Sambucus ebulus
Sambucus ebulus, commonly known as the European elderberry or dwarf elder, is a deciduous shrub native to North America. Distinguished by its creamy white flower clusters and dark berries, this plant is valued in traditional medicine for its antioxidant properties and its potential to support immune system health naturally.
- Scientific name: Sambucus ebulus
- Family: Viburnaceae
- Native range: Europe
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta and class Equisetopsida. Within the subclass Magnoliidae, it falls under the order Dipsacales and the family Viburnaceae. Ultimately, it is identified by the genus Sambucus.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Dipsacales | WCVP |
| Family | Viburnaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Sambucus | WCVP |
Common Names
This plant, known scientifically as Sambucus ebulus, is referred to by various common names depending on the region and language. In Basque, it is called Andura, while in Polish, it is known as Bez hebd. In Russian, it is identified as бузина травяннистая, and in Romanian, it is simply called boz. Additionally, in Catalan, the plant is known as évol.| Language | Common Name | Source |
|---|---|---|
| eu | Andura | Wikidata |
| pl | Bez hebd | Wikidata |
| ru | бузина травянистая | Wikidata |
| ro | boz | Wikidata |
| ca | évol | Wikidata |
| hu | földi bodza | Wikidata |
| fi | ruohoselja | Wikidata |
| uk | бузина трав'яна | Wikidata |
| co | Sambuchellu | Wikidata |
| gl | engo | Wikidata |
Distribution
This plant exhibits a wide-ranging distribution across several key regions of the European continent. In Northern Europe, it can be found growing throughout Denmark and Sweden. Its presence is also well-documented across the British Isles, specifically within Great Britain and Ireland. Moving toward the center of the continent, the species extends into Middle Europe. Notably, this geographical reach includes the mountainous landscapes of Austria.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Northern Europe | Denmark | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Great Britain | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Ireland | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Sweden | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Austria | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Belgium | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Czechia-Slovakia | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Germany | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Hungary | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Netherlands | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, known as Sambucus ebulus or the European elderberry, contains various components that have been studied for their biological properties. The leaves and the woody roots are often examined for their chemical constituents, while the rhizome serves as a structural base for the plant's growth. Historically, much of the medicinal interest has centered on the flowers, which are often used in traditional preparations, and the fruit extracts, which are valued for their concentrated bioactive compounds.- Total parts
- 7
- Scientific sources
- 8
| Plant Part | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| leaves | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| roots | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| rhizome | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| fruit extracts | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| flowers | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| aerial parts with flowers | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| aerial parts (flowered browes) | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Sambucus ebulus has 6 reported phytochemicals identified across 6 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include chlorogenic acid, flavonoids, glycosides, polyphenols, steroids.
- Total chemicals
- 6
- Scientific sources
- 6
Most Reported Compounds
| Compound | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| chlorogenic acid | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| flavonoids | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| glycosides | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| polyphenols | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| steroids | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| tannins | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Activities
Sambucus ebulus has 2 reported activities identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Analgesic, Antinociceptive.
- Total activities
- 2
- Scientific sources
- 2
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Analgesic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antinociceptive | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Sambucus ebulus has 18 reported medicinal uses identified across 18 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include Candida albicans, Nausea, Triple-negative breast cancer, blood poisoning, breast cancer.
- Total uses
- 18
- Scientific sources
- 18
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Candida albicans | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Nausea | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Triple-negative breast cancer | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| blood poisoning | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| breast cancer | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| cancer | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| cardiovascular diseases | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| cold | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| edema | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| infections | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |