Scrophularia striata

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Scrophularia juncea

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta within the class Equisetopsida. As a member of the subclass Magnoliidae and the order Lamiales, it is specifically placed in the family Scrophulariaceae. Ultimately, it is identified under the genus Scrophularia as Scrophularia striata.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a specific geographical range that spans across parts of Central and Western Asia. Within Central Asia, its distribution includes the territories of Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. Moving into Western Asia, the species can also be found inhabiting the rugged landscapes of Afghanistan. Furthermore, its presence extends into the country of Iran, completing its regional coverage. These locations collectively define the natural habitat where this medicinal species thrives.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Scrophularia striata is characterized by its preference for mountainous terrains, specifically within habitats dominated by limestone substrates. This species occupies a broad vertical distribution across various altitudinal gradients, thriving at elevations ranging from a minimum of 500 m AMSL to a maximum of 2800 m AMSL. Its presence in these rocky, alkaline environments suggests an adaptation to the specific mineral compositions and drainage patterns typical of limestone mountain ecosystems.

Elevational range max:

2800 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

500 m AMSL

Habitat :

limestone, mountains

Life history

The life history of Scrophularia striata is characterized by its status as a perennial species, allowing it to persist through multiple growing seasons and maintain a stable presence within its ecological niche. In terms of its structural growth strategy, it is classified as a chamaephyte, meaning its perennating buds are located close to the soil surface, protected by the ground or leaf litter during unfavorable periods. This combination of a long-term lifecycle and a low-growing life form enables the plant to endure seasonal environmental fluctuations while effectively occupying its specific habitat.

Life form :

chamaephyte

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Scrophularia striata is characterized by a growth form that is classified as both a herb and a subshrub. It is a non-woody plant that functions as an independent organism, exhibiting no parasitic behavior. In terms of stature, the plant is relatively small, with a height that typically ranges from a minimum of 0.25 m to a maximum of 0.3 m.

Growth form :

herb

Growth form :

subshrub

Parasite :

independent

Plant height max:

0.3 m

Plant height min:

0.25 m

Woodiness :

non-woody

Reproduction

The reproduction of Scrophularia striata is characterized by a specific seasonal flowering window and highly uniform seed production. The flowering period typically commences in April and concludes in May, though the timing can be variable across different environments. During this reproductive phase, the plant produces seeds with a remarkably consistent mass; the mean, maximum, and minimum seed mass are all recorded at 5e-04 g, indicating a lack of significant variation in the weight of individual seeds produced.

Flowering time :

Apr

Flowering time :

May

Seed mass mean:

5e-04 g

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Scrophularia striata has 5 reported plant parts identified across 6 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include leaf, fruit, root, seed, stem.

Leaf

1. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR
2. Veterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal

Fruit

1. Scientific reports

Root

1. Veterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal

Seed

1. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR

Stem

1. Veterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal

Chemicals

Scrophularia striata has 18 reported phytochemicals identified across 6 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Acteoside, Echinacoside, salicylic acid, ABSCISIC ACID, CINNAMIC ACID.

Acteoside

1. Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB
2. Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology
3. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR

Echinacoside

1. Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB
2. Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

salicylic acid

1. Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB
2. Scientific reports

ABSCISIC ACID

1. Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB

CINNAMIC ACID

1. Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB

Coumaric Acid

1. Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB

Flavonoids

1. Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Gallic acid

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Nepitrin

1. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR

Polyamines

1. Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB

Activities

Scrophularia striata has 2 reported activities identified across 6 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antimicrobial, Antioxidant.

Antimicrobial

1. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM
2. Jundishapur journal of natural pharmaceutical products

Antioxidant

1. Jundishapur journal of natural pharmaceutical products

Conditions

Scrophularia striata has 10 reported investigations on conditions identified across 6 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include Hypertrophic Scar, allergy, eczema, inflammations, psoriasis.

Hypertrophic scar

1. Journal of pharmacopuncture

Allergy

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Eczema

1. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR

Inflammations

1. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR

Psoriasis

1. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR

Scabies

1. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR

Scarring

1. Journal of pharmacopuncture

Scrofulas

1. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR

Tumors

1. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR

Wound healing

1. Journal of pharmacopuncture

Preparations

Scrophularia striata has 12 reported preparations identified across 6 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include ethanolic extract, Scrophularia striata extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, aqueous extract, ethyl acetate extract.

Ethanolic extract

1. Jundishapur journal of natural pharmaceutical products
2. Journal of ethnopharmacology
3. Iranian journal of public health
4. World journal of plastic surgery

Scrophularia striata extract

1. Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR

Hydroalcoholic extract

1. Journal of pharmacopuncture

Aqueous extract

1. Jundishapur journal of natural pharmaceutical products

Ethyl acetate extract

1. Jundishapur journal of natural pharmaceutical products

Extract

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Hydro alcoholic extract of s. striata

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Leaf and seed filtered and unfiltered extract

1. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR

Methanol extract

1. Scientific reports

Methanolic extract

1. Jundishapur journal of natural pharmaceutical products