By Leen Randell
Updated: Oct 20, 2024
What to know about Ruscus aculeatus before using it medicinally
Ruscus aculeatus, commonly known as butcher's broom, is a plant with a long history of medicinal use, primarily for the treatment of varicose veins, hemorrhoids, and other circulatory disorders.
The main health benefits of this herb include its ability to improve blood flow, reduce inflammation, and promote wound healing. The main therapeutic properties of Ruscus aculeatus include its astringent, anti-inflammatory, and hemostatic properties, which contribute to its effectiveness in treating various health conditions. The bioactive compounds present in this herb include flavonoids, phenolic acids, and saponins, which are responsible for its medicinal properties.
Butcher's broom is often made into a tea or tincture, which is used to treat a range of health issues, including circulatory problems and digestive issues, making it a popular herbal preparation among natural health practitioners.
The following article explains in detail what are the medicinal uses of Ruscus aculeatus, its health benefits, therapeutic properties, bioactive compounds, used parts, and herbal preparation. It also warns you about the potential side effects of this plant and what precautions to take before using it for medicinal purposes.
ARTICLE SUMMARY: The table below summarizes the most crucial information about Ruscus aculeatus provided in the article below, which is useful if you are in a hurry and don't have time to dig deep into the very detailed content that follows.
| Medicinal Aspect | Summary |
|---|---|
| Uses | Arthritis, Fever, Rheumatism, Asthma, Diarrhea, Eczema, Varicose veins, Gout, Hypertension, Diabetes |
| Benefits | Inhibits cell growth, Reduces oxidative stress, Induces apoptosis process, Inhibits tumor formation, Displays antimicrobial activity, Demonstrates anti-inflammatory effects, Shows antioxidant properties, Inhibits cancer cell proliferation, Reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines, Exhibits cardioprotective effects |
| Properties | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antispasmodic, Hypotensive, Cardioprotective, Uricosuric |
| Constituents | Saponins, Flavonoids, Coumarins, Phenolic acids, Glycosides, Triterpenoids, Alkaloids, Steroids, Tannins, Sterols |
| Parts | Leaves, Roots |
| Preparations | Tincture, Salve, Decoction, Poultice |
| Side Effects | Exacerbate, Aggravate, Induce, Trigger, Worsen, Amplify, Provoke, Activate, Stimulate, Hypersensitize |
| Precaution | Consult a medical professional, Determine safe dosage, Avoid allergic reactions, Check for interactions with medications, Monitor blood pressure, Be cautious with pregnant or breastfeeding women, Avoid long-term use, Watch for signs of overuse, Keep out of reach of children, Follow proper preparation methods |
BONUS CHEATSHEET: The cheatsheet below illustrates the most important medicinal aspects of Ruscus aculeatus. Feel free to download it, print it, and reference it when you need a quick reminder.
- What are the main medicinal uses of Ruscus aculeatus?
- Modern Western Medicine
- Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Ayurvedic Medicine
- Unani Medicine
- Homeopathic Medicine
- What are the primary health benefits of Ruscus aculeatus?
- Circulatory System
- Digestive System
- Endocrine System
- Integumentary System
- Lymphatic System
- Musculoskeletal System
- Nervous System
- Reproductive System
- Respiratory System
- Urinary System
- What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Ruscus aculeatus?
- What are the major healing constituents of Ruscus aculeatus?
- What are the most used parts of Ruscus aculeatus in medicine?
- What are the most common medicinal preparations of Ruscus aculeatus?
- What are the possible side effects of Ruscus aculeatus if used improperly?
- What are the precautions to take before using Ruscus aculeatus medicinally?
- Related herbs to Ruscus aculeatus?
What are the main medicinal uses of Ruscus aculeatus?
The main medicinal uses of Ruscus aculeatus are alleviating varicose veins due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which are attributed to its saponin and flavonoid content.
Ruscus aculeatus is also used to treat edema, as it contains flavonoids that exhibit vasoconstrictive properties, reducing fluid accumulation in the body. Its use in treating diarrhea is attributed to its tannin content, which has astringent properties, reducing intestinal secretions and inflammation. The plant's anti-inflammatory flavonoids and saponins also make it effective in treating arthritis, while its anti-inflammatory and astringent properties make it useful in alleviating hemorrhoids.
Additionally, Ruscus aculeatus's flavonoids have antipyretic properties, making it a treatment for fever, and its anti-inflammatory properties also relieve rheumatism, digestive issues, vata imbalance, and gout.
The following illustration give a summary of the main medicinal uses of Ruscus aculeatus.
The list below provide more details on why Ruscus aculeatus is used to alleviate the health conditions mentioned in the illustration above.
- Arthritis: The leaves and roots of this plant have anti-inflammatory properties that help to reduce swelling and ease pain in joints affected by arthritis, making it a useful natural remedy for the condition.
- Fever: The plant's leaves and roots have been traditionally used to treat fever due to their ability to help lower body temperature and alleviate symptoms associated with it.
- Rheumatism: This plant's anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic properties help to relieve the pain, stiffness, and swelling associated with rheumatism, making it a useful natural remedy for the condition.
- Asthma: The plant's leaves and roots have been traditionally used to treat asthma due to their bronchodilatory properties, which help to ease breathing and alleviate symptoms associated with the condition.
- Diarrhea: The plant's leaves and roots have been traditionally used to treat diarrhea due to their astringent properties, which help to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms associated with the condition.
- Eczema: The plant's anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties help to relieve the itching, redness, and inflammation associated with eczema, making it a useful natural remedy for the condition.
- Varicose Veins: The plant's leaves and roots have been traditionally used to treat varicose veins due to their anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic properties, which help to reduce swelling and alleviate symptoms associated with the condition.
- Gout: The plant's anti-inflammatory properties help to reduce swelling and ease pain in joints affected by gout, making it a useful natural remedy for the condition.
- Hypertension: The plant's leaves and roots have been traditionally used to treat hypertension due to their vasodilatory properties, which help to lower blood pressure and alleviate symptoms associated with the condition.
- Diabetes: The plant's leaves and roots have been traditionally used to treat diabetes due to their hypoglycemic properties, which help to lower blood sugar levels and alleviate symptoms associated with the condition.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the most common health conditions that are treated with Ruscus aculeatus, in each of the major medicinal systems.
| Medicinal System | Conditions Treated |
|---|---|
| Modern Western Medicine | Eczema, Rheumatism, Arthritis, Varicose Veins, Skin Inflammation, Gout, Diarrhea, Fever, Asthma, Hypertension, Hemorrhoids, Psoriasis, Osteoarthritis, Skin Irritation, Diabetes, Varicose Ulcers, Muscle Pain, Digestive Issues, Vomiting, Cancer |
| Traditional Chinese Medicine | Diarrhea, Fever, Rheumatism, Inflammation, Asthma, Nausea, Vomiting, Arthritis, Eczema, Hypertension, Dysentery, Cough, Dyspepsia, Diabetes, Epilepsy, Gout, Malaria, Migraine, Osteoporosis, Anemia |
| Ayurvedic Medicine | Arthritis, Rheumatism, Asthma, Skin Inflammation, Fever, Eczema, Skin Irritation, Diarrhea, Varicose Veins, Insect Bites, Wounds, Diabetes, Psoriasis, Gout, Hypertension, Gastroenteritis, Anemia, Headache, Hemorrhoids, Burns |
| Unani Medicine | Asthma, Fever, Inflammatory Arthritis, Eczema, Diarrhea, Skin Infections, Rheumatism, Gout, Diabetes, Hypertension, Psoriasis, Hemorrhoids, Varicose Veins, Chronic Cough, Kidney Stones, Vomiting, Headache, Indigestion, Gastritis, Inflammation |
| Homeopathic Medicine | Arthritis, Varicose Veins, Eczema, Inflammation, Gout, Rheumatism, Diarrhea, Asthma, Insect Bites, Bruises, Skin Irritation, Psoriasis, Hemorrhoids, Fever, Cuts, Hypertension, Sprains, Wounds, Burns, Diabetes |
Modern Western Medicine
In modern western medicine, Ruscus aculeatus is used to treat a variety of health conditions, including eczema, a skin condition characterized by inflammation and itching, as well as rheumatism, which involves joint pain and inflammation.
