Spigelia anthelmia
Spigelia anthelmia · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (1 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Spigelia anthelmia, commonly known as bedstraw dodder, is a botanical species recognized for its potent biological properties. This plant is notably characterized by its cardioactive activities, which influence heart function. A key chemical component responsible for these effects is the alkaloid known as spiganthine. Researchers and herbalists typically utilize various extracts to harness the medicinal potential of the plant. Understanding these specific chemical profiles is essential for studying its complex physiological impacts.
- Synonyms
- Spigelia Anthelmia Var. Nervosa · Spigelia Anthelmia Var. Obliquinervia · 6 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Loganiaceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Not available
Classification
Common Names
Spigelia anthelmia is a versatile botanical species known by a diverse array of regional and traditional names. Among its many common identifiers, it is frequently referred to as Arapabaca or Bouvier in various botanical circles. The plant is also recognized through the names Brinvilliers and Espigelia, showcasing its linguistic variety across different cultures. In certain contexts, it is even identified by the name Kemangi Cina, highlighting its unique place in local herbal traditions. This wide range of nomenclature reflects the plant's broad recognition and widespread presence throughout the world.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Spigelia anthelmia is a botanically complex species that encompasses several distinct taxonomic variations. Within its classification, it is closely linked to several recognized synonyms, including Spigelia anthelmia var. nervosa and Spigelia anthelmia var. obliquinervia. The plant's diverse identity is further expanded by the inclusion of Spigelia anthelmia var. peruviana. Researchers also recognize Spigelia domingensis and Spigelia fruticulosa as synonymous names within this botanical group. Understanding these relationships is essential for accurately identifying the various forms this plant can take in different environments.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Spigelia anthelmia is a fascinating botanical specimen belonging to the diverse kingdom Plantae. Within this vast kingdom, the plant is classified under the class Equisetopsida. It further resides in the order Gentianales, which helps scientists understand its evolutionary lineage. Moving down the taxonomic hierarchy, it is a member of the family Loganiaceae. Finally, this species is identified by its specific genus, Spigelia.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Gentianales |
| Family | Loganiaceae |
| Genus | Spigelia |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Spigelia anthelmia is a botanical species primarily distributed across the West Tropical Africa region. Its natural habitat spans several diverse nations, including Benin and Burkina Faso. The plant can also be found thriving within the borders of Ghana and Guinea. Furthermore, its presence extends into the Ivory Coast, marking a significant portion of its geographic range. This distribution highlights the plant's specific ecological niche within the West African landscape.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Spigelia anthelmia is a delicate herb characterized by its self-supporting growth form. This plant typically maintains a modest stature within its natural habitat. While its height can vary slightly, it generally reaches a maximum of approximately 0.61 meters. In some instances, the species may grow slightly taller, reaching a peak of up to 0.8 meters.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Spigelia anthelmia contains a potent bioactive component known as spiganthine, which serves as its primary cardioactive principle. This specific alkaloid was isolated from medicinal extracts of the plant and its chemical structure has been thoroughly established through spectroscopic methods. Research indicates that the substance exerts a significant biological effect on the cardiovascular system. Specifically, spiganthine functions by causing a delay in the contraction development of the heart muscle. These findings highlight the plant's significant pharmacological potential regarding heart function.
Compounds
Spigelia anthelmia serves as the natural source for the potent cardioactive principle known as spiganthine. This specific alkaloid is isolated primarily from the plant's medicinally used extracts. Through the use of spectroscopic methods, researchers have successfully established its complex chemical structure. The biological activity of the compound is notable for its ability to delay the contraction development of heart muscle. Consequently, spiganthine represents a key bioactive component within the medicinal profile of the species.
Conditions
Spigelia anthelmia contains a primary cardioactive principle known as spiganthine. This specific compound is isolated from the medicinally used extracts of the plant. The biological impact of spiganthine is characterized by a distinct delay in the contraction development of the heart muscle. Consequently, the plant functions by slowing down these critical cardiac contractions. This mechanism defines the therapeutic relationship between Spigelia anthelmia and heart muscle activity.
Preparations
Spigelia anthelmia is prepared as medicinal extracts to isolate its bioactive compounds. These extracts serve as the source for spiganthine, which is the plant's primary cardioactive principle. Researchers utilize these preparations to study the specific chemical structures found within the species. The isolation process from these extracts allows for the characterization of how the plant affects heart muscle contractions. Consequently, the preparation of these extracts is essential for identifying the pharmacological properties of the plant.