Solanum lyratum
Solanum lyratum · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (0 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Solanum lyratum is a botanical species that has gained significant scientific interest due to its complex chemical profile. Research has identified key bioactive compounds within the plant, including vanillic acid, daidzin, N-P-coumaroyltyramine, and N-trans-feruloyl-3-methyldopamine. These constituents are often studied through various preparations, such as dried whole herbs, 95% alcohol extracts, ethanol extracts, and the specific SL-BN formulation. Investigations into these extracts have focused on their biological impact on critical conditions like ICAM-1 expression and tumor progression. Consequently, the plant represents a promising subject for pharmacological exploration in the fight against complex diseases.
- Synonyms
- Solanum Lyratum Var. Maruyamanum · Solanum Kayamae · 11 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Solanaceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Not available
Classification
Common Names
Solanum lyratum is a versatile plant known by several distinct names across different languages and cultures. In English, it is most commonly referred to as lyreleaf nightshade, reflecting its unique leaf shape. This species is also recognized in Japan by names such as ヒヨドリジョウゴ, 白毛藤, and 白英. Moving to Korea, the plant is identified by the common name 배풍등. These diverse linguistic relationships highlight the global recognition of this particular species.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Solanum lyratum is a botanical subject characterized by a complex web of taxonomic synonyms. It has been formally identified in various scientific contexts as Solanum cathayanum and Solanum dichotomum. Furthermore, the plant is closely associated with the specific variation known as Solanum dichotomum var. lyratum. Researchers have also categorized it under the names Solanum dulcamara var. chinense and Solanum dulcamara var. lyratum. Understanding these diverse naming conventions is essential for accurate identification within the Solanum genus.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Solanum lyratum is a fascinating botanical specimen that belongs to the diverse kingdom Plantae. Within this vast kingdom, it is classified under the class Equisetopsida. This plant is further organized into the order Solanales, showcasing its specific evolutionary lineage. It belongs to the well-known family Solanaceae, a group that contains many economically important species. Finally, its taxonomic identity is solidified by its placement within the genus Solanum.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Solanales |
| Family | Solanaceae |
| Genus | Solanum |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Solanum lyratum is a plant species primarily distributed throughout the temperate regions of Asia. Within this vast range, it maintains a significant presence across various provinces in China. Its habitat spans from the north-central and south-central territories to the lush southeastern landscapes. Furthermore, the species can be found in the unique environments of Tibet and the tropical setting of Hainan. This wide-reaching distribution highlights the plant's ability to adapt to diverse Chinese ecosystems.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Solanum lyratum is a distinctive herb characterized by its obligatory climbing habit. This plant relies on external support to navigate its environment as it seeks sunlight. While typical specimens generally reach a maximum height of 1 meter, their development can vary significantly. Some instances of the species may stay as short as 0.5 meters in certain conditions. However, unexpected growth patterns have also been recorded reaching heights of up to 1.375 meters.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Compounds
Solanum lyratum is a plant species characterized by a diverse array of complex chemical constituents. Extensive phytochemical analysis has confirmed that this plant contains vanillic acid and the flavonoid daidzin. Researchers have also identified the presence of aspidistrin within its chemical profile. Furthermore, studies have isolated specific steroidal compounds such as degalactotigonin from the species. These varied components highlight the rich biochemical makeup that defines the botanical properties of Solanum lyratum.
Conditions
Solanum lyratum demonstrates significant medicinal potential by effectively treating H22 hepatic cancer and inhibiting the growth of S180 sarcoma-transplanted mice in a dose-dependent manner. The plant also functions as an anti-inflammatory agent, showing significant activity in both in vivo and in vitro experiments. Its therapeutic impact is further evidenced by its ability to treat ICAM-1, acting as a pro-inflammatory factor during quantitative screening. Additionally, the extracts of the plant treat the activity of Caspase-3 by significantly increasing its levels to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Together, these findings highlight the diverse biological activities of the plant in addressing inflammation and tumor progression.
Preparations
Solanum lyratum is prepared as a 95% alcohol extract to facilitate the investigation of various chemical constituents like flavonoids and amides. The plant is also processed as dried whole herbs which are subsequently extracted with boiling distilled water to study apoptosis in cancer cells. Furthermore, Solanum lyratum is prepared as SL-BN, a metal-free bio-nanozyme used for advanced synergistic tumor therapy. Research also utilizes ethanol extracts of the plant to observe anti-tumor activities in both in vitro and in vivo models. Finally, general extracts of Solanum lyratum are employed to demonstrate the inhibition of cell proliferation and the induction of apoptosis in human stomach cancer cells.