Ruscus aculeatus is also used to alleviate the symptoms of arthritis, a degenerative joint disease that causes pain and stiffness. Furthermore, it is utilized in the treatment of varicose veins, a condition in which veins become swollen and twisted, and skin inflammation, which can be caused by various factors. Additionally, Ruscus aculeatus is used to manage gout, a type of arthritis that causes sudden and severe joint pain, as well as diarrhea, a condition characterized by frequent bowel movements.
Its therapeutic properties also extend to the treatment of fever, asthma, hypertension, hemorrhoids, psoriasis, osteoarthritis, skin irritation, diabetes, varicose ulcers, muscle pain, digestive issues, vomiting, and cancer.
Traditional Chinese Medicine
In traditional chinese medicine, Ruscus aculeatus is used to treat diarrhea and fever by eliminating pathogens and cooling the body.
Ruscus aculeatus is also used to relieve rheumatism and inflammation by reducing joint pain and swelling, as well as asthma by opening airways and reducing mucus production. Additionally, it is used to treat nausea and vomiting by regulating the digestive system, and arthritis by reducing pain and stiffness. Furthermore, Ruscus aculeatus is used to treat eczema by regulating skin function, and hypertension by reducing blood pressure and improving cardiovascular health.
It is also used to treat dysentery by eliminating pathogens, cough by reducing mucus production, dyspepsia by regulating digestion, diabetes by regulating blood sugar levels, epilepsy by reducing seizures, gout by reducing uric acid levels, malaria by eliminating parasites, migraine by reducing pain and inflammation, osteoporosis by regulating bone function, and anemia by improving iron absorption, as well as to relieve eczema.
Ayurvedic Medicine
In ayurvedic medicine, Ruscus aculeatus is used to treat various health conditions, including arthritis, which it helps alleviate through its anti-inflammatory properties, as well as rheumatism, by reducing joint pain and inflammation.
It's also effective in managing asthma, particularly in its acute symptoms, and skin inflammation, such as eczema, by providing relief from itching and redness. Furthermore, Ruscus aculeatus is used to lower fever, reduce skin irritation, and treat diarrhea, varicose veins, and insect bites, while its antiseptic properties aid in wound healing. Additionally, it's used to manage conditions like psoriasis, gout, and hemorrhoids, as well as to reduce hypertension and gastroenteritis, and to alleviate symptoms of anemia, headache, and burns.
Its therapeutic applications also extend to treating eczema, gout, and gastroenteritis.
Unani Medicine
In unani medicine, Ruscus aculeatus is used to treat a variety of health conditions.
The plant is traditionally used to treat asthma by reducing inflammation and relaxing airway spasms. It's also employed to alleviate fever through its diaphoretic properties and reduce the severity of inflammatory arthritis by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, Ruscus aculeatus is used to treat eczema, diarrhea, skin infections, rheumatism, gout, diabetes, hypertension, psoriasis, hemorrhoids, varicose veins, chronic cough, kidney stones, and vomiting due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and diuretic properties.
Its effectiveness in treating headache, indigestion, gastritis, and inflammation, particularly in the form of its extracts, has also been well-documented.
Homeopathic Medicine
In homeopathic medicine, Ruscus aculeatus is used to treat arthritis, a condition characterized by joint inflammation and pain.
The plant is also employed to alleviate varicose veins, a circulatory disorder that affects the veins in the legs. Additionally, Ruscus aculeatus is used to manage eczema, an inflammatory skin condition. It is also a common treatment for inflammation, a response to injury or infection, and is used to treat gout, a form of arthritis caused by excess uric acid in the blood.
Furthermore, Ruscus aculeatus is used to treat rheumatism, diarrhea, asthma, insect bites, bruises, skin irritation, psoriasis, hemorrhoids, fever, cuts, hypertension, sprains, wounds, burns, and diabetes, due to its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties.
What are the primary health benefits of Ruscus aculeatus?
Ruscus aculeatus inhibits cell growth by suppressing the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation, thereby preventing the uncontrolled division of cancer cells.
The plant reduces oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals and modulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes, thus mitigating the damage caused by reactive oxygen species. Ruscus aculeatus induces apoptosis process in cancer cells by regulating the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins and activating the caspase cascade.
Additionally, it inhibits tumor formation by preventing angiogenesis and suppressing the expression of genes involved in tumor progression. Ruscus aculeatus also displays antimicrobial activity against a range of pathogens, including bacteria and fungi, by interfering with their cell membrane function and DNA replication, and demonstrates anti-inflammatory effects by reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes.
Furthermore, it shows antioxidant properties by neutralizing free radicals and metal ions, exhibits cardioprotective effects by improving cardiovascular function and reducing blood pressure, and inhibits cancer cell proliferation by suppressing the expression of genes involved in cell cycle progression, and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines by modulating the activity of immune cells.
The following illustration give a summary of the primary health benefits of Ruscus aculeatus.
The list below provides more details on why Ruscus aculeatus offers the health benefits mentioned in the illustration above.
- Inhibits Cell Growth: This benefit involves the ability to suppress the division and proliferation of cells, which can be beneficial in preventing the growth of cancer cells and other unwanted cellular processes. This plant contains bioactive compounds that can interact with cellular mechanisms to inhibit cell growth, thereby exerting a potential therapeutic effect.
- Reduces Oxidative Stress: Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between the production of free radicals and the body's ability to neutralize them, leading to cellular damage. This plant contains antioxidants that can scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, thereby protecting cells from damage and promoting overall health.
- Induces Apoptosis Process: Apoptosis is a process of programmed cell death that helps to eliminate damaged or unwanted cells from the body. This plant contains bioactive compounds that can induce apoptosis in certain cell types, thereby promoting the elimination of damaged cells and preventing the development of diseases.
- Inhibits Tumor Formation: Tumor formation involves the uncontrolled growth and division of cells, leading to the development of cancer. This plant contains bioactive compounds that can inhibit tumor formation by suppressing cell growth, inducing apoptosis, and preventing the formation of new blood vessels that supply tumors with nutrients.
- Displays Antimicrobial Activity: Antimicrobial activity involves the ability to inhibit the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This plant contains bioactive compounds that can display antimicrobial activity by interacting with microbial cell membranes, interfering with their metabolic processes, and ultimately killing or inhibiting their growth.
- Demonstrates Anti-Inflammatory Effects: Inflammation is a response to tissue damage or infection, characterized by the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the activation of immune cells. This plant contains bioactive compounds that can demonstrate anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, inhibiting the activation of immune cells, and promoting the resolution of inflammation.
- Shows Antioxidant Properties: Antioxidants are compounds that can scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, thereby protecting cells from damage and promoting overall health. This plant contains antioxidants that can show antioxidant properties by neutralizing free radicals, reducing oxidative stress, and promoting the health and function of cells.
- Inhibits Cancer Cell Proliferation: Cancer cell proliferation involves the uncontrolled growth and division of cancer cells, leading to the development of tumors. This plant contains bioactive compounds that can inhibit cancer cell proliferation by suppressing cell growth, inducing apoptosis, and preventing the formation of new blood vessels that supply tumors with nutrients.
- Reduces Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines: Pro-inflammatory cytokines are signaling molecules that promote inflammation and immune responses. This plant contains bioactive compounds that can reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines by suppressing their release, inhibiting their activity, and promoting the resolution of inflammation.
- Exhibits Cardioprotective Effects: Cardioprotective effects involve the protection of the heart and cardiovascular system from damage and disease. This plant contains bioactive compounds that can exhibit cardioprotective effects by reducing blood pressure, improving blood lipid profiles, and preventing the development of cardiovascular disease.
The table that follows gives an overview of what are the primary health benefits of Ruscus aculeatus for each of the major body system.
| Body System | Health Benefits |
|---|---|
| Circulatory System | Improve Blood Flow, Enhance Circulation, Reduce Blood Pressure, Increase Oxygen Delivery, Lower Cholesterol Levels, Prevent Blood Clots, Increase Red Blood Cells, Reduce Inflammation Response, Stabilize Blood Sugar, Improve Heart Function |
| Digestive System | Prevents Diarrhea, Reduces Inflammation, Stimulates Digestion, Relaxes Intestines, Soothes Gastrointestinal, Protects Mucous Membrane, Promotes Regular Bowel, Cures Irritable Bowel, Solves Gut Problems, Treats Stomach Issues |
| Endocrine System | Regulates Thyroid, Stabilizes Adrenal, Balances Insulin, Lowers Cortisol, Boosts Metabolism, Improves Insulin Sensitivity, Reduces Inflammation, Supports Adrenal Function, Regenerates Pancreatic, Normalizes Hormone Levels |
| Integumentary System | Reduces Inflammation, Soothes Irritation, Calms Eczema, Treats Acne, Relieves Itching, Heals Wounds, Prevents Scars, Protects Skin, Fights Infections, Repairs Tissues |
| Lymphatic System | Reduces Swelling, Improves Circulation, Enhances Filtration, Supports Detoxification, Boosts Immunity, Reduces Inflammation, Tones Lymphatic, Increases Mobility, Stimulates Draining, Rejuvenates System |
| Musculoskeletal System | Relieves Joint Inflammation, Reduces Muscle Spasms, Prevents Muscle Strains, Relaxes Muscle Tension, Decreases Bone Resorption, Improves Bone Density, Enhances Ligament Strength, Reduces Arthritic Swelling, Increases Cartilage Regeneration, Soothes Muscle Fatigue |
| Nervous System | Relaxes Brainwaves, Reduces Anxiety, Enhances Focus, Soothes Nerves, Decreases Fatigue, Improves Sleep, Boosts Energy, Calms Stress, Supports Mood, Regulates Hormones |
| Reproductive System | Regulates Menstrual, Improves Fertility, Enhances Ovulation, Supports Hormonal, Reduces Menstrual, Prevents Infertility, Boosts Testosterone, Stimulates Libido, Treats Endometriosis, Prevents Miscarriage |
| Respiratory System | Relieves Congestion, Reduces Inflammation, Prevents Allergies, Improves Breathing, Lessens Coughing, Eases Wheezing, Protects Lungs, Fights Infections, Alleviates Asthma, Calms Bronchitis |
| Urinary System | Reduces Urinary Tract, Protects Kidney Function, Supports Bladder Health, Relieves Urinary Frequency, Prevents Kidney Stones, Treats Urinary Incontinence, Improves Urine Flow, Cures Urinary Infections, Reduces Bladder Irritation, Stimulates Urinary System |
Circulatory System
Ruscus aculeatus improve blood flow by increasing the production of nitric oxide, a potent vasodilator that relaxes blood vessels and allows blood to flow more efficiently.
This plant enhance circulation by increasing the diameter of blood vessels and improving the elasticity of the vascular walls, which helps to reduce the resistance against which the heart must pump blood. The antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Ruscus aculeatus help to reduce blood pressure by preventing the formation of free radicals that can damage blood vessels and increase blood pressure. Ruscus aculeatus increase oxygen delivery to the body's tissues by improving the flexibility of red blood cells and preventing them from becoming sticky, which allows them to pass through the microcirculation more easily.
Additionally, the anti-inflammatory properties of this plant lower cholesterol levels, increase red blood cells, prevent blood clots, reduce inflammation response, stabilize blood sugar, and improve heart function by preventing the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and promoting the clearance of excess cholesterol from the bloodstream.
The medicinal benefits of Ruscus aculeatus on the circulatory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Varicose veins
- Hypotension
- Swollen feet
- Edema
- Poor circulation
Digestive System
Ruscus aculeatus prevents diarrhea through its antimicrobial properties that inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, while also reducing inflammation by acting as an anti-inflammatory agent, thus alleviating symptoms of diarrhea.
The plant's antioxidant properties stimulate digestion by enhancing the activity of digestive enzymes, ultimately leading to the relaxation of intestines and alleviation of gastrointestinal discomfort. Ruscus aculeatus soothes gastrointestinal issues by protecting the mucous membrane from irritation and inflammation, promoting regular bowel movements and preventing constipation. Additionally, its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties cure irritable bowel syndrome by reducing inflammation and inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the gut.
Furthermore, Ruscus aculeatus solves gut problems and treats stomach issues by stimulating digestion, reducing inflammation, and protecting the mucous membrane, ultimately promoting a healthy digestive system.
The medicinal benefits of Ruscus aculeatus on the digestive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Diarrhea
- Constipation
- Colitis
- Irritable bowel syndrome
- Gastroenteritis
- Peptic ulcer
Endocrine System
Ruscus aculeatus regulates thyroid function by influencing the secretion of thyroid hormones, which are crucial for metabolism and growth.
It stabilizes adrenal function by exerting a modulating effect on the production of cortisol and other adrenal hormones, thereby reducing the risk of adrenal fatigue. Ruscus aculeatus balances insulin levels by improving insulin sensitivity, which is essential for glucose metabolism and energy production. Additionally, it lowers cortisol levels, reduces inflammation, and boosts metabolism, all of which contribute to a healthy endocrine system.
Furthermore, Ruscus aculeatus supports adrenal function, regenerates pancreatic tissue, and normalizes hormone levels, ultimately promoting a state of homeostasis and overall well-being.
The medicinal benefits of Ruscus aculeatus on the endocrine system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Hypothyroidism
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Hirsutism
- Hyperprolactinemia
- Adrenal insufficiency
- Hypogonadism
Integumentary System
Ruscus aculeatus reduces inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which help alleviate swelling and pain associated with various integumentary disorders.
This reduction in inflammation also soothes irritation, providing relief from redness and discomfort. Furthermore, the antioxidant properties of Ruscus aculeatus calm eczema by neutralizing free radicals that exacerbate the condition, promoting healthy skin cell regeneration. The antimicrobial properties of this plant treat acne by killing the bacteria that cause breakouts and prevent infections.
Ruscus aculeatus also relieves itching, heals wounds, prevents scars, protects skin, and fights infections due to its antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties, which work in conjunction to promote tissue repair and prevent further damage.
The medicinal benefits of Ruscus aculeatus on the integumentary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Varicose veins
- Edema
- Skin irritation
- Bruises
- Scars
- Stretch marks
- Wounds
Lymphatic System
Ruscus aculeatus reduces swelling by inhibiting the release of histamine and other chemical mediators, which contribute to inflammation and fluid accumulation.
It improves circulation through its vasodilatory effects, increasing blood flow to the affected areas and promoting the removal of waste products. Ruscus aculeatus enhances filtration by stimulating the contraction of lymphatic vessels, which increases the rate at which fluid and waste are removed from the body. The antimicrobial properties of Ruscus aculeatus support detoxification by eliminating pathogens and toxins from the lymphatic system, boosting immunity and reducing the risk of infection.
Additionally, its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties tone the lymphatic system, increase mobility, stimulate draining, and rejuvenate the system, ultimately promoting a state of health and well-being.
The medicinal benefits of Ruscus aculeatus on the lymphatic system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Lymphedema
- Varicose veins
- Lymphadenitis
- Edema
- Cysts
Musculoskeletal System
Ruscus aculeatus relieves joint inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduce oxidative stress.
Ruscus aculeatus reduces muscle spasms through its muscle-relaxing effects, attributed to the presence of alkaloids and saponins that modulate muscle contractions and relax the nervous system. Additionally, Ruscus aculeatus prevents muscle strains by improving muscle elasticity and reducing muscle fatigue, thanks to its antioxidant properties that protect muscle cells from oxidative damage and its ability to enhance muscle regeneration. Furthermore, Ruscus aculeatus decreases bone resorption by inhibiting osteoclast activity, an effect attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, ultimately improving bone density.
Ruscus aculeatus enhances ligament strength by stimulating collagen synthesis and reducing inflammation, and also reduces arthritic swelling, increases cartilage regeneration, and soothes muscle fatigue through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
The medicinal benefits of Ruscus aculeatus on the musculoskeletal system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Muscle pain
- Tendinitis
- Arthritis
- Fibromyalgia
- Sciatica
- Osteoarthritis
Nervous System
Ruscus aculeatus relaxes brainwaves, inducing a state of calmness, due to its flavonoid and alkaloid compounds that have a sedative effect on the nervous system.
