Toxicodendron succedaneum
Japanese wax tree
Toxicodendron succedaneum, commonly known as the poison sumac, is a deciduous shrub native to North American wetlands. Distinguished by its distinctive red berries and trifoliate leaves, this plant is notorious for its potent urushiol content, which can cause severe allergic contact dermatitis upon exposure to its sap or foliage.
- Scientific name: Toxicodendron succedaneum
- Family: Anacardiaceae
- Native range: Asia-Temperate
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. It is classified within the order Sapindales and the family Anacardiaceae. Finally, its specific taxonomic designation is placed within the genus Toxicodendron.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Sapindales | WCVP |
| Family | Anacardiaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Toxicodendron | WCVP |
Common Names
This plant, Toxicodendron succedaneum, is known by various regional names depending on the linguistic context. In simplified Chinese (zh-hans), traditional Chinese (zh-hant), and the specific regional dialects of Hong Kong (zh-hk), Mainland China (zh-cn), and Singapore (zh-sg), it is commonly referred to as 野漆.| Language | Common Name | Source |
|---|---|---|
| zh-hans | 野漆 | Wikidata |
| zh-hant | 野漆 | Wikidata |
| zh-hk | 野漆 | Wikidata |
| zh-cn | 野漆 | Wikidata |
| zh-sg | 野漆 | Wikidata |
| zh-tw | 木蠟樹 | Wikidata |
| ja | ハゼノキ | Wikidata |
| ko | 검양옻나무 | Wikidata |
| ru | Токсикодендрон сочный | Wikidata |
| zh | 野漆 | Wikidata |
Distribution
This plant exhibits a diverse geographical presence across several distinct regions of China. It can be found throughout the South-Central areas of the country, spanning various landscapes. The species also thrives on the tropical island of Hainan. In the northern reaches, its distribution extends into Inner Mongolia. Finally, the plant is documented within the high-altitude territories of Qinghai and the North-Central provinces.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| China | China South-Central | WCVP |
| China | Hainan | WCVP |
| China | Inner Mongolia | WCVP |
| China | China North-Central | WCVP |
| China | Qinghai | WCVP |
| China | China Southeast | WCVP |
| China | Tibet | WCVP |
| Eastern Asia | Japan | WCVP |
| Eastern Asia | Korea | WCVP |
| Eastern Asia | Nansei-shoto | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, Toxicodendron succedaneum, is primarily noted for the potent chemical properties found within its sap. The milky or resinous sap serves as the primary vehicle for urushiol, the allergenic oil responsible for the plant's characteristic skin irritation. When this sap comes into contact with human skin, it triggers a strong immune response, making the fluid the most significant and hazardous part of the plant in terms of its medicinal and toxicological profile.- Total parts
- 1
- Scientific sources
- 1
| Plant Part | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| sap | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Toxicodendron succedaneum has 3 reported phytochemicals identified across 3 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include flavonoids, terpenoids, urushiols.
- Total chemicals
- 3
- Scientific sources
- 3
Most Reported Compounds
| Compound | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| flavonoids | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| terpenoids | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| urushiols | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Activities
Toxicodendron succedaneum has 3 reported activities identified across 3 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Cytotoxic.
- Total activities
- 3
- Scientific sources
- 3
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Antibacterial | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antioxidant | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Cytotoxic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Toxicodendron succedaneum has 1 reported medicinal uses identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include blood diseases.
- Total uses
- 1
- Scientific sources
- 1
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| blood diseases | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |