Dwarf Marigold

Names and Synonyms

Common Names

• Dwarf Marigold

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Schkuhria anthemoidea var. guatemalensis
• Pectis bipinnata
• Pectis multifida
• Schkuhria glabrescens
• Pectis pinnata
• Rothia pinnata var. purpurascens
• Schkuhria abrotanoides
• Schkuhria abrotanoides
• Schkuhria abrotanoides var. pomasquiensis
• Schkuhria advena
• Schkuhria anthemoidea
• Schkuhria anthemoidea var. wrightii
• Schkuhria bonariensis
• Schkuhria coquimbana
• Schkuhria hopkirkia
• Schkuhria pinnata var. abrotanoides
• Schkuhria pinnata var. octoaristata
• Schkuhria anthemoidea var. wislizeni
• Schkuhria guatemalensis
• Schkuhria virgata
• Schkuhria wislizeni
• Schkuhria wrightii
• Tetracarpum guatemalense
• Tetracarpum virgatum
• Tetracarpum wislizeni
• Schkuhria pinnata var. wislizeni
• Schkuhria pinnata var. guatemalensis
• Schkuhria pinnata var. virgata
• Schkuhria wislizeni var. wrightii
• Rothia pinnata
• Tetracarpum pinnatum
• Schkuhria wislizeni var. guatemalensis
• Schkuhria wislizeni f. flava
• Tetracarpum pringlei
• Schkuhria pinnata f. pringlei
• Schkuhria anthemoidea f. flava
• Tetracarpum flavum
• Schkuhria wislizeni var. frustrata
• Schkuhria isopappa
• Schkuhria octoaristata
• Hopkirkia anthemoidea
• Rothia pinnata var. pallida
• Mieria virgata
• Tetracarpum anthemoideum
• Tetracarpum wrightii
• Amblyopappus mendocinus
• Schkuhria pringlei

Regional and Traditional Names

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Asterales, it is classified under the family Asteraceae and is identified by the genus Schkuhria. Specifically, this medicinal species is known as Schkuhria pinnata.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a varied geographical distribution across several European regions. In Northern Europe, its presence can be noted within Great Britain. Moving into Middle Europe, the species is found in both Belgium and Germany. The distribution extends further south to Southwestern Europe, where it inhabits Corsica. Finally, it is also commonly located within the borders of France.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Schkuhria pinnata is characterized by a broad altitudinal distribution, spanning from sea level (0 m AMSL) up to a maximum elevation of 3300 m AMSL, with an average elevational range of approximately 1325 m AMSL. This species demonstrates significant adaptability to varying landscapes, frequently occupying anthropogenic areas (Área Antrópica) and open grassland environments (Campo Limpo), where it thrives amidst modified or cleared vegetation.

Elevational range max:

3300 m AMSL

Elevational range mean:

1325 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

0 m AMSL

Habitat :

Área Antrópica, Campo Limpo

Life history

The life history of Schkuhria pinnata is characterized by an annual lifecycle, meaning the plant completes its entire developmental process—from seed germination and vegetative growth to flowering and seed production—within a single growing season. As an annual species, it relies on the rapid production of a high volume of seeds to ensure the survival of the next generation before the onset of unfavorable environmental conditions. Its growth pattern is driven by seasonal availability of moisture and nutrients, moving through a predictable phenological sequence that culminates in the dispersal of seeds, which then remain dormant in the soil to await the subsequent growing cycle.

Lifecycle :

annual

Morphology

The morphology of Schkuhria pinnata is characterized by a growth form classified as a non-woody herb and specifically a forb. This plant exhibits a low-growing stature, with a minimum plant height of 0.15 m and a maximum height reaching up to 0.6 m. In terms of its ecological habit, it is a terrestrial species that can exist in aquatic or semiaquatic environments. It functions as an independent organism rather than a parasite and is a terrestrial plant rather than an epiphyte. Additionally, while it possesses a self-supporting structure, it does not exhibit the characteristics of a vine, liana, or obligatory climber.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

herb

Growth form :

forb

Parasite :

independent

Plant height max:

0.6 m

Plant height min:

0.15 m

Woodiness :

non-woody

Physiology

The physiology of Schkuhria pinnata is characterized by a C3 photosynthetic pathway, which governs its carbon fixation processes and metabolic efficiency within its ecological niche. The morphological dimensions of its foliage are specifically regulated, with leaf lengths exhibiting a range from a minimum of 1 cm to a maximum of 4 cm. This variation in leaf size reflects the plant's adaptive physiological capacity to manage surface area for gas exchange and light interception.

Leaf length max:

4 cm

Leaf length min:

1 cm

Photosynthetic pathway :

C3

Reproduction

The reproduction of Schkuhria pinnata is characterized by the production of small, specialized fruits categorized as achenes. These fruits are indehiscent, meaning they do not split open at maturity to release their contents, instead relying on other dispersal mechanisms. The seeds contained within these fruits are notably minute, exhibiting a mean seed mass of 0.0010725 g. The individual seed mass within a population shows slight variability, with values ranging from a minimum of 0.00062 g to a maximum of 0.0015 g.

Dehiscence :

indehiscent

Fruit type :

achene

Seed mass max:

0.0015 g

Seed mass mean:

0.0010725 g

Seed mass min:

0.00062 g

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Schkuhria pinnata has 1 reported plant parts identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include root.

Root

1. Journal of evidence-based integrative medicine

Chemicals

Schkuhria pinnata has 9 reported phytochemicals identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Flavonoids, Tannins, Coumarins, Insulin, ROS.

Flavonoids

1. Journal of evidence-based integrative medicine
2. African health sciences

Tannins

1. Journal of evidence-based integrative medicine
2. African health sciences

Coumarins

1. African health sciences

Insulin

1. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

ROS

1. BMC complementary and alternative medicine

Saponins

1. Journal of evidence-based integrative medicine

Steroids

1. African health sciences

Tannin

1. Journal of evidence-based integrative medicine

Terpenoids

1. Journal of evidence-based integrative medicine

Activities

Schkuhria pinnata has 6 reported activities identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Antiglycation, Antiplasmodial, Cytotoxic.

Antioxidant

1. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM
2. Journal of evidence-based integrative medicine

Antibacterial

1. Journal of evidence-based integrative medicine

Antiglycation

1. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

Antiplasmodial

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Cytotoxic

1. BMC complementary and alternative medicine

Toxic

1. BMC complementary and alternative medicine

Medicinal Uses

Schkuhria pinnata has 11 reported medicinal uses identified across 1 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include Mycobacterium smegmatis, Plasmodium falciparum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacteria, candidiasis.

Most Reported Uses

Preparations