Triadica rotundifolia

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Sapium rotundifolium
• Baccaurea esquirolii
• Sapium rotundifolium var. obcordatum

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Malpighiales, it is classified under the family Euphorbiaceae. Finally, its specific taxonomic placement is defined by the genus Triadica.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a specific distribution pattern across several key regions in Asia. Within the borders of China, it is commonly found throughout the South-Central provinces. It also maintains a significant presence across the Southeast region of China. Furthermore, the species extends its reach into the Indo-China peninsula. Specifically, its habitat includes the diverse landscapes of Vietnam.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Life history

The life history of Triadicca rotundifolia is characterized by its status as a perennial plant, allowing it to persist through multiple growing seasons. Its structural development follows a phanerophyte life form, featuring stems that extend well above the ground level, though it can also be categorized under the nanophanerophyte classification depending on specific environmental growth habits and stem height. Furthermore, this species exhibits a deciduous nature, shedding its foliage seasonally as part of its natural phenological cycle.

Deciduousness :

deciduous

Life form :

nanophanerophyte

Life form :

phanerophyte

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Triadica rotundifolia is characterized by its woody growth form, functioning primarily as a tree. This species exhibits a significant vertical dimension, with plant heights ranging from a minimum of 3 m to a maximum of 12 m, maintaining an average height of approximately 7.5 m. In terms of its structural habit, the plant is classified as self-supporting rather than acting as a liana or vine, and it grows as an independent organism without parasitic tendencies. It is strictly a terrestrial plant, lacking aquatic or epiphytic characteristics, and maintains a stable, woody architecture throughout its development.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

tree

Parasite :

independent

Plant height max:

12 m

Plant height mean:

7.5 m

Plant height min:

3 m

Woodiness :

woody

Physiology

The physiology of Triadica rotundifolia is characterized by a C3 photosynthetic pathway, which dictates its metabolic processes and carbon fixation efficiency. Its foliar architecture is defined by spatulate leaf forms with crenulate margins, lacking both leaf thorns and leaf spines. The leaves exhibit significant dimensional variability, with a mean length of 8 cm (ranging from a minimum of 5 cm to a maximum of 11 cm) and a mean width of 9 cm (ranging from a minimum of 6 cm to a maximum of 12 cm). Furthermore, the plant maintains a consistent Specific Leaf Area (SLA) of approximately 301.9178174 cm²/g, a value that remains uniform across its minimum, mean, and maximum recorded measurements, reflecting a stable relationship between leaf area and dry mass.

Leaf form :

spatulate

Leaf length max:

11 cm

Leaf length mean:

8 cm

Leaf length min:

5 cm

Leaf margin :

crenulate

Leaf spines :

no

Leaf thorns :

no

Leaf width max:

12 cm

Leaf width mean:

9 cm

Leaf width min:

6 cm

Photosynthetic pathway :

C3

Specific Leaf Area (SLA) min:

301.9178174 cm²/g

Reproduction

The reproduction of Triadica rotundifolia is centered around the development of its distinctive fruiting bodies, which serve as the primary vehicle for seed dispersal. The plant produces small, capsule-like fruits that are characterized by a highly consistent size distribution; specifically, the fruit width exhibits no variance across measured samples, with a minimum width of 1.5 cm, a mean width of 1.5 cm, and a maximum width of 1.5 cm. These fruits typically mature into bright red, bladder-like structures that contain several small seeds, which are eventually released to facilitate the propagation of the species.

Fruit width max:

1.5 cm

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Chemicals

Triadica rotundifolia has 1 reported phytochemicals identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include triterpenoids.

triterpenoids

1. Bioorganic chemistry

Conditions

Triadica rotundifolia has 1 reported investigations on conditions identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include neuroinflammation.

Neuroinflammation

1. Bioorganic chemistry

Preparations

Triadica rotundifolia has 1 reported preparations identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include aqueous EtOH extract of the aerial parts.

Aqueous etoh extract of the aerial parts

1. Bioorganic chemistry