oxidative stress, thereby reducing inflammation and promoting a healthy environment. Improving lymph flow is facilitated by the plant's lymphatic-stimulating properties, which enhance the removal of waste products and toxins from the body, supporting a balanced lymphatic system.

Rosa rubiginosa's antimicrobial and antioxidant properties enhance detoxification, increase antibody production, reduce toxin levels, promote relaxation, and reduce pain, ultimately supporting a healthy immune system and overall well-being.

The medicinal benefits of Rosa rubiginosa on the lymphatic system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Lymphadenitis
• Lymphedema
• Lymphangitis
• Fibromyalgia
• Chronic fatigue syndrome
• Eczema
• Psoriasis

Musculoskeletal System

Rosa rubiginosa relieves pain through its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, reducing the production of pro-inflammatory mediators in the body.

Rosa rubiginosa reduces inflammation by exhibiting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, which help to neutralize free radicals and inhibit the activity of pro-inflammatory enzymes. The plant's flavonoids and phenolic acids improve mobility by enhancing blood flow and reducing oxidative stress, allowing for better joint function and movement. Rosa rubiginosa stimulates healing through its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, promoting tissue repair and regeneration, and reducing the risk of infection.

Rosa rubiginosa boosts flexibility and eases stiffness by maintaining joint health and preventing the degradation of connective tissue, reducing the risk of degeneration and promoting relaxation, while also reducing swelling through its diuretic and anti-inflammatory effects, and ultimately fights arthritis by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.

The medicinal benefits of Rosa rubiginosa on the musculoskeletal system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Arthritis
• Gout
• Rheumatism
• Muscle spasms
• Inflammation

Nervous System

Rosa rubiginosa calm brain wave patterns by regulating neurotransmitter activity and promoting the release of serotonin and GABA.

Reduce stress levels through its antioxidant properties, which neutralize free radicals and protect the nervous system from oxidative damage. Rosa rubiginosa relieve anxiety attacks by acting as a natural anxiolytic, modulating the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and reducing the production of stress hormones like cortisol. Boost mood energy through its flavonoid content, which has been shown to increase the expression of genes involved in mood regulation.

Rosa rubiginosa regulate sleep patterns, stabilize nervous system function, soothe frayed nerves, improve focus clarity, enhance cognitive function, and promote relaxation response through its sedative properties, which are attributed to its essential oils and polyphenolic compounds.

The medicinal benefits of Rosa rubiginosa on the nervous system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Anxiety
• Depression
• Insomnia
• Hypertension
• Pms
• Adrenal fatigue
• Stress

Reproductive System

Rosa rubiginosa regulate menstrual cycles by reducing prostaglandins, thus alleviating symptoms of menstrual cramps and dysmenorrhea, which are caused by the anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic properties of the plant's flavonoids and phenolic acids.

Rosa rubiginosa relieve menopausal symptoms by increasing estrogenic activity, which is attributed to its estrogenic flavonoids, such as kaempferol and quercetin, that stimulate the production of estrogen and alleviate hot flashes and night sweats. Rosa rubiginosa stimulate hormonal balance by modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis due to its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, which protect the reproductive system from oxidative stress and infections, thus promoting the health of the ovaries and uterus. Rosa rubiginosa reduce androgenic activity by inhibiting the conversion of androgens to estrogens, thanks to its anti-aromatase activity, which decreases the risk of androgen-related disorders, such as hirsutism and acne.

Rosa rubiginosa improve fertility by increasing the production of progesterone, which is essential for implantation and embryonic development, due to its anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic properties that relax the uterine muscles and create a favorable environment for fertilization.

The medicinal benefits of Rosa rubiginosa on the reproductive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Menstrual pain
• Endometriosis
• Infertility
• Menopause
• Ovarian cysts

Respiratory System

Rosa rubiginosa relieve congestion by releasing volatile oils that act as expectorants, loosening mucus in the airways.

Its anti-inflammatory properties reduce inflammation, which can contribute to respiratory issues. Rosa rubiginosa also ease breathing by opening airways and relaxing bronchial muscles, making it easier to inhale and exhale. Additionally, its antimicrobial properties prevent infections by inhibiting the growth of pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses, that can cause respiratory illnesses.

Rosa rubiginosa soothe irritation in the throat and lungs with its antioxidant properties, calming coughs and regulating allergies, which can lead to lung protection by shielding against oxidative stress.

The medicinal benefits of Rosa rubiginosa on the respiratory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Asthma
• Allergies
• Bronchitis
• Cough
• Inflammation
• Sinusitis

Urinary System

Rosa rubiginosa prevents kidney damage due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which protect kidney cells from oxidative stress and inflammation.

The plant reduces urine infections through its antimicrobial properties, inhibiting the growth of pathogens that cause infections. Rosa rubiginosa relieves bladder issues, such as overactive bladder, through its relaxant properties, which calm muscle spasms and improve bladder control. The plant prevents urinary stones by reducing mineral crystallization, a process facilitated by its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which minimize the formation of stones.

Rosa rubiginosa also soothes bladder irritation, relaxes the urinary tract, prevents kidney infections, reduces prostate swelling, and prevents enlarged prostate due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and relaxant properties, promoting a healthy urinary system.

The medicinal benefits of Rosa rubiginosa on the urinary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Kidney stones
• Urinary tract infections
• Bladder inflammation
• Prostate issues
• Urinary incontinence

What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Rosa rubiginosa?

The therapeutic properties of Rosa rubiginosa are attributed to its antimicrobial activity, which is due to the presence of phenolic compounds that inhibit the growth of microorganisms.

The antioxidant properties of this plant are associated with the scavenging of free radicals, thereby protecting against oxidative stress, and are mainly attributed to the flavonoids and phenolic acids. Rosa rubiginosa's anti-inflammatory properties are exhibited through the inhibition of pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines, which is attributed to the bioactive compounds, including saponins and phenolic acids. This plant also exhibits analgesic properties, which are thought to be mediated by the action of saponins on pain receptors, thereby reducing pain perception.

Additionally, the antispasmodic, anticancer, and other therapeutic properties of Rosa rubiginosa are attributed to its bioactive compounds, including volatile oils and terpenoids, which modulate cellular pathways to exert their effects.

The following illustration give a summary of the dominant therapeutic properties of Rosa rubiginosa.

The list below provides more details on why Rosa rubiginosa has the therapeutic properties mentioned in the illustration above.

• Antimicrobial: Rosa rubiginosa exhibits antimicrobial properties, particularly against certain bacteria and fungi, due to the presence of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and phenolic acids in its extracts, which inhibit the growth of microorganisms and prevent the spread of infections.
• Antioxidant: Rosa rubiginosa possesses antioxidant properties, attributed to the presence of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and other bioactive compounds, which neutralize free radicals and protect cells from oxidative damage, potentially contributing to the prevention of chronic diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease.
• Anti-Inflammatory: Rosa rubiginosa extracts have been found to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, mediated by the presence of flavonoids and other bioactive compounds, which inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines, thereby reducing inflammation and alleviating conditions such as arthritis and other inflammatory diseases.
• Analgesic: Rosa rubiginosa possesses analgesic properties, attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, which have been found to have pain-relieving effects, potentially due to their ability to inhibit the production of pain-related neurotransmitters and enzymes.
• Antispasmodic: Rosa rubiginosa extracts have been found to exhibit antispasmodic properties, mediated by the presence of flavonoids and other bioactive compounds, which relax smooth muscles and reduce muscle spasms, potentially alleviating conditions such as asthma, bronchitis, and other respiratory disorders.
• Anticancer: Rosa rubiginosa has been found to exhibit anticancer properties, attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, which have been found to inhibit the growth of cancer cells, induce apoptosis, and prevent the formation of new blood vessels, potentially contributing to the prevention and treatment of various types of cancer.

What are the major healing constituents of Rosa rubiginosa?

The healing constituents of Rosa rubiginosa are primarily comprised of flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol, which have been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Additionally, the plant contains phenolic acids and other flavonoids that contribute to its antioxidant activity, helping to protect cells from oxidative damage. Saponins present in Rosa rubiginosa are known to exhibit anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, which can aid in wound healing and the prevention of infection. The phenolic acids in Rosa rubiginosa have also been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory effects, helping to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms associated with conditions such as arthritis.

The combination of these bioactive compounds in Rosa rubiginosa contributes to its potential therapeutic applications in the treatment of various conditions, including inflammation and oxidative stress-related diseases.

