Stryphnodendron adstringens

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Mimosa barbadetiman
• Mimosa virginalis
• Acacia adstringens
• Stryphnodendron barbadetiman

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta within the class Equisetopsida. As a member of the subclass Magnoliidae and the order Fabales, it is specifically situated in the family Fabaceae. Its taxonomic identity is further defined by its placement within the genus Stryphnodendron.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a remarkably broad presence across the vast landscape of Brazil. Its natural range extends through the diverse ecosystems of Brazil North and Brazil Northeast. Furthermore, it can be found flourishing within the territories of Brazil West-Central and Brazil Southeast. The species also reaches into the southern reaches of the country, specifically within Brazil South. This wide-ranging distribution highlights the plant's ability to adapt to various Brazilian climatic regions.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Stryphnodendron adstringens is characterized by its preference for specific high-altitude terrestrial environments, primarily thriving within the Campo Rupestre and Cerrado (latu sensu) habitats. This species occupies a specialized elevational niche, typically found at altitudes ranging from a minimum of 700 m AMSL to a maximum of 1000 m AMSL. These ecosystems provide the distinct soil and climatic conditions necessary for its development within the Brazilian landscape.

Elevational range max:

1000 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

700 m AMSL

Habitat :

Campo Rupestre, Cerrado (lato sensu)

Life history

The life history of Stryphnodendron adstringens is characterized by its classification as a perennial plant, allowing it to persist through multiple growing seasons. As a phanerophyte, it maintains its photosynthetic organs on elevated stems above the soil surface, a life form trait that is consistently identified across its botanical descriptions. The plant exhibits a deciduous nature, shedding its foliage periodically as part of its seasonal physiological cycle.

Deciduousness :

deciduous

Life form :

phanerophyte

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Stryphnodendron adstringens is characterized by a woody growth form that can manifest as either a shrub or a tree. It is a terrestrial plant that functions as an independent organism, showing no parasitic behavior. In terms of stature, it reaches a mean height of approximately 5 m, with a maximum potential height of up to 6 m. Unlike climbing species such as vines or lianas, this plant is self-supporting and does not exhibit climbing tendencies, nor does it function as an epiphyte.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

tree

Growth form :

shrub

Parasite :

independent

Plant height max:

6 m

Plant height mean:

5 m

Woodiness :

woody

Physiology

The physiology of Stryphnodendron adstringens is characterized by specific metabolic and nutritional adaptations that facilitate its survival in diverse environmental conditions. The plant utilizes a C3 photosynthetic pathway, a common mechanism in many woody species where carbon fixation occurs primarily through the enzyme Rubisco during the Calvin cycle. Furthermore, this species possesses the capacity to act as a nitrogen fixer, utilizing symbiotic relationships with specialized microorganisms to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a bioavailable form, which supports its growth and nitrogen requirements.

Nitrogen fixer :

yes

Photosynthetic pathway :

C3

Reproduction

The reproduction of Stryphnodendron adstringens is characterized by the production of seeds that exhibit high uniformity in their physical dimensions. Based on available botanical data, the seed mass of this species is remarkably consistent, with a recorded mean seed mass of 0.09609 g. This consistency is further evidenced by the fact that both the maximum and minimum recorded seed mass values are identical at 0.09609 g, indicating a very narrow range of variation in the weight of individual seeds produced during its reproductive cycle.

Seed mass mean:

0.09609 g

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Stryphnodendron adstringens has 2 reported plant parts identified across 5 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include stem, leaf.

Stem

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
2. International journal of molecular sciences
3. Journal of ethnopharmacology
4. Phytotherapy research : PTR

Leaf

1. Frontiers in microbiology

Chemicals

Stryphnodendron adstringens has 17 reported phytochemicals identified across 5 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Tannins, Proanthocyanidins, Chromones, Condensed Tannins, Cytochalasin-H.

Tannins

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
2. Polymers
3. Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
4. Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology

Proanthocyanidins

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
2. Planta medica
3. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Chromones

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Condensed Tannins

1. PloS one

Cytochalasin-H

1. Planta medica

Epigallocatechin

1. International journal of molecular sciences

F2

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Gallic acid

1. International journal of molecular sciences

Gallocatechin

1. International journal of molecular sciences

Hydrolyzable Tannins

1. PloS one

Activities

Stryphnodendron adstringens has 11 reported activities identified across 5 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Antiviral, Antibacterial, Anticancer, Antimicrobial.

Antioxidant

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
2. International journal of molecular sciences
3. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Antiviral

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
2. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Antibacterial

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Anticancer

1. International journal of molecular sciences

Antimicrobial

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Antiprotozoal

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Antiulcerogenic

1. Phytotherapy research : PTR

Antivenom

1. Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology

Astringent

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Hypoglycemic

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Conditions

Stryphnodendron adstringens has 16 reported investigations on conditions identified across 5 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include wound healing, infections, wounds, Candida albicans, antioxidant.

Wound healing

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
2. Planta medica
3. Polymers

Infections

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
2. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Wounds

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
2. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Candida albicans

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Antioxidant

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Candidiasis

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Dental caries

1. Planta medica

Denture stomatitis

1. Planta medica

Edema

1. Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology

Hemorrhage

1. Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology

Preparations

Stryphnodendron adstringens has 18 reported preparations identified across 5 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include bark, Extracts, aqueous extracts (SAAE), crude extract, crude extract (CE).

Bark

1. PloS one
2. Planta medica

Extracts

1. Mycoses

Aqueous extracts (saae)

1. International journal of molecular sciences

Crude extract

1. Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology

Crude extract (ce)

1. Archives of microbiology

Decoctions

1. International journal of molecular sciences

Dry extracts

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Ethanol extract

1. Planta medica

Fractions

1. Phytotherapy research : PTR

Fractions (aqueous and diethyl acetate)

1. Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology