Stellaria media
Stellaria media · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (1 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Stellaria media is a botanical species that has garnered significant scientific interest due to its diverse range of biological activities. Research indicates that the plant possesses potent antiproliferative properties, making it a subject of study in cellular regulation. Furthermore, it functions as an 11B-HSD inhibitor and a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, suggesting potential roles in hormonal modulation. The plant also demonstrates activity as a 5-HT inhibitor, which may influence neurological pathways. These bioactive compounds are typically studied and utilized when the plant is processed into a dry powder preparation.
- Synonyms
- Alsine Media · Stellularia Media
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Caryophyllaceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Not available
Classification
Common Names
Stellaria media is a versatile plant known by a diverse array of common names across different regions and languages. In certain areas, it is referred to as Adi cincilim, highlighting its unique local identity. The species is also frequently recognized as Almindelig fuglegræs, reflecting its presence in various botanical contexts. Furthermore, names such as Bellichina and Bleiche Miere serve as distinct identifiers for this widespread herb. Finally, it is often called Bleiche Sternmiere, completing the rich tapestry of nomenclature used to describe this common plant.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Stellaria media is a plant species that is frequently identified by various taxonomic names in botanical literature. It is widely recognized by the synonym Alsine media, which can sometimes cause confusion for casual observers. Additionally, the name Stellularia media has been used as a synonym in certain historical or regional contexts. Understanding these various designations is essential for maintaining consistency in scientific studies. Navigating these botanical relationships ensures that researchers can accurately track the species across different records.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Stellaria media belongs to the diverse kingdom Plantae, representing a fundamental part of the botanical world. Within this vast group, it is classified under the class Equisetopsida. The plant further falls into the order Caryophyllales, which helps define its evolutionary lineage. It is a member of the family Caryophyllaceae, a group known for its distinct floral characteristics. Finally, it is situated within the genus Stellaria, marking its specific biological identity.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Caryophyllales |
| Family | Caryophyllaceae |
| Genus | Stellaria |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Stellaria media exhibits a diverse geographical distribution across several key regions of the African continent. Within East Tropical Africa, this species can be found growing in both Kenya and Tanzania. Its reach also extends to the Macaronesia island groups, establishing a presence in the Azores. Furthermore, the plant is documented throughout the Canary Islands and Cape Verde. These varied locations highlight the adaptable nature of the species across different African landscapes.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Stellaria media is characterized by its distinct growth form as a versatile herb. This plant is entirely self-supporting, allowing it to maintain its structure without external assistance. In terms of stature, it displays a significant range of potential sizes depending on its environment. While its minimum height can be as low as 0.01 m, it typically establishes a more noticeable presence starting at approximately 0.20 m. Ultimately, this herb can reach a maximum height of up to 0.8 m.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Stellaria media has been identified as a source of a novel antiviral protein known as Stellarmedin A. This highly basic glycoprotein demonstrates significant antiproliferative activity against various cancer cell lines. Specifically, the protein was found to inhibit the proliferation of promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 and colon carcinoma LoVo cells in vitro. Beyond its ability to target cancer cells, Stellarmedin A also shows promise in inhibiting the replication of the herpes simplex virus type 2. These findings mark the first report of a protein from this plant that possesses both peroxidase and antiproliferative properties.
Compounds
Conditions
Stellaria media was evaluated for its antileishmanial potential against the parasite Leishmania tropica KWH23. During the study, various extracts and fractions of this plant were tested to determine their effectiveness against the promastigote stage. Although Jurinea dolomiaea showed higher potency, Stellaria media was included in the phytochemical and toxicity screening for this specific pathogen. The research utilized crude methanol extracts and subsequent fractionation to observe how the plant components interacted with the parasite. Ultimately, the study assessed the plant's ability to act as a medicinal candidate for treating Leishmaniasis.
Preparations
Stellaria media is prepared as a dry powder to facilitate its medicinal evaluation. This powdered form was used to create a crude methanol extract for further study. The researchers then fractionated this extract using various solvents ranging from n-hexane to water. Through this process, the phytochemical composition and antileishmanial potential of the plant were assessed. This specific preparation method allowed for the testing of the plant's toxicity and bioactive properties.