Terminalia ivorensis
Black afara
Terminalia ivorensis, commonly known as the Ivory Coast Terminalia, is a significant medicinal tree native to West African rainforests. Renowned for its diverse therapeutic properties, various parts of the plant are traditionally utilized to treat ailments ranging from skin infections to inflammatory conditions, offering valuable insights for modern ethnopharmacology.
- Scientific name: Terminalia ivorensis
- Family: Combretaceae
- Native range: Africa
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta and class Equisetopsida. Within the subclass Magnoliidae, it falls under the order Myrtales and is a member of the family Combretaceae. Finally, its taxonomic identity is defined by the genus Terminalia.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Myrtales | WCVP |
| Family | Combretaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Terminalia | WCVP |
Common Names
This plant, known scientifically as Terminalia ivorensis, is referred to by various names across different languages and cultures. In Esperanto, it is called Eburborda terminalio, while in French, the common name is Framiré. In Thailand, it is known as หูกกระจง, and in Japan, it is referred to as フラミレ. Additionally, in the Yoruba language, it is known as Idígbó.| Language | Common Name | Source |
|---|---|---|
| eo | Eburborda terminalio | Wikidata |
| fr | Framiré | Wikidata |
| th | หูกระจง | Wikidata |
| ja | フラミレ | Wikidata |
| yo | Idígbó | Wikidata |
| ak | Amire | Wikidata |
| nb | framiré | Wikidata |
| nn | framiré | Wikidata |
| ca | framiré | Wikidata |
| en | Black afara | Wikidata |
Distribution
This plant is primarily distributed across the diverse landscapes of West Tropical Africa. Within this broad region, it can be found growing in the country of Benin. Its presence is also documented throughout Burkina Faso. Furthermore, the species extends its reach into the nation of Gambia. Finally, its geographical range includes the territories of both Ghana and Guinea.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| West Tropical Africa | Benin | WCVP |
| West Tropical Africa | Burkina | WCVP |
| West Tropical Africa | Gambia | WCVP |
| West Tropical Africa | Ghana | WCVP |
| West Tropical Africa | Guinea | WCVP |
| West Tropical Africa | Ivory Coast | WCVP |
| West Tropical Africa | Liberia | WCVP |
| West Tropical Africa | Nigeria | WCVP |
| West Tropical Africa | Sierra Leone | WCVP |
| West-Central Tropical Africa | Cameroon | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, Terminalia ivorenii, utilizes various components for its medicinal properties, particularly through its extensive use of the trunk barks and stem-bark. The bark of the tree is highly valued in traditional medicine, where different sections of the barks are harvested to prepare decoctions or extracts. Additionally, the leaves serve as a vital part of the plant's therapeutic profile, with each individual leaf containing specific bioactive compounds used in local treatments.- Total parts
- 5
- Scientific sources
- 5
| Plant Part | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| trunk barks | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| stem-bark | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| leaves | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| leaf | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| barks | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Terminalia ivorensis has 7 reported phytochemicals identified across 7 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include coumarins, ellagic acid, flavonoids, leucodelphidin, polyphenols.
- Total chemicals
- 7
- Scientific sources
- 7
Most Reported Compounds
| Compound | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| coumarins | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| ellagic acid | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| flavonoids | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| leucodelphidin | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| polyphenols | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| saponins | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| tannins | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Activities
Terminalia ivorensis has 5 reported activities identified across 6 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Analgesic, Androgenic, Antipyretic, Anxiolytic, Sedative.
- Total activities
- 5
- Scientific sources
- 6
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Analgesic | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Androgenic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antipyretic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Anxiolytic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Sedative | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Terminalia ivorensis has 11 reported medicinal uses identified across 14 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, analgesic, antioxidant effect, antipyretic.
- Total uses
- 11
- Scientific sources
- 14
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| malaria | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Plasmodium falciparum | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| analgesic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| antioxidant effect | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| antipyretic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| gastroenteritis | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| pain | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| psychosis | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| psychotic disorder | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| trypanosoma brucei brucei | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |