Sinomenium acutum

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Menispermum acutum
• Cocculus acutus
• Cocculus heterophyllus
• Cocculus variiformis
• Nephroia caudata
• Cocculus diversifolius var. cinereus
• Menispermum diversifolium var. molle
• Sinomenium heterophyllum
• Sinomenium diversifolium
• Sinomenium acutum var. tomentosum
• Sinomenium acutum var. cinereum
• Menispermum diversifolium
• Marsdenia acuta

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Ranunculales, it is classified under the family Menispermaceae. Its specific taxonomic designation is defined by the genus Sinomenium, with the species name being Sinomenium acutum.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant is widely distributed across several key regions of East Asia. In China, its presence is noted throughout the South-Central, North-Central, and Southeast territories. Beyond mainland China, the species can be found growing in Japan. It also has a documented range within Korea. Consequently, its geographical footprint spans a significant portion of the Eastern Asian landscape.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Sinoemum acutum is characterized by its specific distribution across mountainous terrains, where it occupies a distinct altitudinal niche. This species thrives within a defined elevational range, typically found at altitudes starting from a minimum of 650 m AMSL and extending up to a maximum of 1700 m AMSL. This vertical distribution suggests that the plant is adapted to the specific microclimatic conditions, such as temperature fluctuations and moisture availability, found within these mid-to-high elevation montane zones. Such a range indicates that the species is likely sensitive to the environmental gradients present in its habitat, favoring the temperate or sub-alpine conditions typical of these specific elevations.

Elevational range max:

1700 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

650 m AMSL

Morphology

The morphology of Sinoeniun acutum is characterized by its growth form as a tree, exhibiting a robust and established structure. This botanical specimen displays a woody nature, featuring lignified tissues that provide the necessary structural integrity for its arboreal habit.

Growth form :

tree

Woodiness :

woody

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Sinomenium acutum has 4 reported plant parts identified across 10 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include stem, leaf, root, seed.

Stem

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
2. Die Pharmazie
3. Frontiers in plant science
4. Journal of natural products
5. Scientific reports

Leaf

1. Frontiers in plant science
2. Scientific reports

Root

1. Frontiers in plant science

Seed

1. Frontiers in plant science

Chemicals

Sinomenium acutum has 36 reported phytochemicals identified across 10 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Sinomenine, Sinomenine hydrochloride, Magnoflorine, (R)-Reticuline, (S)-Reticuline.

Sinomenine

1. Dr. Duke
2. Frontiers in pharmacology
3. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica
4. Oncology letters
5. Die Pharmazie

Sinomenine hydrochloride

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
2. Cell death & disease
3. Pharmaceutics

Magnoflorine

1. Dr. Duke
2. Frontiers in plant science

(R)-Reticuline

1. Frontiers in plant science

(S)-Reticuline

1. Frontiers in plant science

5'-O-acetyl uridine

1. Natural product research

ABA

1. Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

Acutumidine

1. Dr. Duke

Acutumine

1. Dr. Duke

Aporphine alkaloid

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Activities

Sinomenium acutum has 211 reported activities identified across 10 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include ACE-Inhibitor, Analgesic, Androgenic, Angiogenic, Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker.

ACE-Inhibitor

1. Dr. Duke

Analgesic

1. Dr. Duke

Androgenic

1. Dr. Duke

Angiogenic

1. Dr. Duke

Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker

1. Dr. Duke

Anorexic

1. Dr. Duke

AntiBPH

1. Dr. Duke

AntiCFS

1. Dr. Duke

AntiCrohn's

1. Dr. Duke

AntiHIV

1. Dr. Duke

Conditions

Sinomenium acutum has 30 reported investigations on conditions identified across 10 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include rheumatoid arthritis, neuralgia, rheumatic diseases, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Toxoplasma gondii.

Rheumatoid arthritis

1. Die Pharmazie
2. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica
3. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
4. Frontiers in plant science
5. PloS one

Neuralgia

1. Oncology letters
2. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Rheumatic diseases

1. Oncology letters
2. Planta medica

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Toxoplasma gondii

1. Veterinary parasitology

Acute lung injury

1. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

Adjuvant arthritis

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica

Arthritis

1. Pharmacological research

Autoimmune diseases

1. Pharmacological research

Cancer

1. Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B

Preparations

Sinomenium acutum has 10 reported preparations identified across 10 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include Sinomenine hydrochloride, alkaloid, Caulis Sinomenii, Sinomenine (SIN), Zhengqing Fongtong Ning (ZQFTN).

Sinomenine hydrochloride

1. International journal of molecular sciences
2. Pharmaceutics

Alkaloid

1. Planta medica
2. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry

Caulis sinomenii

1. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin

Sinomenine (sin)

1. Chinese journal of integrative medicine

Zhengqing fongtong ning (zqftn)

1. International immunopharmacology

Decocted sinomenium acutum

1. Acta medica Okayama

Ethanol extracts of stems

1. Journal of natural products

Pure alkaloid extracted from the chinese medicinal plant sinomenium acuatum

1. Kidney & blood pressure research

Sinomenine

1. Cell death & disease

Sinomenine hydrochloride

1. Cell death & disease