Vitis amurensis
Vitis amurensis · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (0 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Vitis amurensis, commonly known as the Amur grape, is a hardy deciduous vine native to the temperate regions of East Asia. This resilient species is particularly valued for its ability to thrive in cold climates where other grape varieties might struggle. While much attention is paid to its lush foliage and clusters of fruit, the plant also produces distinct seeds that play a vital role in its natural life cycle. These seeds serve as the primary means for the plant to propagate and colonize new environments. Understanding the characteristics of the seed is essential for anyone interested in the cultivation and long-term survival of this vigorous vine.
- Synonyms
- Vitis Vinifera Var. Amurensis · Vitis Vinifera F. Amurensis · 1 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Vitaceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Seed
Classification
Common Names
Vitis amurensis is a versatile climbing vine known by a variety of regional and local names. In certain areas, it is commonly referred to as the Amoerdruif or the Amur drue. It is also widely recognized by its straightforward English name, the Amur grape. Depending on the cultural context, you might encounter it called Amurrebe or the Polish Winorośl amurska. Regardless of which name is used, this plant remains a distinct and significant species in viticulture.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Vitis amurensis is a plant species that is recognized by several different botanical names within scientific literature. It is frequently identified by the synonym Vitis vinifera f. amurensis in various taxonomic records. Additionally, the plant is sometimes categorized under the name Vitis vinifera var. amurensis. Other historical or regional classifications include the synonym Vitis vulpina var. amurensis. Understanding these various nomenclatures is essential for researchers tracking the plant's diverse lineage.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Vitis amurensis is a fascinating species that belongs to the expansive kingdom Plantae. Within this vast biological group, the plant is classified under the class Equisetopsida. Its specific lineage continues through the order Vitales, which helps define its evolutionary path. Further narrowing its identity, the plant is a member of the genus Vitis. Ultimately, these connections place it firmly within the Vitaceae family, marking its unique place in the natural world.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Vitales |
| Family | Vitaceae |
| Genus | Vitis |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Vitis amurensis is a resilient species primarily distributed throughout the temperate regions of Asia. Its extensive range encompasses much of Central Asia, including specific territories in Tadzhikistan. Within China, the plant is widely established, stretching from the North-Central provinces to the Southeast. It is also commonly found across the expansive landscapes of Inner Mongolia and the Manchuria region. This widespread presence highlights the plant's ability to thrive across diverse Asian environments.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Vitis amurensis exhibits a robust shrub-like growth form that allows it to establish a strong presence in its habitat. This species is characterized by an obligatory climbing habit, relying on supportive structures to ascend toward the sunlight.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Compounds
Vitis amurensis serves as a rich source of diverse procyanidins found within its seeds. Through spectral and chemical analysis, researchers have successfully isolated several key compounds from this plant. Specifically, the seeds contain procyanidin B-5 3'-O-gallate, a significant constituent of its chemical profile. Additionally, the plant is characterized by the presence of vitisinol, which features a unique spiro-type biflavanyl linkage. The chemical makeup is further completed by amurensisin, a compound distinguished by its biphenyl-lactone partial structure.
Conditions
Vitis amurensis contains the compound amurensin G, which effectively treats cellular toxicities in a rotenone model of Parkinson's disease. This plant-derived compound works by inducing autophagy to protect human dopaminergic cells. Specifically, amurensin G inhibits the apoptosis induced by rotenone exposure. It also serves to interfere with rotenone-induced G2/M cell cycle arrest. Through these mechanisms, the wild grape demonstrates significant neuroprotective potential against toxin-induced damage.
Preparations
Parts used
Vitis amurensis contains specific chemical components located within its seeds. Research has successfully isolated three distinct procyanidins, including procyanidin B-5 3'-O-gallate, vitisinol, and amurensisin, from this plant part. Through the use of spectral and chemical evidence, scientists have been able to elucidate the complex structures of these compounds. Notably, vitisinol and amurensisin feature unique characteristics such as spiro-type biflavanyl linkages and biphenyl-lactone partial structures. These findings highlight the intricate chemical makeup found deep within the seeds of the species.