What to know about Chrysanthemum morifolium (chrysanth) before using it medicinally

Chrysanthemum morifolium, commonly known as chrysanth, is an herb that has been extensively studied for its impressive health benefits, particularly its ability to reduce inflammation and improve cardiovascular health.

From a horticultural standpoint, Chrysanthemum morifolium is a versatile and widely cultivated ornamental plant that thrives in well-drained soil and full sun, making it a popular choice for gardens and floral arrangements. Botanically speaking, the herb belongs to the Asteraceae family and is characterized by its daisy-like flowers and strong, pungent scent.

Historically, Chrysanthemum morifolium has been referenced in traditional Chinese medicine for over 3,000 years, with its flowers and leaves used to treat a variety of ailments, including fever, rheumatism, and digestive issues.

This article explains the medicinal, horticultural, botanical, and historical aspects of Chrysanthemum morifolium.

What are the medicinal properties of Chrysanthemum morifolium?

Chrysanthemum morifolium helps with fever reduction, headaches, and inflammatory conditions. Its extracts are also used to treat skin disorders, such as eczema and acne. The plant is also used in traditional medicine to treat respiratory issues, including coughs and bronchitis.

The active constituents of Chrysanthemum morifolium responsible for its medicinal properties include flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids. These compounds have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant effects, which contribute to the plant's therapeutic benefits. These constituents also have potential antiviral properties.

The most commonly used parts of Chrysanthemum morifolium for medicinal purposes are the flowers, leaves, and roots. The flowers are used to treat fever and headaches, while the leaves are used to treat skin disorders and respiratory issues. The roots are used to treat inflammatory conditions and to enhance the effects of other medicinal compounds.

Improper use of Chrysanthemum morifolium can cause allergic reactions, such as skin rashes, itching, and anaphylaxis. The plant's extracts may also interact with certain medications, including blood thinners, and may worsen underlying health conditions, such as kidney or liver disease.

To use Chrysanthemum morifolium medicinally, it is essential to follow the recommended dosages and preparation methods. Pregnant women and individuals with certain health conditions should consult a healthcare professional before using the plant. Additionally, individuals taking medications should monitor their blood pressure and blood sugar levels while using the plant.

What are the horticulural aspects of Chrysanthemum morifolium?

Chrysanthemum morifolium grow best in well-draining soil with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5. They require full sun to partial shade, with temperatures between 65°F and 70°F (18°C and 21°C) for optimal growth.

For planting, choose a location with good air circulation and space chrysanth plants 12 to 18 inches apart. Plant the roots of the crown 1 to 2 inches deeper than the soil surface, and water thoroughly after planting. Chrysanthemum seeds can also be directly sown in the ground in the spring or fall.

Chrysanthemum flowers can be harvested in the late summer to early fall, when the blooms are in full color. Cut off the flower stalk at a 45-degree angle, leaving about 2 inches of stem attached to the plant. Remove any spent flowers to promote further blooming.

Common pests and diseases affecting chrysanth include aphids, whiteflies, and spider mites, as well as root rot, powdery mildew, and leaf spot caused by fungal infections. Regularly inspect the plant for signs of infestation or disease, and take action promptly if necessary to prevent further damage.

What are the botanical aspects of Chrysanthemum morifolium?

Chrysanthemum morifolium is a flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is an herbaceous perennial with a taproot and erect stems, reaching 0.6 to 1.8 meters in height. Leaves are ovate, coarsely toothed, and alternate.

Taxonomically, Chrysanthemum morifolium is classified as a species within the genus Chrysanthemum, which belongs to the family Asteraceae. The plant's classification is: Kingdom: Plantae, Clade: Angiosperms, Clade: Eudicots, Clade: Asterids.

The plant has several variants, including cultivars, hybrids, and varieties. Some popular cultivars include 'Sheffield Pink', 'Yellow Charlie', and 'Red Charm'. These variants have been developed for their unique flower colors, shapes, and growth habits.

Chrysanthemum morifolium is native to China, but has been naturalized in many parts of Asia, Europe, and North America. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions, and is often used in floral arrangements and bouquets.

The life cycle of Chrysanthemum morifolium is a perennial cycle, with the plant growing from a dormant taproot in spring, producing flowers in summer, and dying back to the ground in autumn. The plant typically requires a period of cold stratification to induce dormancy and promote regrowth in the following year.

What are the historical aspects of Chrysanthemum morifolium?

Chrysanthemum morifolium is a flowering plant that has been cultivated for centuries in China, Japan, and Korea for its medicinal, ornamental, and culinary uses. In traditional Chinese medicine, chrysanthemum flowers are used to treat fever, headache, and skin conditions.

In Japanese mythology, the chrysanthemum is associated with the sun goddess Amaterasu, who is said to have descended from the heavens to Earth on a chrysanthemum flower. In Korea, the chrysanthemum is considered a symbol of longevity and good fortune.

Chrysanthemum flowers have been imbued with symbolic meanings across cultures, including longevity, honor, and loyalty in China, and fidelity and devotion in Japan. In Korea, the chrysanthemum is a symbol of filial piety.

Historical texts, such as the Shennong Ben Cao Jing (Divine Farmer's Classic of Agriculture) from China and the Honzō Monogatari (Tale of the Plants) from Japan, have documented the cultivation and use of chrysanthemum flowers. The texts provide insights into the plant's medicinal, ornamental, and culinary properties.

Archaeological artifacts, such as ceramics and textiles from ancient Chinese, Japanese, and Korean dynasties, often feature depictions of chrysanthemum flowers, highlighting the plant's significance in the region's art and culture.