Tanacetum cinerariifolium
Tanacetum cinerariifolium · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (0 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Tanacetum cinerariifolium, commonly known as pyrethrum, is a remarkable botanical species valued for its diverse pharmacological potential. This plant is most notable for containing pyrethrins, which are potent chemical compounds found within its flowers. Beyond its insecticidal reputation, it exhibits significant therapeutic activities, including analgesic and antiallergic properties. Research also suggests its utility in managing hormonal imbalances through anti-PMS effects and regulating blood pressure as an angiotensin-receptor-blocker. Consequently, this species remains a subject of great interest in both traditional medicine and modern pharmacology.
- Synonyms
- Chrysanthemum Cinerariifolium · Chrysanthemum Rigidum · 4 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Asteraceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Not available
Classification
Common Names
Tanacetum cinerariifolium is a versatile botanical species known by a wide array of regional and descriptive names. In German-speaking areas, it is frequently referred to as the Aschblättrige Straußmargerite. Its international identity is further expanded by names such as Dalmatia Pyrethrum and Dalmatian Pellitory. In certain contexts, it is also recognized by the moniker Dalmatian Insect-Flower, highlighting its historical uses. Additionally, the plant is known as Chu Chong Ju, demonstrating the diverse linguistic traditions surrounding this unique species.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Tanacetum cinerariifolium is a botanical subject frequently encountered under various scientific aliases due to its complex taxonomic history. It is widely recognized by its synonym Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium, a name that highlights its historical classification within the chrysanthemum genus. Depending on the botanical authority, the plant may also be identified as Chrysanthemum rigidum or Chrysanthemum turreanum. Furthermore, the species is often referred to through the pyrethrum lineage, appearing in literature as both Pyrethrum cinerariifolium and Pyrethrum turreyanum. Understanding these overlapping nomenclatures is essential for researchers navigating the diverse linguistic landscape of plant taxonomy.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Tanacetum cinerariifolium is a remarkable specimen belonging to the kingdom Plantae. Within this vast biological kingdom, it is classified under the class Equisetopsida. The plant further descends through the order Asterales, showcasing its unique evolutionary path. It is a distinguished member of the genus Tanacetum, which defines its specific botanical identity. Ultimately, this species finds its home within the diverse and widespread family Asteraceae.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Asterales |
| Family | Asteraceae |
| Genus | Tanacetum |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Tanacetum cinerariifolium exhibits a diverse geographical range that spans across multiple continents and climates. In Africa, this species is found in the Northeast Tropical region of Ethiopia and the West-Central Tropical areas of Rwanda. Its presence extends further into the Western Indian Ocean, where it inhabits the islands of Mauritius and Réunion. Beyond the African continent, the plant also thrives within the temperate landscapes of the Caucasus and Transcaucasus regions in Asia. This broad distribution highlights the plant's remarkable ability to adapt to varied ecological niches.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Tanacetum cinerariifolium is a distinctive herb characterized by its sturdy, self-supporting growth form. This plant typically maintains a modest stature, reaching a maximum height of approximately 0.6 meters. Depending on its environmental conditions, individual specimens may grow as small as 0.15 meters. However, it frequently establishes a more robust presence with a minimum height of 0.385 meters. These varying dimensions illustrate the adaptable nature of this resilient species.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Compounds
Tanacetum cinerariifolium is a valuable plant species recognized for containing significant amounts of pyrethrins within its flowers. These natural monoterpenoids serve as eco-friendly and safe insecticides, offering a sustainable alternative to many commercial chemical options. Recent transcriptome analyses have focused on identifying the specific genes and pathways responsible for the biosynthesis of these potent compounds. Research indicates that the MEP pathway plays a crucial role in producing the acid moiety of pyrethrins, with activity predominating in the flower tissues. Understanding these complex genetic mechanisms provides a vital foundation for future breeding programs aimed at enhancing the production of these useful secondary metabolites.
Conditions
Tanacetum cinerariifolium possesses strong insecticidal properties due to its high concentration of natural pyrethrins. These pyrethrins are monoterpenoids that offer an eco-friendly and safe alternative to many commercial insecticides. Research indicates that the biosynthesis of these insecticidal compounds is particularly active within the plant's flowers. Specifically, the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway contributes to the production of the acid moiety of pyrethrin in these tissues. Understanding these genetic pathways is essential for enhancing the production of these valuable insecticidal metabolites through breeding programs.