Toxicodendron vernicifluum
Lacquer tree
Toxicodendron vernicifluum, commonly known as the Japanese lacquer tree, is a significant medicinal and industrial plant. While renowned for producing high-quality urushi lacquer, its sap contains potent allergens. In traditional medicine, controlled applications of its derivatives are studied for unique biological properties, despite the risk of contact dermatitis.
- Scientific name: Toxicodendron vernicifluum
- Family: Anacardiaceae
- Native range: Asia-Temperate
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae within the phylum Streptophyta and the class Equisetopsida. It is further classified under the subclass Magnoliidae and the order Sapindales, falling into the family Anacardiaceae. Finally, its taxonomic identity is defined by the genus Toxicodendron.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Sapindales | WCVP |
| Family | Anacardiaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Toxicodendron | WCVP |
Common Names
This plant, Toxicodendron vernicifluum, is known by various regional names across different languages. In German, it is referred to as the Lackbaum, while in Russian, it is called Лаковое дерево. The Hungarian name for this species is lakkszömörce, and in Ukrainian, it is known as Лакове дерево. Additionally, in Arabic, it is identified as سماق ورنيشي سيال.| Language | Common Name | Source |
|---|---|---|
| de | Lackbaum | Wikidata |
| ru | Лаковое дерево | Wikidata |
| hu | lakkszömörce | Wikidata |
| uk | Лакове дерево | Wikidata |
| ar | سماق ورنيشي سيال | Wikidata |
| et | Värnitsa-mürgipuu | Wikidata |
| ga | laicear | Wikidata |
| ja | ウルシ | Wikidata |
| ko | 옻나무 | Wikidata |
| sl | loščevec | Wikidata |
Distribution
This plant exhibits a broad geographical presence across several key regions in Asia. Within Central Asia, its distribution includes parts of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. In the expansive territory of China, it can be found throughout the North-Central and South-Central provinces. Additionally, the species is well-established in the Manchuria region of China. Together, these locations highlight the diverse environmental range of Toxicodendron vernicifluum.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Central Asia | Tadzhikistan | WCVP |
| Central Asia | Uzbekistan | WCVP |
| China | China South-Central | WCVP |
| China | Manchuria | WCVP |
| China | China North-Central | WCVP |
| China | China Southeast | WCVP |
| China | Tibet | WCVP |
| Eastern Asia | Japan | WCVP |
| Eastern Asia | Korea | WCVP |
| Indian Subcontinent | East Himalaya | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, known scientifically as Toxicodendron vernicifluum, is most valued for its specific botanical components used in traditional applications. The most significant part is the resin, which is extracted from the bark and is the primary source for producing high-quality urushi lacquer. Additionally, the heartwood of the tree is sometimes utilized, contributing to the plant's overall structural and medicinal profile in various traditional practices.- Total parts
- 2
- Scientific sources
- 2
| Plant Part | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| resin | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| heartwood | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Toxicodendron vernicifluum has 8 reported phytochemicals identified across 10 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include flavonoids, urushiols, butin, fisetin, lignin.
- Total chemicals
- 8
- Scientific sources
- 10
Most Reported Compounds
| Compound | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| flavonoids | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| urushiols | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| butin | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| fisetin | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| lignin | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| terpenes | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| terpenoids | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| urushiol | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Activities
Toxicodendron vernicifluum has 11 reported activities identified across 20 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Anticancer, Antibacterial, Antimicrobial, Antitumor.
- Total activities
- 11
- Scientific sources
- 20
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Antioxidant | 5 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Anticancer | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Antibacterial | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antimicrobial | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antitumor | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antiapoptotic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antiviral | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Chemopreventive | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Cytotoxic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Genotoxic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Toxicodendron vernicifluum has 9 reported medicinal uses identified across 9 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include blood diseases, cancer, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress.
- Total uses
- 9
- Scientific sources
- 9
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| blood diseases | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| cancer | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| inflammation | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| mitochondrial dysfunction | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| oxidative stress | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| oxidative stress injury | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| rheumatic diseases | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| tumor | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| viral diseases | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |