Vatairea macrocarpa
Vatairea macrocarpa · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (0 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Vatairea macrocarpa is a distinctive tree species primarily recognized for its unique reproductive structures. The most notable feature of this plant is its specialized seed, which plays a crucial role in its life cycle. These seeds are often adapted for dispersal, allowing the species to colonize new environments effectively. Understanding the botanical characteristics of the seed provides essential insight into the plant's evolutionary success. Consequently, studying this specific part is vital for anyone interested in the diversity of tropical flora.
- Synonyms
- Tipuana Macrocarpa · Tipuana Amazonica · 4 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Fabaceae
- Distribution
- Southern America
- Plant Parts
- Seed
Classification
Common Names
Vatairea macrocarpa is a versatile tree known by a diverse array of regional names. It is frequently referred to as Amargo or Amargoso in various local contexts. Many people also recognize this species as Angelim, specifically identifying it as Angelim-do-Cerrado within its native habitats. Additionally, the timber is sometimes called Maleteira depending on the specific area. These multiple common names reflect the plant's widespread presence and importance across different communities.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Vatairea macrocarpa is a botanical subject frequently identified by a variety of different scientific names. Within various taxonomic records, this species is recognized by the synonym Andira cinerascens. It has also been historically linked to the name Machaerium macrocarpum in certain classifications. Furthermore, the plant is associated with several names within the Tipuana genus, including Tipuana amazonica and Tipuana cinerascens. Finally, researchers may also encounter it listed under the synonym Tipuana macrocarpa.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Vatairea macrocarpa belongs to the vast kingdom Plantae, showcasing the diverse beauty found within the plant world. As a member of the class Equisetopsida, this species displays specialized biological characteristics unique to its evolutionary lineage. It is further classified under the order Fabales, a group that connects it to various other significant botanical families. Within this order, it is nested in the Fabaceae family, which is widely known for its diverse range of flowering plants. Ultimately, this unique specimen is defined by its specific genus, Vatairea, which distinguishes it from all other surrounding vegetation.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Fabales |
| Family | Fabaceae |
| Genus | Vatairea |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Vatairea macrocarpa is a botanical species primarily recognized for its extensive presence throughout Southern America. Within Brazil, its distribution is remarkably widespread, spanning from the Northeast to the Southeast and extending into the West-Central regions. This plant also makes a significant appearance in the northern stretches of the Brazilian landscape. Beyond Brazil, its reach extends to Western South America, specifically within the borders of Bolivia. This broad geographic range highlights the adaptable nature of the species across diverse South American ecosystems.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Vatairea macrocarpa is a distinctive species characterized by its robust tree growth form. This plant stands as a self-supporting structure, allowing it to maintain its position firmly within its environment. While its dimensions can vary, the species typically reaches a maximum height of approximately 8 m. In certain conditions, however, it may grow even larger, reaching an ultimate height of up to 12 m.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Compounds
Vatairea macrocarpa seeds serve as the natural source of a specific galactose-binding lectin known as VML. This protein functions as a glycoprotein and is characterized by a complex structure consisting of a major alpha-chain and smaller terminal fragments. Detailed biochemical analysis reveals that VML exists as a pH-independent homotetrameric protein with a molecular mass ranging from 122 to 130 kDa. The primary structure of this lectin shows significant evolutionary similarities to other leguminous proteins found in species such as Erythrina variegata and Robinia pseudoacacia. Furthermore, the protein undergoes sophisticated proteolytic processing and N-glycosylation that defines its unique biological profile.
Conditions
Vatairea macrocarpa exhibits significant medicinal potential through its various biological activities. The lectin found in this species demonstrates broad-spectrum antibacterial effects against a wide range of pathogens. Furthermore, it plays a critical role in the modulation of antibiotic resistance. Beyond its bacterial combat capabilities, the plant also possesses potent antifungal properties. Specifically, compounds such as Vatacarpan within the species show effective activity against Candida sp.
Preparations
Parts used
Vatairea macrocarpa holds significant biochemical interest due to the unique properties found within its seeds. Researchers have successfully isolated a specific galactose-binding lectin, known as VML, from these seed components. This protein is characterized as a complex glycoprotein that undergoes intricate proteolytic processing to form various subunits. Detailed structural analysis reveals that VML is a pH-independent homotetrameric protein with specific N-glycosylation patterns. By studying these seed-derived proteins, scientists can better understand the molecular mechanisms and glycan structures inherent to this species.