Warburgia salutaris
Warburgia salutaris, commonly known as the Pepper-bark tree, is a precious medicinal plant native to Southern and Eastern Africa. Renowned for its potent antimicrobial and antifungal properties, its bark is traditionally used to treat respiratory ailments, infections, and digestive issues, making it a cornerstone of African herbal medicine.
- Scientific name: Warburgia salutaris
- Family: Canellaceae
- Native range: Africa
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae within the phylum Streptophyta and the class Equisetopsida. It is further classified under the subclass Magnoliidae, the order Canellales, and the family Canellaceae. Finally, its specific taxonomic designation falls under the genus Warburgia.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Canellales | WCVP |
| Family | Canellaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Warburgia | WCVP |
Distribution
This plant is found across several distinct regions within the African continent. In South Tropical Africa, its range extends through the country of Mozambique. It is also distributed throughout Zimbabwe, which falls under the South Tropical Africa classification. Moving into Southern Africa, the species can be located in the KwaZulu-Natal province. Finally, it is documented within the Northern Provinces of Southern Africa.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| South Tropical Africa | Mozambique | WCVP |
| South Tropical Africa | Zimbabwe | WCVP |
| Southern Africa | KwaZulu-Natal | WCVP |
| Southern Africa | Northern Provinces | WCVP |
Chemicals
Warburgia salutaris has 14 reported phytochemicals identified across 14 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include IL-6, catechin, cis megastigma-5,8-diene-4-one, guanosine, interleukin-1beta.
- Total chemicals
- 14
- Scientific sources
- 14
Most Reported Compounds
| Compound | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| IL-6 | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| catechin | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| cis megastigma-5,8-diene-4-one | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| guanosine | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| interleukin-1beta | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| mukaadial | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| muzigadial | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| pereniporin B | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| sesquiterpenoid | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| sorbitol | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Activities
Warburgia salutaris has 10 reported activities identified across 13 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antibacterial, Antimalarial, Cytotoxic, Anticancer, Antidiabetic.
- Total activities
- 10
- Scientific sources
- 13
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Antibacterial | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antimalarial | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Cytotoxic | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Anticancer | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antidiabetic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antimicrobial | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antioxidant | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Bacteriostatic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Diuretic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Expectorant | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Warburgia salutaris has 20 reported medicinal uses identified across 22 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include cancer, inflammation, Diabetes mellitus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, Plasmodium falciparum.
- Total uses
- 20
- Scientific sources
- 22
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| cancer | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| inflammation | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Plasmodium falciparum | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| anaplasmosis | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| breast cancer | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| coughs | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| lipid peroxidation | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |