maize
Zea mays · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Extensive (1859 studies) · ★★★★★
Maize, scientifically known as Zea mays, is more than a dietary staple; it holds significant medicinal potential. Rich in bioactive compounds like antioxidants and lutein, it supports eye health and combats inflammation. Traditionally used in various cultures, this versatile cereal offers promising therapeutic benefits for modern nutritional and holistic wellness.
- Family
- Poaceae
- Native range
- Europe
- Parts used
- Root · Leaf
- Common names
- Maize · Corn · 3 more
- Scientific synonyms
- Thalysia Mays
Names
Common Names
- maize
- corn
- maize
- Indian corn
- Mandamin
Regional and Traditional Names
Spanish:
- maíz
- choclo
- Z. mays
- maiz
- Coronta o Panocha
- Elote o Choclo
- Olote
- Mazorca
- choclo
- maíz
German:
- Mais
- Kukuruz
- Kukuruz (AT)
- Kultur-Mais
- Welschkorn
French:
- maïs
- blé d’Inde
- Maïs
- blé d'Inde
- maïs
- maïs cultivé
Scientific Names
Accepted name
Zea maysSynonyms
- Thalysia mays
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta. Within the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae, it is classified under the order Poales and the family Poaceae. Finally, it is identified by its genus, Zea.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Poales | WCVP |
| Family | Poaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Zea | WCVP |
Distribution
This plant exhibits a specific geographical presence across several regions of the European continent. In Northern Europe, its distribution can be observed within the borders of Great Britain and Ireland. Moving toward Middle Europe, the plant is also found throughout the country of Austria. Furthermore, its range extends into Belgium, which serves as another key location for its growth. Finally, the species is documented within the territories of Czechia-Slovakia.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Northern Europe | Great Britain | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Ireland | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Austria | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Belgium | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Czechia-Slovakia | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Germany | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Hungary | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Netherlands | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Poland | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Switzerland | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, commonly known as maize or corn, possesses a distinct anatomical structure where each part serves a specific physiological role. The roots form a robust fibrous system that anchors the plant and absorbs essential nutrients from the soil, while the sturdy stems provide the necessary structural support for upward growth. Attached to these stems are long, parallel-veined leaves that facilitate photosynthesis to fuel the plant's development. As the plant matures, it develops a thick, central stalk that carries the weight of the developing ears. Finally, the reproductive process involves the female flowers, where the style acts as a crucial channel to receive pollen, ensuring the successful production of seeds.| Plant Part | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| root | Chemistry & biodiversity (and other 3 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| leaf | Chemistry & biodiversity (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| stem | Chemistry & biodiversity (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| fruit | Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Zea mays has 543 reported phytochemicals identified across 8 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Flavonoids, STARCH, Aflatoxin, Anthocyanins, glucose.
| Chemical | Supporting sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| Flavonoids | 7 supporting sources | ★★★★☆ |
| STARCH | 6 supporting sources | ★★★☆☆ |
| Aflatoxin | 4 supporting sources | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Anthocyanins | 4 supporting sources | ★★☆☆☆ |
| glucose | 4 supporting sources | ★★☆☆☆ |
| proline | 4 supporting sources | ★★☆☆☆ |
| sucrose | 4 supporting sources | ★★☆☆☆ |
| AFLATOXINS | 3 supporting sources | ★★☆☆☆ |
| G1 | 3 supporting sources | ★★☆☆☆ |
| LIGNIN | 3 supporting sources | ★★☆☆☆ |
Flavonoids
- Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
- Natural products and bioprospecting
- Archives of pharmacal research
- Microbiology spectrum
- Heliyon
View 2 additional sources
- Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
- Journal of food science and technology
STARCH
- Dr. Duke
- The British journal of nutrition
- The Biochemical journal
- Food science & nutrition
- The Journal of nutrition
View 1 additional sources
- International journal of biological macromolecules
Aflatoxin
- Dr. Duke
- Pest management science
- Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
- Plant disease
Anthocyanins
- Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB
- Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD
- Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
- Frontiers in plant science
glucose
- Dr. Duke
- Microbiological research
- Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
- Microbial biotechnology
proline
- Dr. Duke
- Frontiers in plant science
- Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
- Microbiological research
sucrose
- Dr. Duke
- Frontiers in plant science
- Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
- Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
AFLATOXINS
- Pest management science
- Journal of AOAC International
- Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie
G1
- Journal of protein chemistry
- Voprosy pitaniia
- Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie
LIGNIN
- Dr. Duke
- Veterinary research communications
- Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry
Activities
Zea mays has 898 reported activities identified across 8 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Neuroprotective, Anticancer, Diuretic, Hypolipidemic.
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| Antioxidant | Dr. Duke (and other 8 sources) | ★★★★☆ |
| Neuroprotective | Dr. Duke (and other 4 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Anticancer | Dr. Duke (and other 3 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Diuretic | Dr. Duke (and other 3 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Hypolipidemic | Dr. Duke (and other 3 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Antiadhesive | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antibacterial | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antidepressant | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antidiabetic | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antihypertensive | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Zea mays has 54 reported medicinal uses identified across 8 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include oxidative stress, salt stress, abiotic stress, antioxidant, blood pressure.
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| oxidative stress | International journal of phytoremediation (and other 3 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| salt stress | Plant molecular biology (and other 3 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| abiotic stress | Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| antioxidant | Food chemistry (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| blood pressure | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| cold | PloS one (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| drought | PloS one (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| glycation | Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| hypertension | Current pharmaceutical design (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| inflammation | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Preparations
| Preparations | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| aqueous extracts | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| ethanol husk extract | Pharmaceutical biology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| ethyl acetate fraction | Pharmaceutical biology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| fractions | Pharmaceutical biology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| herbal teas | Current pharmaceutical biotechnology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| infusion | Progres en urologie : journal de l'Association francaise d'urologie et de la Societe francaise d'urologie (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| roots | Fitoterapia (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| stalk | Saudi journal of biological sciences (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| water extract | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| water extracts | Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |