Xylopia ferruginea

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Xylopia altissima
• Xylopicrum malayanum
• Artabotrys malayanus
• Melodorum ferrugineum
• Habzelia ferruginea

Sources: Wikidata

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified within the phylum Streptophyta and the class Equisetopsida. As a member of the subclass Magnoliidae and the order Magnoliales, it is further nested within the family Annonaceae. Its specific taxonomic identification is placed under the genus Xylopia.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a specific distribution pattern across several key regions in Southeast Asia. Within the Indo-China zone, its presence is noted in Thailand. Moving into the Malesia region, it can be found on the island of Borneo. Additionally, the species is distributed throughout the Malay Peninsula. Finally, its range extends to the island of Sumatera.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Morphology

The morphology of Xylopia ferruginea is characterized by its growth form as a woody tree, reaching a maximum plant height of approximately 20 m. It functions as a self-supporting organism, exhibiting neither climbing nor parasitic tendencies, as it is an independent species. The plant is strictly terrestrial in its ecological habit, lacking aquatic, semiaquatic, or epiphytic characteristics. Its structural development is defined by a robust, woody composition, distinguishing it from herbaceous or shrubby life forms.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

tree

Parasite :

independent

Plant height max:

20 m

Woodiness :

woody

Physiology

The physiology of Xylopia ferruginea is characterized by a C3 photosynthetic pathway, a metabolic strategy common among many tropical woody species that involves the direct fixation of atmospheric carbon dioxide via the enzyme Rubisco during the Calvin cycle. This pathway dictates the plant's gas exchange dynamics and water-use efficiency, as it relies on maintaining open stomata for CO2 uptake, which concurrently facilitates transpiration. The physiological regulation of its carbon assimilation is closely tied to its environmental adaptations, where the C3 mechanism functions optimally under the shaded or partially sunlit conditions of its native forest habitats. Consequently, its metabolic processes, including nutrient uptake and energy conversion, are governed by the temperature and moisture availability that influence the efficiency of this C3 carbon fixation process.

Photosynthetic pathway :

C3

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Chemicals

Xylopia ferruginea has 4 reported phytochemicals identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Bicyclogermacrene, Elemol, Germacrene D, Guaiol.

Bicyclogermacrene

1. Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences

Elemol

1. Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences

Germacrene D

1. Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences

Guaiol

1. Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences