Smyrnium cordifolium

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant, Smyrnium cordifolium, belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta. It is classified under the class Equisetopsida and the subclass Magnoliidae within the order Apiales. Finally, it is a member of the family Apiaceae and falls under the genus Smyrnium.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a specific distribution across several regions in Western and Central Asia. In Central Asia, its presence is noted within the borders of Turkmenistan. Moving into Western Asia, it can be found growing in the territories of Afghanistan and Iran. The species also extends its range into the country of Iraq. Finally, its geographical reach concludes within the Lebanon-Syria region.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Smyrnium cordifolium is characterized by its preference for high-altitude environments, specifically occupying a niche within a distinct elevational range between 1800 m and 2200 m AMSL. This plant thrives in specialized habitats, primarily colonizing mountainous regions and finding suitable growing conditions in stony places. These rugged, rocky terrains provide the specific substrate and drainage conditions necessary for its survival within its high-elevation montane ecosystem.

Elevational range max:

2200 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

1800 m AMSL

Habitat :

mountains, stony places

Life history

The life history of Smyrnium cordifolium is characterized by a biennial lifecycle, meaning it typically completes its biological processes over a period of two years. During its first year, the plant focuses on vegetative growth, establishing a robust root system and developing its characteristic cordate leaves to accumulate the energy necessary for future reproduction. In the second year, the plant undergoes a transition to its reproductive phase, producing inflorescences to facilitate flowering and seed production before eventually completing its life cycle.

Lifecycle :

biennial

Morphology

The morphology of Smyrnium cordifolium is characterized by its growth form as a non-woody herb. The plant typically reaches a height ranging from a minimum of 0.4 m to a maximum of 0.8 m.

Growth form :

herb

Plant height max:

0.8 m

Plant height min:

0.4 m

Woodiness :

non-woody

Reproduction

The reproduction of Smyrnium cordifolium is characterized by a specific phenological window for its flowering stage. The flowering period for this species is concentrated within the month of July, with both the flowering start and the flowering end occurring during this specific month. This narrow seasonal window indicates a highly synchronized reproductive cycle, where the transition from bud development to full anthesis and subsequent senescence is condensed into a single month, likely driven by specific environmental cues or temperature thresholds characteristic of its habitat.

Flowering time :

Jul

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Chemicals

Smyrnium cordifolium has 6 reported phytochemicals identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Curzerene, Flavonoid, Polyphenol, Purine, Terpenoid.

Curzerene

1. Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents

Flavonoid

1. Scientific reports

Polyphenol

1. Scientific reports

Purine

1. Scientific reports

Terpenoid

1. Scientific reports

sugar

1. Scientific reports

Activities

Smyrnium cordifolium has 1 reported activities identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Anticonvulsant.

Anticonvulsant

1. Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents

Conditions

Smyrnium cordifolium has 4 reported investigations on conditions identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include absence seizure, anxiety, insomnia, seizure.

Absence seizure

1. Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents

Anxiety

1. Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents

Insomnia

1. Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents

Seizure

1. Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents

Preparations

Smyrnium cordifolium has 3 reported preparations identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include Essential oil, Smyrnium cordifolium extract, essential oil.

Essential oil

1. Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents

Smyrnium cordifolium extract

1. Scientific reports

Essential oil

1. Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents