Scrophularia kakudensis
Scrophularia kakudensis · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (1 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Scrophularia kakudensis is a botanical species of significant interest due to its unique biochemical profile. Recent studies have focused on the leaf components of this plant to explore its therapeutic potential. Through the use of cell suspension culture, researchers can efficiently cultivate specific plant tissues for analysis. This preparation method has revealed that the plant is rich in bioactive flavonoids. Consequently, these chemical compounds contribute to the notable antioxidant activities observed within the species.
- Synonyms
- Scrophularia Kakudensis Var. Microphylla · Scrophularia Kakudensis Var. Toyamae · 10 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Scrophulariaceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Leaf
Classification
Common Names
Scrophularia kakudensis is a distinct botanical species recognized by a diverse array of regional common names. In Japan, it is known as オオヒナノウスツボ, while Estonian speakers refer to it as jaapani sealõuarohi. The plant also carries the Russian name Норичник какудский, highlighting its international presence. Within Chinese contexts, the species is identified by the names 丹东玄参 or the traditional character variation 丹東玄參. These various linguistic labels underscore the wide geographical reach and cultural recognition of this particular plant.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Scrophularia kakudensis is a complex botanical subject that encompasses several different taxonomic classifications. It is widely recognized through various synonyms, including Scrophularia cephalantha and Scrophularia erecta. The plant's diversity is further highlighted by its specific varieties, such as Scrophularia kakudensis var. latisepala and Scrophularia kakudensis var. microphylla. Additionally, the classification includes the distinct variety known as Scrophularia kakudensis var. toyamae. Understanding these interconnected names is essential for accurate identification within the species.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Scrophularia kakudensis is a distinctive botanical specimen belonging to the kingdom Plantae. Within this vast realm, the species is categorized under the class Equisetopsida. It further falls into the order Lamiales, which defines its broader evolutionary lineage. As a member of the genus Scrophularia, it shares close ties with its closely related relatives. Finally, its specific classification places it firmly within the Scrophulariaceae family.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Lamiales |
| Family | Scrophulariaceae |
| Genus | Scrophularia |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Scrophularia kakudensis is a plant species primarily found throughout the Asia-Temperate region. Its geographic range extends across several key areas, including China and the Manchuria region. In Eastern Asia, this species is well-established within the territories of Japan and Korea. Additionally, it can be identified in the Russian Far East, specifically within the Primorye area. These diverse locations highlight the broad environmental adaptability of the plant across its natural habitat.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Scrophularia kakudensis is a distinctive herb characterized by its sturdy, self-supporting growth form. This plant typically maintains a moderate stature, reaching a maximum height of approximately 0.75 meters. While its size can vary, it is most commonly observed within a specific height range during its development. Depending on environmental conditions, individual specimens may fluctuate between a minimum of 0.5 meters and a height of 1 meter. Such structural characteristics define its unique presence within its natural habitat.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Scrophularia kakudensis serves as a significant medicinal plant due to its rich accumulation of pharmaceutically valuable secondary metabolites. Recent research has focused on utilizing cell suspension cultures to create a sustainable source of these essential naturaceuticals. By employing chemical elicitors such as methyl jasmonate, researchers can effectively modulate the plant's metabolic pathways. These treatments significantly enhance the antioxidant properties of the plant, specifically by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Ultimately, this modulation boosts the scavenging potential of free radicals, highlighting the plant's strong antioxidant activity for large-scale pharmaceutical production.
Compounds
Scrophularia kakudensis is a significant medicinal plant recognized for its production of pharmaceutically valuable secondary metabolites. Recent research into cell suspension cultures has highlighted the plant's ability to accumulate various bioactive compounds. Specifically, studies have demonstrated that this species contains a diverse range of flavonoids. Within this chemical profile, the plant also contains acacetin, a specific flavonoid compound known for its multiple pharmaceutical benefits. By using elicitors like methyl jasmonate, scientists can further enhance the production of these essential substances for large-scale therapeutic use.
Conditions
Scrophularia kakudensis responds positively to both blue and red light-emitting diode (LED) treatments during in vitro cultivation. When exposed to blue LED light, the plant demonstrates increased shoot length, shoot diameter, root length, and overall biomass compared to a standard control. Similarly, treatment with red LED light enhances these same growth parameters and increases the plant's total biomass. The red LED light specifically elicits a significant accumulation of flavonoids within the plant's extracts. Ultimately, both blue and red LED light treatments serve to enhance the phytochemical content and medicinal value of Scrophularia kakudensis.
Preparations
Scrophularia kakudensis was prepared as a cell suspension culture to create a sustainable source of valuable pharmaceutically important secondary metabolites. This process began with the induction of friable calli from leaf explants using a combination of 6-benzyladenine and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid on MS medium. From these callus cultures, the cell suspension culture was successfully initiated to investigate cellular differentiation and metabolite accumulation. The establishment of this culture system allowed researchers to test various biotic elicitors, such as methyl jasmonate, to enhance the production of phenols and flavonoids. Ultimately, utilizing Scrophularia kakudensis in cell suspension cultures provides a viable method for the large-scale production of therapeutic compounds.
Parts used
Scrophularia kakudensis serves as a vital medicinal plant renowned for its pharmaceutically valuable secondary metabolites. To harness these compounds sustainably, researchers successfully established a cell suspension culture using explants derived from the leaf. This process began by inducing friable calli from the leaf tissue through specific hormonal treatments in a controlled medium. By utilizing these leaf-based cultures, scientists were able to study how various chemical elicitors enhance antioxidant properties and metabolite accumulation. Ultimately, this method provides a scalable way to produce important therapeutic substances from the plant's biological components.