Сиксаликс атропурпуреа

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Asterocephalus atropurpureus
• Cyrtostemma atropurpureum
• Columbaria atropurpurea
• Spongostemma atropurpureum
• Sclerostemma atropurpureum
• Sixalix atropurpurea
• Scabiosa maritima var. atropurpurea

Regional and Traditional Names

Sources: Wikidata

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Dipsacales and the family Caprifoliaceae, it is classified under the genus Scabiosa.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a diverse geographical distribution across several regions of the European continent. In Northern Europe, its presence can be documented within Great Britain. Moving into Middle Europe, the species is found inhabiting parts of Germany. Its range extends significantly into Southwestern Europe, where it grows in France and on the island of Corse. Additionally, the plant is distributed throughout the Baleares located in the same southwestern region.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Scabiosa atropurpurea is characterized by a broad altitudinal distribution and specific environmental preferences. This species inhabits a diverse range of elevations, beginning at sea level (0 m AMSL) and extending up to a maximum altitude of 1250 m AMSL, with a mean elevational range centered around 2600 m AMSL. In terms of landscape preference, the plant is frequently found in coastal habitats, where it adapts to the specific maritime conditions of these regions.

Elevational range max:

1250 m AMSL

Elevational range mean:

2600 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

0 m AMSL

Habitat :

Coastal

Life history

The life history of Scabiosa atropurpurea is characterized by its classification as a perennial plant, allowing it to persist through multiple growing seasons. Structurally, the species exhibits a life form defined as a hemicryptophyte, meaning its perennating buds are located at or just below the soil surface, protected by leaf litter or substrate during unfavorable conditions. This developmental strategy ensures its survival and ability to re-emerge annually, maintaining a stable presence within its ecological niche.

Life form :

hemicryptophyte

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Scabiosa atropurpurea is characterized by its growth form as a non-woody herb and forb. The plant is a terrestrial species that functions as an independent organism, lacking parasitic tendencies, and is classified as a self-supporting, non-climbing plant rather than a liana or vine. Its shoots exhibit an erect orientation, providing a stable structure for its development. In terms of stature, the plant displays variable height, with minimum measurements of 0.2 m, a mean height of 0.55 m, and a maximum height reaching up to 1.25 m.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

herb

Growth form :

forb

Parasite :

independent

Plant height max:

1.25 m

Plant height mean:

0.55 m

Plant height min:

0.2 m

Shoot orientation :

erect

Woodiness :

non-woody

Physiology

The physiology of Scabiosa atropurpurea is characterized by a C3 photosynthetic pathway, which dictates its carbon fixation processes and metabolic efficiency. Its leaf morphology plays a significant role in its resource acquisition and gas exchange, featuring an elliptic leaf form with dimensions that vary considerably. The leaf length ranges from a minimum of 1.5 cm to a maximum of 20 cm, while the leaf width exhibits a mean of 2 cm, with a minimum of 2 cm and a maximum reaching up to 12 cm. This variation results in a mean leaf size of approximately 9.4675 cm². Furthermore, the plant demonstrates a mean Specific Leaf Area (SLA) of 130.1 cm²/g, reflecting its internal leaf structure and its physiological strategy for balancing light interception with water conservation and biomass investment.

Leaf form :

elliptic

Leaf length max:

20 cm

Leaf length min:

1.5 cm

Leaf size mean:

9.4675 cm²

Leaf width max:

12 cm

Leaf width mean:

2 cm

Photosynthetic pathway :

C3

Specific Leaf Area (SLA) mean:

130.1 cm²/g

Reproduction

The reproduction of Scabiosa atropurpurea is characterized by a sexual process through bisexual flowers that exhibit a pink coloration. The flowering period typically begins in April and continues through August, with individual flowers measuring between 0.9 cm and 2 cm in length and ranging from 2 cm to 3 cm in width. Pollination is achieved via a biotic syndrome, specifically through insect intervention, and the plant does not exhibit self-fertilization. Following successful pollination, the plant produces indehiscent fruits classified as achenes, which reach a maximum length of 0.3 cm. These fruits are prolific, containing between 101 and 1000 seeds per fruit. The seeds themselves are quite small, with a mean mass of approximately 0.002208 g, ranging from a minimum of 0.0004 g to a maximum of 0.0063 g. Dispersal of the seeds is considered unspecialized, though it also exhibits anthropochorous tendencies.

Dehiscence :

indehiscent

Dispersal syndrome :

unspecialized

Dispersal syndrome :

anthropochorous

Flower colour :

pink

Flower length max:

2 cm

Flower length min:

0.9 cm

Flower width max:

3 cm

Flower width min:

2 cm

Flowering time :

Apr

Flowering time :

Aug

Fruit length max:

0.3 cm

Fruit type :

achene

Pollination syndrome :

insect

Pollination syndrome :

biotic

Reproduction sexual :

bisexual

Seed mass max:

0.0063 g

Seed mass mean:

0.00220833333333333 g

Seed mass min:

4e-04 g

Seeds_per_fruit :

101-1000

Self fertilization :

absent

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Chemicals

Scabiosa atropurpurea has 5 reported phytochemicals identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include 1,8-Cineole, Asperosaponin VI, CHLOROGENIC ACID, Cynaroside, Lutein.

1,8-Cineole

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Asperosaponin VI

1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

CHLOROGENIC ACID

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Cynaroside

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Lutein

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Activities

Scabiosa atropurpurea has 4 reported activities identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Allelopathic, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antioxidant.

Allelopathic

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Antibacterial

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Antifungal

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Antioxidant

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)