Uvaria grandiflora

Names and Synonyms

Common Names

• Uvaria grandiflora

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Uva hamiltonii

Regional and Traditional Names

Sources: Wikidata

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta within the class Equisetopsida. Following the subclass Magnoliidae, it is organized under the order Magnoliales and the family Annonaceae. Ultimately, its specific taxonomic placement is within the genus Uvaria.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant is widely distributed across various regions of the Indian Subcontinent. It can be found growing within the diverse landscapes of India and its neighboring country, Bangladesh. The species is also documented in the hilly terrains of Nepal and the specific region of Assam. Furthermore, its presence extends into the unique ecological zones of the East Himalaya. Together, these locations highlight the significant geographical range of Uvaria hamiltonii.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Life history

The life history of Uvaria hamiltonii is characterized by its status as a perennial organism, ensuring its long-term presence within its natural ecosystem. As a perennial species, it does not complete its life cycle within a single growing season or a few years, but instead maintains its physiological functions and structural integrity over multiple years. This long-lived lifecycle allows the plant to establish a robust presence, contributing to the stability of its habitat through sustained vegetative growth and repeated reproductive cycles across successive seasons.

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Uvaria hamiltonii is characterized by its woody structure and a growth form typically described as a shrub. It functions as an obligatory climber, often taking the form of a liana or vine to ascend. The plant is a terrestrial species, existing as an independent organism rather than a parasite, and it typically reaches a mean height of approximately 6.5 meters.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

liana

Climber :

obligatory

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

shrub

Parasite :

independent

Plant height mean:

6.5 m

Woodiness :

woody

Physiology

The physiological characteristics of Uvaria hamiltonii are notably reflected in its foliar morphology and metabolic processes. The plant exhibits significant variability in leaf dimensions, with leaf lengths ranging from a minimum of 7 cm to a maximum of 30 cm, maintaining an average leaf length of approximately 18.5 cm. In terms of lateral expansion, the leaf width fluctuates between a minimum of 3.5 cm and a maximum of 12.5 cm. Regarding its nutritional and symbiotic capabilities, the plant does not function as a nitrogen fixer, indicating that it relies on external soil nitrogen sources rather than symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria to support its growth and metabolic requirements.

Leaf length max:

30 cm

Leaf length mean:

18.5 cm

Leaf length min:

7 cm

Leaf width max:

12.5 cm

Leaf width min:

3.5 cm

Nitrogen fixer :

no

Reproduction

The reproduction of Uvaria hamiltonii is characterized by the development of fleshy fruits that serve as the primary vessel for seed protection and distribution. These fruits exhibit significant morphological variation, typically maintaining a mean length of 5 cm (ranging from a minimum of 4 cm to a maximum of 6 cm) and a mean width of 1.75 cm (ranging from 1.5 cm to a maximum of 2 cm). Due to their fleshy consistency, the plant employs a zoochorous dispersal syndrome, relying on animals to consume the fruit and subsequently disperse the seeds. The seeds contained within are uniform in size, with a consistent volume measured at 210 mm³, representing the minimum, mean, and maximum values recorded for the species.

Dispersal syndrome :

zoochorous

Fruit dryness :

fleshy

Fruit length max:

6 cm

Fruit length mean:

5 cm

Fruit length min:

4 cm

Fruit width max:

2 cm

Fruit width mean:

1.75 cm

Fruit width min:

1.5 cm

Seed volume max:

210 mm³

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Uvaria hamiltonii has 2 reported plant parts identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include leaf, stem.

Leaf

1. Journal of natural products

Stem

1. Journal of natural products

Chemicals

Uvaria hamiltonii has 12 reported phytochemicals identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include ZEYLENONE, (+)-Grandifloracin, Grandiuvarone A, Hamilcone, Hamiltrone.

ZEYLENONE

1. Frontiers in pharmacology
2. Journal of proteomics
3. Bioorganic chemistry

(+)-Grandifloracin

1. Heliyon

Grandiuvarone A

1. Journal of natural products

Hamilcone

1. Journal of natural products

Hamiltrone

1. Journal of natural products

Hamilxanthene

1. Journal of natural products

Lupeol

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Suberosol

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Uvarigranol B

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica

Uvarigranol E

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica

Activities

Uvaria hamiltonii has 2 reported activities identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Cytotoxic, Antiplasmodial.

Cytotoxic

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica
2. Heliyon

Antiplasmodial

1. Experimental parasitology

Preparations