southern cone marigold
Tagetes minuta · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Extensive (544 studies) · ★★★★★
Southern cone marigold, scientifically known as Tagetes minuta, is a versatile perennial herb native to South America. Renowned for its strong, aromatic fragrance, this plant is widely utilized in traditional medicine for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, offering significant therapeutic potential in treating various ailments across diverse cultures.
Names
Common Names
- little marigold
- minute marigold
- muster John Henry
- wild marigold
- Southern Marigold
- Aztec marigold
- Mexican marigold
- dwarf marigold
- khakibush
- stinking-Roger
- Kahki Weed
- Khaki Weed
- Khakibos
- Khakibush Weed
- Master John-Henry
- Stinking Roger
- Tall Khaki Weed
Regional and Traditional Names
Spanish:
- Huacatay
- Quinchihue
- Suico
- Chinchu
- Chinchilla
- chinchilla enana
- Suico
- chinchilla
- huacatay
- Ruda gallinaza
German:
- mexikanische Studentenblume
- Mexikanische Gewürztagetes
French:
- tagète
- tagète des décombres
Scientific Names
Accepted name
Tagetes minutaSynonyms
- Tagetes glandulifera
- Tagetes glandulosa
- Tagetes montana
- Tagetes porophyllum
- Tagetes bonariensis
- Tagetes tinctoria
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Asterales, it is classified under the family Asteraceae. Finally, its specific taxonomic identification is placed within the genus Tagetes.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Asterales | WCVP |
| Family | Asteraceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Tagetes | WCVP |
Distribution
This plant exhibits a wide geographical distribution across several regions of the European continent. In Northern Europe, its presence can be observed in Great Britain as well as throughout Norway and Sweden. Moving toward the center of the continent, the species is also documented within Middle Europe. Specifically, it inhabits the landscapes of Austria and Belgium. This range demonstrates the plant's ability to thrive in diverse European environments.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Northern Europe | Great Britain | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Norway | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Sweden | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Austria | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Belgium | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Germany | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Hungary | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Switzerland | WCVP |
| Southwestern Europe | Baleares | WCVP |
| Southwestern Europe | Corse | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, Tagetes minuta, utilizes various structures to achieve its medicinal and biological functions. The leaves are typically highly divided and aromatic, containing the essential oils and chemical compounds responsible for the plant's potent scent and therapeutic properties. Complementing the foliage, the flower heads are small, bright, and clustered, serving as the reproductive centers that produce seeds for the next generation while contributing to the plant's overall bioactive profile.| Plant Part | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| leaf | Natural product research (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| flower | BMC complementary and alternative medicine (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Tagetes minuta has 104 reported phytochemicals identified across 3 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Dihydrotagetone, LIMONENE, Tagetone, cis-Ocimene, 1,8-Cineole.
| Chemical | Supporting sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| Dihydrotagetone | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| LIMONENE | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Tagetone | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| cis-Ocimene | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 1,8-Cineole | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 2,3,5-Trimethylfuran | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 2,6-Dimethyl-7-octen-4-one | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 2-Hexen-1-al | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 5-(3-Buten-1-ynyl)-2,2'-bithienyl | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| ALPHA-PINENE | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Dihydrotagetone
- Natural product research
- Biomedical & environmental mass spectrometry
LIMONENE
- Dr. Duke
- Chemosphere
Tagetone
- Dr. Duke
- Biomedical & environmental mass spectrometry
cis-Ocimene
- Dr. Duke
- Chemosphere
1,8-Cineole
- Dr. Duke
2,3,5-Trimethylfuran
- Dr. Duke
2,6-Dimethyl-7-octen-4-one
- Dr. Duke
2-Hexen-1-al
- Dr. Duke
5-(3-Buten-1-ynyl)-2,2'-bithienyl
- Dr. Duke
ALPHA-PINENE
- Dr. Duke
Activities
Tagetes minuta has 368 reported activities identified across 3 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Antibacterial, (-)-Chronotropic, (-)-Inotropic, 11B-HSD-Inhibitor.
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| Antioxidant | Dr. Duke (and other 3 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Antibacterial | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| (-)-Chronotropic | Dr. Duke (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| (-)-Inotropic | Dr. Duke (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 11B-HSD-Inhibitor | Dr. Duke (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor | Dr. Duke (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor | Dr. Duke (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| ACE-Inhibitor | Dr. Duke (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| AChE-Inhibitor | Dr. Duke (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| ATPase-Inhibitor | Dr. Duke (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Tagetes minuta has 5 reported medicinal uses identified across 3 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include Aspergillus niger, diuresis, hyperglycemia, hypertension, spasmolytic.
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| Aspergillus niger | Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| diuresis | Planta medica (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| hyperglycemia | Bioresource technology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| hypertension | Bioresource technology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| spasmolytic | Genetics and molecular research : GMR (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Preparations
| Preparations | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| Crude organic extracts | Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| EO | Natural product research (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| EOs | Galen medical journal (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| acetone | Scientific reports (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| acetone extract | Scientific reports (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| essential oil flower | BMC complementary and alternative medicine (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| extracts with methanol | BMC complementary and alternative medicine (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| fractions with different solvents | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| methanol | Scientific reports (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| organic (OE) and aqueous extracts (AE) | Virology journal (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |