Tribulus terrestris

Tribulus terrestris, commonly known as puncturevine or goat's head, is a resilient medicinal herb widely used in traditional Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine. Renowned for its potential to support hormonal balance, reproductive health, and vitality, this plant offers diverse bioactive compounds that make it a staple in modern herbal supplementation.

  • Scientific name: Tribulus terrestris
  • Family: Zygophyllaceae
  • Native range: Europe

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified within the phylum Streptophyta and the class Equisetopsida. It further falls under the subclass Magnoliidae and the order Zygophyllales, eventually placing it in the family Zygophyllaceae. Within this hierarchy, the medicinal species is identified under the genus Tribulus.

Rank Classification Source
Kingdom Plantae WCVP
Phylum Streptophyta WCVP
Class Equisetopsida WCVP
Subclass Magnoliidae WCVP
Order Zygophyllales WCVP
Family Zygophyllaceae WCVP
Genus Tribulus WCVP

Distribution

This plant exhibits a diverse geographical distribution across several regions of Europe. In Middle Europe, its presence is well-documented in countries such as Austria and Germany. It can also be found extending through the territories of Czechia-Slovakia and Hungary. Furthermore, the species reaches into Southwestern Europe, specifically inhabiting the Baleares. This widespread occurrence highlights the adaptability of the species across different European climates.

Region Area Source
Middle Europe Austria WCVP
Middle Europe Czechia-Slovakia WCVP
Middle Europe Germany WCVP
Middle Europe Hungary WCVP
Southwestern Europe Baleares WCVP
Southwestern Europe Corse WCVP
Southwestern Europe France WCVP
Southwestern Europe Portugal WCVP
Southwestern Europe Sardegna WCVP
Southwestern Europe Spain WCVP

Chemicals

Tribulus terrestris has 66 reported phytochemicals identified across 93 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include saponins, flavonoids, diosgenin, quercetin, flavonoid.

Total chemicals
66
Scientific sources
93

Most Reported Compounds

Compound Sources Confidence
saponins 10 ★★★★★
flavonoids 9 ★★★★☆
diosgenin 3 ★★☆☆☆
quercetin 3 ★★☆☆☆
flavonoid 2 ★☆☆☆☆
glycosides 2 ★☆☆☆☆
kaempferol 2 ★☆☆☆☆
lignin 2 ★☆☆☆☆
polyphenols 2 ★☆☆☆☆
rutin 2 ★☆☆☆☆

Activities

Tribulus terrestris has 24 reported activities identified across 52 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic, Analgesic.

Total activities
24
Scientific sources
52

Most Reported Activities

Activity Sources Confidence
Antioxidant 12 ★★★★★
Antibacterial 6 ★★★☆☆
Antimicrobial 4 ★★☆☆☆
Cytotoxic 3 ★★☆☆☆
Analgesic 2 ★☆☆☆☆
Anticancer 2 ★☆☆☆☆
Antidiabetic 2 ★☆☆☆☆
Antifungal 2 ★☆☆☆☆
Aphrodisiac 2 ★☆☆☆☆
Hepatoprotective 2 ★☆☆☆☆

Medicinal Uses

Tribulus terrestris has 64 reported medicinal uses identified across 82 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include hypertension, antioxidant, erectile dysfunction, Alzheimer's disease, blood pressure.

Total uses
64
Scientific sources
82

Most Reported Uses

Use Sources Confidence
hypertension 4 ★★☆☆☆
antioxidant 3 ★★☆☆☆
erectile dysfunction 3 ★★☆☆☆
Alzheimer's disease 2 ★☆☆☆☆
blood pressure 2 ★☆☆☆☆
cancer 2 ★☆☆☆☆
hyperlipidemia 2 ★☆☆☆☆
ischemic stroke 2 ★☆☆☆☆
liver cancer 2 ★☆☆☆☆
male infertility 2 ★☆☆☆☆