Xanthium spinosum
Xanthium spinosum, commonly known as spiny cocklebur, is a resilient, thorny annual herb found in various tropical and subtropical regions. Renowned for its distinctive prickly burs, this plant holds significant ethnobotanical importance. It is utilized in traditional medicine for its diverse bioactive properties, including anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects.
- Scientific name: Xanthium spinosum
- Family: Asteraceae
- Native range: Europe
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, placing it within the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. As a member of the order Asterales and the family Asteraceae, it is further classified under the genus Xanthium.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Asterales | WCVP |
| Family | Asteraceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Xanthium | WCVP |
Distribution
This plant exhibits a broad presence across several regions of the European continent. In Northern Europe, its distribution includes the territories of Denmark and Great Britain. Moving toward Middle Europe, the species is well-established in Austria and Belgium. It can also be found spanning the areas of Czechia and Slovakia. Consequently, the geographical range of Xanthium spinosum covers diverse parts of both Northern and Middle Europe.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Northern Europe | Denmark | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Great Britain | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Austria | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Belgium | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Czechia-Slovakia | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Germany | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Hungary | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Netherlands | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Poland | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Switzerland | WCVP |
Chemicals
Xanthium spinosum has 18 reported phytochemicals identified across 18 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include 10-octadecenoic acid, 11-octadecenoic acid, 15(S)-HETE, 8-octadecenoic acid, atractyloside.
- Total chemicals
- 18
- Scientific sources
- 18
Most Reported Compounds
| Compound | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| 10-octadecenoic acid | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 11-octadecenoic acid | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 15(S)-HETE | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 8-octadecenoic acid | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| atractyloside | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| centaurin | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| chlorogenic acid | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| patuletin | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| pendulin | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Activities
Xanthium spinosum has 6 reported activities identified across 6 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antibacterial, Anticancer, Antifungal, Antitumor, Diuretic.
- Total activities
- 6
- Scientific sources
- 6
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Antibacterial | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Anticancer | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antifungal | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antitumor | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Diuretic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Sedative | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Xanthium spinosum has 6 reported medicinal uses identified across 6 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include Breast Cancer, cancer, fever, inflammation, snake bite.
- Total uses
- 6
- Scientific sources
- 6
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Breast Cancer | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| cancer | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| fever | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| inflammation | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| snake bite | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| tumor | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |