Scaphium scaphigerum
Scaphium scaphigerum · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (0 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Scaphium scaphigerum is a tropical tree species known for its distinctive and impressive botanical features. The plant is most notable for its large, boat-shaped fruits that hang prominently from the branches. These specialized fruits serve as a key characteristic for identifying the species within its natural habitat. Various preparations involving the fruits are often studied due to their unique structural properties. Understanding the biology of these fruits provides valuable insight into the life cycle of this remarkable tree.
- Synonyms
- Sterculia Scaphigera · Clompanus Scaphigera · 1 more
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Malvaceae
- Distribution
- Not available
- Plant Parts
- Fruit
Classification
Common Names
Scaphium scaphigerum is a unique botanical species recognized by a diverse array of names across different cultures and languages. In English-speaking regions, it is widely known by the common name Malva Nut Tree. Its identity shifts as one travels through Asia, where it is referred to as สำรองกะโหลก in Thailand and バクダイカイ in Japan. In China, the plant is frequently identified by the names 胖大海 or 莫大. These various regional titles highlight the global recognition and cultural importance of this remarkable tree.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Synonyms
Scaphium scaphigerum is a botanical species that is frequently identified by several different scientific names. In various taxonomic records, it is recognized by the synonym Clompanus scaphigera. Furthermore, the plant has been historically classified under the name Firmiana wallichii. Researchers may also encounter it listed as Sterculia scaphigera in older botanical literature. Understanding these various synonyms is essential for accurate identification and study within the plant kingdom.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Taxonomy
Scaphium scaphigerum is a distinctive species belonging to the kingdom Plantae. Within this vast biological realm, the plant is classified under the class Equisetopsida. It falls under the order Malvales, which helps define its specific evolutionary lineage. Furthermore, this species is a member of the genus Scaphium. Finally, its botanical identity is firmly rooted within the diverse family Malvaceae.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Malvales |
| Family | Malvaceae |
| Genus | Scaphium |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Scaphium scaphigerum is a tropical species widely distributed across several key regions of Asia. In the Indian Subcontinent, it can be found thriving within the landscapes of both Assam and Bangladesh. The plant also maintains a significant presence throughout the Indo-China region. Specifically, its natural range extends into the diverse environments of Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar. This broad geographic reach highlights the plant's adaptability to various tropical habitats across the continent.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Scaphium scaphigerum is a self-supporting tree that establishes a robust presence within its native habitat. As it matures, this species develops a substantial growth form capable of reaching impressive proportions. The height of the tree typically peaks between 30 and 36 meters. This towering stature allows it to stand prominently among the forest canopy.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Compounds
Conditions
Scaphium scaphigerum contains water-soluble polysaccharides that exhibit significant immuno-stimulating activity. These specific polysaccharides were isolated from the fruits of the plant to investigate their impact on the immune system. During in vitro testing, the extracts were found to enhance T-lymphocyte proliferation when analyzed via flow cytometric methods. This biological effect was measured against a positive control, showing that the plant's components actively influence cellular growth. Consequently, the polysaccharides from Scaphium scaphigerum serve as effective agents for treating T-lymphocyte proliferation.
Preparations
Scaphium scaphigerum is prepared as fruits for the isolation of water-soluble polysaccharides. These specific plant parts are utilized in studies focused on characterizing medicinal properties. The research examines how polysaccharides from these fruits contribute to immunological functions. Specifically, the extracts are tested for their ability to enhance T-lymphocyte proliferation. This preparation method allows scientists to investigate the bioactive potential of the species.
Parts used
Scaphium scaphigerum is a plant species recognized for its fruit, which serves as a significant source of bioactive compounds. In recent pharmacological studies, the fruit has been utilized to isolate water-soluble polysaccharides for immunological research. These polysaccharides were tested for their ability to enhance T-lymphocyte proliferation through flow cytometric analysis. The research demonstrated that such extracts can stimulate immune responses, showing activities that range between 4.5% and 27.0% at specific concentrations. This finding highlights the potential medicinal importance of the Scaphium scaphigerum fruit in supporting immune system functions.