poley

Names and Synonyms

Common Names

• poley
• Felty Germander

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Chamaedrys polium

Regional and Traditional Names

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, placing it within the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. It is further classified under the order Lamiales and the family Lamiaceae. Finally, it is categorized under the genus Teucrium, specifically identified as Teucrium polium.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a diverse geographical range across several distinct regions. In Middle Europe, its presence can be documented within the territories of Czechia and Slovakia. Moving toward Southwestern Europe, it is found inhabiting the landscapes of France and Spain. Additionally, the species is located on the island of Corse within that same southwestern region. Finally, its distribution extends into Northern Africa, specifically within the borders of Algeria.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Teucrium polium is characterized by its presence in specific environmental niches, primarily thriving within habitats such as gardens, sandy terrains, coastal sea areas, steppes, and stony places. This species occupies a highly specialized altitudinal belt, restricted to a narrow elevational range between 900 m and 1000 m AMSL. Its ability to colonize diverse substrates, from the nutrient-poor conditions of sand and stone to the open expanses of the steppe, suggests a robust adaptability to varied soil textures and moisture levels within its specific vertical range.

Elevational range max:

1000 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

900 m AMSL

Habitat :

garden,sand,sea,steppe,stonyplaces

Life history

The life history of Teucrium polium is characterized by its classification as a perennial species, allowing it to persist through multiple growing seasons. In terms of its structural growth strategy, the plant functions as a chamaephyte, a life form where the majority of the vegetative shoot remains close to the ground, often with buds located just above the soil surface. This chamaephyte growth habit, consistent across both its morphological and ecological categorizations, enables the plant to endure various environmental conditions while maintaining a low-growing profile.

Life form :

chamaephyte

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Teucrium polium is characterized by a growth form that functions as a subshrub, exhibiting woody characteristics throughout its structure. This self-supporting plant maintains a relatively low profile, with a plant height ranging from a minimum of 0.05 m to a maximum of 0.4 m. As an independent organism, it does not exhibit parasitic or epiphytic behavior, remaining strictly terrestrial in its ecological habit rather than being aquatic or semiaquatic. The plant's physical architecture is defined by its woody, self-supporting nature, distinguishing it from climbing vines or lianas.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

shrub

Growth form :

subshrub

Parasite :

independent

Plant height max:

0.4 m

Plant height min:

0.05 m

Woodiness :

woody

Reproduction

The reproduction of Teucrium polium is characterized by a specific seasonal flowering period that typically commences in April and concludes in May, though the timing can be variable. During this reproductive phase, the plant produces dry fruits that contain seeds with highly specific mass profiles. The seed mass within this species exhibits significant variation, ranging from a minimum of 0.00067 g to a maximum of 0.00249 g, with an average seed mass calculated at approximately 0.00170053575 g.

Flowering time :

Apr

Flowering time :

May

Fruit dryness :

dry

Seed mass max:

0.00249 g

Seed mass mean:

0.00170053575 g

Seed mass min:

0.00067 g

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Teucrium polium has 3 reported plant parts identified across 5 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include leaf, root, stem.

Leaf

1. Veterinary sciences
2. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

Root

1. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry
2. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Stem

1. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

Chemicals

Teucrium polium has 123 reported phytochemicals identified across 5 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include CARVACROL, Flavonoids, BETA-PINENE, DELTA-CADINENE, LIMONENE.

CARVACROL

1. Dr. Duke
2. Natural product research
3. ChemistryOpen

Flavonoids

1. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR
2. Avicenna journal of phytomedicine
3. Chemistry & biodiversity

BETA-PINENE

1. Dr. Duke
2. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences

DELTA-CADINENE

1. Dr. Duke
2. Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

LIMONENE

1. Dr. Duke
2. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences

MYRCENE

1. Dr. Duke
2. Current issues in molecular biology

RUTIN

1. Biology
2. Planta medica

THYMOL

1. Dr. Duke
2. ChemistryOpen

Terpenoids

1. Current rheumatology reviews
2. Avicenna journal of phytomedicine

apigenin

1. Biology
2. Planta medica

Activities

Teucrium polium has 223 reported activities identified across 5 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antibacterial, Anticancer, Hepatoprotective.

Antioxidant

1. Dr. Duke
2. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR
3. Veterinary sciences
4. Avicenna journal of phytomedicine
5. African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM

Antimicrobial

1. African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM
2. Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
3. Turkish journal of pharmaceutical sciences
4. Journal of ethnopharmacology
5. ChemistryOpen

Antibacterial

1. Dr. Duke
2. Avicenna journal of phytomedicine
3. Scientific reports
4. Chemistry & biodiversity

Anticancer

1. Dr. Duke
2. Avicenna journal of phytomedicine
3. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Hepatoprotective

1. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR
2. Avicenna journal of phytomedicine
3. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Hypoglycemic

1. Avicenna journal of phytomedicine
2. Journal of ethnopharmacology
3. European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology

Hypolipidemic

1. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR
2. Avicenna journal of phytomedicine
3. European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology

Anticholinesterase

1. Dr. Duke
2. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Antidiabetic

1. Avicenna journal of phytomedicine
2. ChemistryOpen

Antifungal

1. Avicenna journal of phytomedicine
2. Mycopathologia

Conditions

Teucrium polium has 47 reported investigations on conditions identified across 5 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include abdominal pain, cancer, indigestion, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli.

Abdominal pain

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
2. Avicenna journal of phytomedicine
3. Phytotherapy research : PTR

Cancer

1. Open veterinary journal
2. Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery
3. Scientific reports

Indigestion

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
2. Avicenna journal of phytomedicine
3. Phytotherapy research : PTR

Candida albicans

1. African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM
2. Turkish journal of pharmaceutical sciences

Escherichia coli

1. African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM
2. Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

Staphylococcus aureus

1. African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM
2. Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

Hyperglycemia

1. Advances in pharmacological sciences
2. ChemistryOpen

Hypoglycemic

1. Phytochemistry
2. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Inflammations

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
2. Phytotherapy research : PTR

Oxidative damage

1. Veterinary sciences
2. Open veterinary journal

Preparations

Teucrium polium has 44 reported preparations identified across 5 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include TP extract, aqueous extract, essential oils, Aqueous extracts, EOs.

Tp extract

1. Acta gastro-enterologica Belgica
2. Iranian journal of allergy, asthma, and immunology

Aqueous extract

1. BMC oral health
2. Chemistry & biodiversity

Essential oils

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
2. ChemistryOpen

Aqueous extracts

1. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

Eos

1. Current microbiology

Essential oils

1. Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

Essential oil from aerial parts

1. ChemistryOpen

Extracts

1. African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM

Methanolic extract

1. Ancient science of life

Tp plant extract

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology