Senna rugosa

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Cassia rugosa

Sources: Wikidata

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta within the class Equisetopsida. It is further classified under the subclass Magnoliidae and the order Fabales, falling into the family Fabaceae. Ultimately, its taxonomic identity is defined by the genus Senna.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a widespread presence across several distinct regions of South America. It is documented to grow within the borders of Bolivia in Western South America. In Brazil, its distribution is extensive, covering the North and Northeast regions. Furthermore, the species can be found throughout the West-Central territories of the country. Finally, its range extends into the Southeast portion of Brazil as well.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Senna rugosa is characterized by its occurrence within specific Brazilian biomes, primarily inhabiting the Caatinga (strictu sensu) and the Cerrado (lato sensu). This species thrives within a defined altitudinal gradient, typically found at elevations ranging from a minimum of 300 m AMSL to a maximum of 1300 m AMSL.

Elevational range max:

1300 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

300 m AMSL

Habitat :

Caatinga (stricto sensu), Cerrado (lato sensu)

Life history

The life history of Senna rugosa is characterized by a variable lifecycle that can manifest as an annual, biennial, or perennial, depending on the specific environmental conditions and ecological niche it occupies. In terms of its structural growth habit and survival strategy, the plant exhibits a classification as a phanerophyte, indicating that its buds are borne on aerial shoots above the ground level. Furthermore, its specific life form can be identified as a nanophanerophyte, a designation that reflects its tendency to maintain relatively short woody stems or branches that elevate its reproductive structures slightly above the substrate.

Life form :

nanophanerophyte

Life form :

phanerophyte

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Senna rugosa is characterized by a woody growth form, primarily manifesting as a shrub, though it can occasionally exhibit tree-like characteristics. As a self-supporting plant, it does not function as a climber, liana, or vine, nor does it exhibit parasitic behavior, remaining entirely independent in its nutrient acquisition. The species is terrestrial in nature, lacking aquatic or semiaquatic tendencies, and it does not function as an epiphyte in any capacity. Reaching a maximum plant height of approximately 4 meters, the plant's structure is defined by its woody stems and robust upright development.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

tree

Growth form :

shrub

Parasite :

independent

Plant height max:

4 m

Woodiness :

woody

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Senna rugosa has 2 reported plant parts identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include leaf, root.

Leaf

1. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

Root

1. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

Chemicals

Senna rugosa has 4 reported phytochemicals identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include 2-Methoxystypandrone, CATECHIN, RUTIN, luteolin.

2-Methoxystypandrone

1. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

CATECHIN

1. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

RUTIN

1. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

luteolin

1. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

Activities

Senna rugosa has 1 reported activities identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Vermifuge.

Vermifuge

1. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

Conditions

Senna rugosa has 1 reported investigations on conditions identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include vermifuge.

Vermifuge

1. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

Preparations

Senna rugosa has 2 reported preparations identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include ethanolic extracts of the leaves (ELSR), ethanolic extracts of the roots (ERSR).

Ethanolic extracts of the leaves (elsr)

1. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

Ethanolic extracts of the roots (ersr)

1. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)