What to know about Tetrapleura tetraptera (adansonia) before using it medicinally

Tetrapleura tetraptera, commonly known as adansonia, is a herb that has been extensively researched for its numerous health benefits, which include its ability to improve heart health, reduce inflammation, and boost the immune system.

From a horticultural perspective, Tetrapleura tetraptera is a tropical tree native to Africa and Southeast Asia, characterized by its ability to thrive in a variety of environments and its fast growth rate. Botanically, the herb belongs to the family Fabaceae and contains a range of bioactive compounds, including alkaloids and flavonoids, which are responsible for its medicinal properties.

Historically, Tetrapleura tetraptera has been used in traditional African medicine for centuries, with references to its use appearing in various ancient texts, including those by the renowned African herbalist, Dr. Cheikna.

This article explains the medicinal, horticultural, botanical, and historical aspects of Tetrapleura tetraptera.

What are the medicinal properties of Tetrapleura tetraptera?

Tetrapleura tetraptera helps with various health conditions including fever, rheumatism, and respiratory issues. It is also used to treat digestive problems, diarrhea, and skin diseases. The plant has anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.

The active constituents of Tetrapleura tetraptera include tetrandrine, tetrandrine isomer, and adenosine. These compounds give the plant its medicinal properties, including analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities.

The parts of the plant most used for medicinal purposes are the leaves, bark, and seeds. The leaves are rich in alkaloids and terpenoids, while the bark contains tannins and saponins. The seeds are a rich source of fatty acids and flavonoids.

Improper use of Tetrapleura tetraptera can lead to side effects such as gastrointestinal disturbances, allergic reactions, and interactions with other medications. It may also exacerbate certain health conditions, such as bleeding disorders and kidney problems.

Precautions when using Tetrapleura tetraptera medicinally include proper identification of the plant, accurate dosage, and monitoring for side effects. It is also essential to consult with a healthcare professional, particularly for pregnant women, children, and individuals with underlying medical conditions.

What are the horticulural aspects of Tetrapleura tetraptera?

Tetrapleura tetraptera grow in full sun to partial shade and require well-draining acidic soil with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5. They are sensitive to frost and can only be grown in USDA zones 10-12. The tree prefers temperatures between 64°F and 90°F. Watering should be moderate to avoid root rot.

Planting tips for Tetrapleura tetraptera involve selecting a location with full sun to partial shade and planting the seedling in well-draining soil. The tree should be watered regularly, but avoid overwatering, which can lead to root rot. A spacing of 10-15 feet between trees is recommended. The seedling should be watered regularly during the first year after planting.

Harvesting tips for Tetrapleura tetraptera involve waiting for the tree to mature, which typically takes 5-7 years. The seed pods are harvested when they are dry and split open, revealing 4-6 seeds per pod. Harvesting the pods should be done in the morning, when the pods are still dry. The seeds should be dried further in a dry, well-ventilated area.

Pests and diseases that commonly affect Tetrapleura tetraptera include the Africanized honey bee, which can attack the tree's nectar and pollen, and the root rot caused by Phytophthora, a fungal disease. Other pests include the bagworm and the scale insect. Regular pruning and watering practices can help prevent disease, but integrated pest management practices should be implemented to minimize chemical use.

What are the botanical aspects of Tetrapleura tetraptera?

Tetrapleura tetraptera is a deciduous tree with a straight trunk, up to 20 m tall, and a broad, flat crown. Leaves are pinnate, with 8-16 pairs of leaflets, and are shed at the start of the dry season. Stems are woody, with a greenish-brown bark.

Taxonomically, Tetrapleura tetraptera belongs to the family Leguminosae (Fabaceae), subfamily Caesalpinioideae. It is a member of the genus Tetrapleura, which comprises 5 species of tropical trees. The species name 'tetraptera' refers to its four-winged seeds.

There are several variants of Tetrapleura tetraptera, including Tetrapleura tetraptera var. tetraptera and Tetrapleura tetraptera var. lanceolata. Variants differ in leaf shape and size, and in the shape and size of their seeds. They are generally similar in appearance and habit.

Tetrapleura tetraptera is native to tropical Africa, where it is found in savannas, grasslands, and woodland. It has been introduced to other regions, including the Americas, Asia, and the Pacific Islands. It grows in areas with a hot, dry climate and well-drained soils.

The life cycle of Tetrapleura tetraptera is perennial. It germinates after the wet season, when temperatures are high and rainfall is plentiful. Growth is rapid during this period, and the tree produces leaves, flowers, and seeds. During the dry season, growth slows, and the tree sheds its leaves to conserve water.

What are the historical aspects of Tetrapleura tetraptera?

Tetrapleura tetraptera, also known as Adansonia, is an African plant with a rich history of use. Its seeds were traditionally consumed in West Africa as a source of protein, while its bark and leaves were used in folk medicine to treat various ailments.

In Yoruba mythology, the plant is associated with the goddess Oya, who is revered for her power to control the wind and storms. The plant is said to have been used in rituals to honor Oya and to promote fertility.

The plant has several symbolic meanings in African cultures. In some societies, it is seen as a symbol of fertility and prosperity, while in others, it is associated with protection and strength.

The earliest written records of the plant's existence can be found in the works of 16th-century Portuguese explorer Duarte Pires, who documented its use in traditional medicine. The plant was also mentioned in the writings of 18th-century European botanists, including Carl Linnaeus.

Historical artifacts featuring the plant include ancient African textiles, which feature intricate designs of the plant's leaves and flowers. Additionally, traditional wood carvings from West Africa often depict the plant's seeds and branches.