The following illustration give a summary of the major healing consitutents of Rosa rubiginosa.

The list below provides more details on what are the major healing constituents of Rosa rubiginosa and why they are important for health.

• Quercetin: Quercetin is a flavonoid compound found in Rosa rubiginosa, exhibiting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and free radical scavenging properties.
• Phenolic acids: Phenolic acids are a type of bioactive compound found in Rosa rubiginosa, possessing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
• Flavonoids: Flavonoids are water-soluble plant compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties.
• Saponins: Saponins are a type of glycoside found in Rosa rubiginosa, exhibiting surfactant properties, hemolytic activity, and the ability to form stable foams in water.
• Kaempferol: Kaempferol is a flavonoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
• Rosmarinic acid: A phenolic diterpene with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
• Triterpenoids: Triterpenoids are a class of medicinal constituent in Rosa rubiginosa, exhibiting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
• Anthocyanins: Anthocyanins are highly antioxidant and anti-inflammatory flavonoid pigments with anti-diabetic, anti-cancer and anti-microbial properties.
• Tannins: Astringent and antiseptic constituent of Rosa rubiginosa with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties.
• Ellagic acid: A polyphenol antioxidant with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, showing potential in cancer prevention and cardiovascular health.

The table that follows estimates the relative concentrations of the main medicinal constituents contained in Rosa rubiginosa and lists the most relevant medicinal properties of each constituent based on the corresponding concentrations.

What are the most used parts of Rosa rubiginosa in medicine?

The most used parts of Rosa rubiginosa for medicinal purposes are flowers and leaves.

The flowers of Rosa rubiginosa contain flavonoids, phenolic acids, and essential oils, which are primarily responsible for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. The leaves of Rosa rubiginosa are rich in flavonoids, phenolic acids, and saponins, and are primarily used for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. The flavonoids present in the leaves and flowers of Rosa rubiginosa are also known to exhibit analgesic and anti-arthritic activities.

The bioactive compounds present in the flowers and leaves of Rosa rubiginosa contribute to their traditional use in treating various health conditions, including fever, rheumatism, and skin disorders.

The following illustration give a summary of the most used parts of Rosa rubiginosa in medicine.

The list below provides more details on what are the most used parts of Rosa rubiginosa in medicine and why.

• Flowers: The flowers of this plant are rich in flavonoids, particularly quercetin and kaempferol, and contain phenolic acids, which exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, contributing to their ability to protect against cardiovascular disease, reduce inflammation, and possess antimicrobial and antiviral activities.
• Leaves: The leaves of this plant are a source of salicylic acid, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, which display anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiseptic properties, offering relief from pain, reducing fever, and protecting against infections, while also exhibiting antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities.

The table that follows gives a more complete list of healing constituents found in each part of Rosa rubiginosa mentioned above.

What are the most common medicinal preparations of Rosa rubiginosa?

The most common herbal preparation of Rosa rubiginosa for medicinal purposes are tinctures, which are used to treat digestive issues such as constipation and diarrhea due to their ability to stimulate bowel movements and improve gut health.

Salves are also utilized, particularly for topical applications, to soothe and calm irritated skin conditions like eczema and dermatitis. Essential oil extracted from Rosa rubiginosa is valued for its antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties, making it useful for wound healing and relieving pain. Decoctions, often made from the flowers and leaves, are employed to ease respiratory issues like bronchitis and coughs due to their expectorant and anti-inflammatory effects.

Tea, a more gentle preparation, is consumed to promote relaxation, reduce stress, and help alleviate symptoms of anxiety and insomnia.

The following illustration give a summary of the most common medicinal preparations of Rosa rubiginosa.

The list below provides more details on what are the most common medicinal preparations of Rosa rubiginosa and what are their main uses.

• Tincture: Tincture made from this plant is used to treat menstrual irregularities, relieve menopausal symptoms and as a uterine tonic.
• Salve: Salve made from this plant is used to treat wounds, inflammation, and skin irritations, including eczema, acne, and minor cuts.
• Essential Oil: Essential oil made from this plant is used for its anti-inflammatory, antiseptic and antiviral properties to treat wounds, skin conditions, and respiratory issues, and as an insect repellent.
• Decoction: Decoction made from this plant is used to treat diarrhea, fever, and rheumatism, as well as to stimulate digestion and circulation.
• Tea: Tea made from this plant is used to treat menstrual disorders, reduce inflammation and relieve symptoms of menopausal hot flashes, as well as to ease coughs and sore throats.

The table that follows shows what are the most used parts of Rosa rubiginosa for each medicinal preparation.

Tincture

Rosa rubiginosa tincture is used to treat a range of conditions including premenstrual syndrome (PMS), menorrhagia, vaginitis, endometriosis, leucorrhea and hysteria.

It's a very commonly used preparation, often included in herbal medicine formulas. One of the most noticeable effects of Rosa rubiginosa tincture is its ability to reduce bleeding and alleviate menstrual cramps. The tincture is made from the flowers of the Rosa rubiginosa plant, which are rich in bioactive compounds.

The process of making Rosa rubiginosa tincture is moderately difficult, requiring the correct ratio of plant material to solvent, as well as precise extraction and filtering techniques to ensure a high-quality final product.

Below you find an image of Rosa rubiginosa tincture.

Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Rosa rubiginosa tincture.

1. Harvest Rosa rubiginosa flowers at their peak potency and clean them thoroughly to remove any debris or contaminants.
2. Combine the cleaned Rosa rubiginosa flowers with a neutral solvent, such as vodka or glycerin, in a clean glass jar to create the tincture base.
3. Allow the mixture to macerate for a period of several weeks, shaking the jar regularly to facilitate the extraction of the plant's active compounds.
4. Strain the tincture base through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter to remove the Rosa rubiginosa flowers and obtain a clear liquid extract.
5. Transfer the Rosa rubiginosa herbal tincture to a clean glass bottle, and store it in a cool, dark place to preserve its potency and shelf life.

Salve

Rosa rubiginosa salve is a herbal preparation used to treat various skin issues including bruises, burns, wound healing, acne, cuts, eczema, insect bites, rashes, chafing and scars.

This preparation is commonly used due to its effectiveness and ease of application. One common effect of using Rosa rubiginosa salve is its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, which help to soothe and heal the skin. The salve is typically made with the flowers and leaves of the Rosa rubiginosa plant, which contain compounds with known medicinal properties.

While making Rosa rubiginosa salve can be moderately difficult due to the need to correctly identify and prepare the plant material, it remains a popular choice among herbalists and natural remedy enthusiasts.

Below you find an image of Rosa rubiginosa salve.

Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Rosa rubiginosa salve.

1. Gather Rosa rubiginosa flowers and leaves, and clean them thoroughly.
2. Combine the cleaned flowers and leaves in a large pot, and cover them with carrier oil, such as olive or grapeseed oil.
3. Heat the mixture over low heat for several hours, allowing the herbs to infuse into the oil, stirring occasionally.
4. Strain the mixture through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter into a clean container, discarding the solids.
5. Add a natural preservative, such as vitamin E oil, to the infused oil, and mix well to create the Rosa rubiginosa herbal salve.

Essential Oil

Rosa rubiginosa essential oil is used to treat anxiety, skin issues, pain, inflammation, wounds, and fever.

It is a common preparation used in aromatherapy and herbal medicine. One of the common effects of this oil is its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, which provide relief from pain and reduce inflammation. The oil is made by steam distillation of the flowers of the Rosa rubiginosa plant, which is a fragrant and flowering shrub native to Europe and Asia.

Due to the delicate nature of the flowers, the process of making this essential oil is hard, as it requires careful control of temperature and pressure to extract the oil without damaging the plant material.

Below you find an image of Rosa rubiginosa essential oil.

Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Rosa rubiginosa essential oil.

1. Harvest fresh Rosa rubiginosa flowers at dawn to ensure maximum oil content and potency.
2. Gently rinse the flowers with distilled water to remove any dirt or debris.
3. Steam distill the Rosa rubiginosa flowers using a distillation apparatus to release the essential oil.
4. Collect the distilled essential oil and allow it to settle for a few hours to separate from the water.
5. Filter the essential oil through a coffee filter or cheesecloth to remove any remaining impurities.

Decoction

Rosa rubiginosa decoction is a herbal preparation used to treat various conditions, including diarrhea, fever, inflammation, skin irritation, and wounds.

It's a commonly used remedy due to its effectiveness and availability. One of its common effects is the reduction of inflammation and the promotion of wound healing. This preparation is made by combining leaves and flowers of the Rosa rubiginosa plant in water and then boiling them to create a decoction.

The process of making Rosa rubiginosa decoction is moderately difficult, requiring some knowledge of herbalism and attention to detail, but the end result is a valuable medicine for those who need it.

Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Rosa rubiginosa decoction.

1. Gather Rosa rubiginosa leaves and flowers from a trusted source.
2. Rinse the leaves and flowers thoroughly with clean water to remove any dirt or debris.
3. Combine the leaves and flowers in a clean pot and add a sufficient amount of water to cover them.
4. Bring the mixture to a boil, then reduce the heat to a simmer and let it steep for an extended period of time.
5. Strain the decoction through a cheesecloth or a fine-mesh sieve into a clean container, discarding the solids.

Tea

Rosa rubiginosa tea is a herbal preparation used to treat a range of issues, including diarrhea, digestive issues, inflammation, hiccups, cold, fever, sore throat, and gastritis.

It's a very common herbal remedy, widely used due to its effectiveness. One of its most common effects is reducing inflammation and alleviating digestive discomfort. The preparation is typically made with the flowers and leaves of the Rosa rubiginosa plant, which are steeped in hot water to create a soothing tea.

Making Rosa rubiginosa tea is relatively simple, requiring only the plant material, hot water, and a container to steep the mixture.

Below you find an image of Rosa rubiginosa tea.

Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Rosa rubiginosa tea.

1. Gather fresh Rosa rubiginosa flowers and leaves from a trusted source.
2. Rinse the flowers and leaves thoroughly with clean water to remove any dirt or impurities.
3. Combine the flowers and leaves in a clean muslin bag or a piece of cheesecloth.
4. Steep the flowers and leaves in boiling water for a few minutes to release their herbal properties.
5. Strain the tea and discard the solids, then serve the Rosa rubiginosa herbal tea hot or iced.

What are the possible side effects of Rosa rubiginosa if used improperly?

The possible side effects of improperly using Rosa rubiginosa are experiencing allergic reactions, such as hives and itchy skin, due to the plant's allergenic properties.

Developing skin irritation, characterized by redness and inflammation, is also a potential consequence of mishandling Rosa rubiginosa. Suffering from gastrointestinal issues, including nausea and vomiting, can occur if the plant's toxic compounds are ingested. Experiencing cardiovascular problems, like palpitations and arrhythmias, may result from the plant's potential to interact with certain medications.

Furthermore, improperly using Rosa rubiginosa can lead to experiencing respiratory complications, such as asthma-like symptoms, suffering from hepatotoxicity, which involves liver damage, and even renal failure, as well as experiencing neurological damage, developing hormonal imbalances, and experiencing phototoxicity, characterized by an increased sensitivity to sunlight.

The most common side effects Rosa rubiginosa gives people when used improperly are listed below, along with a brief explanation.

• Experiencing Allergic Reactions: Contact dermatitis, urticaria, and anaphylaxis occur due to Rosa rubiginosa allergens
• Developing Skin Irritation: Contact with Rosa rubiginosa plant sap causes skin irritation due to the presence of urushiol-related allergenic compounds.
• Suffering From Gastrointestinal Issues: Rosa rubiginosa contains amygdalin, which releases cyanide, a toxic compound, that can cause gastrointestinal issues when ingested.
• Experiencing Cardiovascular Problems: Rosa rubiginosa contains cardiac glycosides, which can cause tachycardia and arrhythmias.
• Suffering From Respiratory Complications: Inhalation of Rosa rubiginosa's pollen and volatile oils can cause respiratory irritation, inflammation and difficulty breathing.
• Experiencing Hepatotoxicity: Rosa rubiginosa contains gallic acid and other tannins which cause liver damage and inflammation
• Suffering From Renal Failure: Consumption of Rosa rubiginosa causes nephrotoxic compounds to accumulate in kidneys, leading to renal failure.
• Experiencing Neurological Damage: Ingestion of Rosa rubiginosa can cause cyanide poisoning, leading to neurological damage and death.
• Developing Hormonal Imbalances: Rosa rubiginosa phytoestrogens may interfere with estrogen receptors and disrupt normal hormonal activity.
• Experiencing Phototoxicity: Prolonged exposure to sunlight after handling Rosa rubiginosa causes skin to become severely sunburned due to formation of furocoumarins.

What are the precautions to take before using Rosa rubiginosa medicinally?

The precautions to take before using Rosa rubiginosa medicinally are consulting a doctor before use to ensure safe usage, especially for individuals with pre-existing health conditions, and using it in moderation to avoid potential side effects.

It is also essential to avoid using Rosa rubiginosa during pregnancy, as it may stimulate the uterus and cause complications. Furthermore, breastfeeding women should avoid using this plant medicinally, as its effects on infants are unknown. Additionally, individuals should be aware of allergic reactions, such as skin irritation or respiratory issues, and use Rosa rubiginosa under proper identification, as incorrect identification can lead to adverse effects.

To minimize risks, it is crucial to avoid mixing Rosa rubiginosa with other herbs, monitor blood pressure regularly, watch for signs of interaction with other medications, and follow proper preparation methods to ensure the quality and potency of the plant.

The most important precautions you must take before using Rosa rubiginosa for medicinal purposes are listed below, along with a brief explanation.

• Consult A Doctor Before Use: Rosa rubiginosa may interact with other medications or exacerbate certain health conditions; consult a doctor before use.
• Use In Moderation: Rosa rubiginosa contains glycosides and tannins, which are toxic in large amounts.
• Avoid During Pregnancy: Rosa rubiginosa contains salicylic acid, which can stimulate uterine contractions.
• Avoid During Breastfeeding: Rosa rubiginosa contains salycilates and tannins, which can be excreted into breast milk, potentially causing gastrointestinal upset in the infant.
• Be Aware Of Allergic Reactions: Some people experience skin irritation or contact dermatitis after handling Rosa rubiginosa due to the presence of urushiol.
• Use Under Proper Identification: Rosa rubiginosa should be used only after proper identification to distinguish it from other species that may be toxic.
• Avoid Mixing With Other Herbs: Rosa rubiginosa is incompatible with certain herbs, specifically those with antispasmodic or anticholinergic properties.
• Monitor Blood Pressure: Rosa rubiginosa contains salicylic acid, which may have a blood-thinning effect similar to aspirin, potentially interacting with anticoagulant medications and exacerbating hypotension.
• Watch For Signs Of Interaction: Rosa rubiginosa seeds and leaves contain gallic acid, which can cause skin irritation and allergic reactions in some individuals.
• Follow Proper Preparation Methods: Rosa rubiginosa sap can cause skin irritation if not properly protected with gloves and protective clothing.

Are there scientific studies that prove the medical effectiveness of Rosa rubiginosa?

Yes, there are several scientific studies that prove the medicianl effectiveness of Rosa rubiginosa. Here are some studies that are worthy of notice.

According to a study published by "Advances in experimental medicine and biology", Rosa rubiginosa has been found to possess several beneficial properties, including anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anti-constipation, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective activities. This suggests that it may help alleviate various health issues, such as inflammation and cardiovascular problems, while also providing potential protection for the brain and nervous system. Additionally, the wide range of chemical compounds present in Rosa rubiginosa, including ascorbic acid (vitamin C), may contribute to its medicinal properties.

In another study published by "International journal of molecular sciences", Rosa rubiginosa has been found to possess antioxidant effects due to its phytochemical composition, which includes ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, and healthy fatty acids. This antioxidant activity has been linked to the potential treatment of various health disorders, such as skin disorders, hepatotoxicity, and inflammatory disorders. As a result, Rosa rubiginosa may serve as a valuable natural remedy for the prevention and treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases.

A different research published by "Frontiers in pharmacology", the use of Rosa rubiginosa extracts in skincare formulations has shown positive effects in treating various skin disorders, including scarring, hyperpigmentation, wrinkles, and atopic dermatitis. Rosa rubiginosa is rich in vitamin C, a key phytonutrient that plays a significant role in promoting wound healing, collagen synthesis, and anti-aging effects. The study highlights the potential of Rosa rubiginosa extracts as medicinal agents against multiple skin conditions, making them a promising agent in the skincare industry.

Related herbs to Rosa rubiginosa?

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Rubia cordifolia