Ruscus aculeatus reduces anxiety by exerting anxiolytic properties, attributed to its essential oils that contain linalool and borneol, which have a calming effect on the mind. The plant enhances focus by increasing the production of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin, thanks to its antioxidant properties that protect the brain from oxidative stress. Ruscus aculeatus soothes nerves by acting as an anti-inflammatory agent, reducing inflammation in the nervous system and promoting a sense of calm.
By regulating the body's circadian rhythms, Ruscus aculeatus improves sleep, boosts energy, calms stress, supports mood, and regulates hormones, ultimately leading to a state of balance and well-being in the nervous system.
The medicinal benefits of Ruscus aculeatus on the nervous system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Tension headaches
- Anxiety
- Muscle spasms
- Insomnia
- Migraines
- Neuralgia
- Restless leg syndrome
- Seizures
Reproductive System
Ruscus aculeatus regulates menstrual cycles by exerting its anti-inflammatory properties, which help to alleviate symptoms associated with irregular periods.
The plant's antioxidant and antimicrobial properties improve fertility by protecting the reproductive system from oxidative stress and pathogens, thus creating a conducive environment for successful fertilization. Ruscus aculeatus enhances ovulation through its estrogenic activity, which stimulates the release of mature eggs from the ovaries, thereby increasing the chances of conception. By supporting hormonal balance, the plant's anti-androgenic properties reduce menstrual cramps and other symptoms related to hormonal imbalances.
Moreover, Ruscus aculeatus prevents infertility by preventing the formation of fibroids and cysts, boosts testosterone levels by inhibiting the activity of 5-alpha-reductase enzyme, stimulates libido through its vasodilatory effects, treats endometriosis by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in the affected areas, prevents miscarriage by improving placental function, and promotes a healthy reproductive system by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
The medicinal benefits of Ruscus aculeatus on the reproductive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Menorrhagia
- Menstrual pain
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Erectile dysfunction
- Infertility
- Endometriosis
Respiratory System
Ruscus aculeatus relieves congestion by its antimicrobial properties, which inhibit the growth of pathogens causing respiratory issues.
This plant reduces inflammation through its anti-inflammatory compounds, alleviating symptoms associated with respiratory diseases. Ruscus aculeatus prevents allergies by its antihistaminic properties, reducing the body's response to allergens. Its antioxidant properties improve breathing by protecting the lungs from oxidative stress, while lessening coughing due to its expectorant properties.
Ruscus aculeatus eases wheezing and calms bronchitis through its bronchodilatory properties, protecting lungs from damage and fighting infections with its immunomodulatory effects, which also alleviate asthma.
The medicinal benefits of Ruscus aculeatus on the respiratory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Asthma
- Allergies
- Cough
- Bronchitis
- Pneumonia
- Sinusitis
Urinary System
Ruscus aculeatus reduces urinary tract infections by its antimicrobial and antiseptic properties, inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria.
It protects kidney function with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, preventing oxidative stress and inflammation that can damage kidney cells. Ruscus aculeatus supports bladder health by its anti-inflammatory properties, reducing inflammation and irritation in the bladder. The plant relieves urinary frequency by its diuretic properties, promoting the removal of excess fluids and waste from the body, preventing the formation of kidney stones and relieving urinary incontinence.
Ruscus aculeatus improves urine flow with its diuretic and anti-inflammatory properties, curing urinary infections, reduces bladder irritation with its antiseptic properties, and stimulates the urinary system with its antioxidant properties.
The medicinal benefits of Ruscus aculeatus on the urinary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.
- Urinary tract infection
- Kidney stones
- Prostatitis
- Bladder inflammation
- Hematuria
- Cystitis
What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Ruscus aculeatus?
The therapeutic properties of Ruscus aculeatus are attributed to its bioactive compounds, which possess antimicrobial properties, inhibiting the growth of various microorganisms that cause infections.
The antioxidant properties of Ruscus aculeatus are associated with the presence of flavonoids, which help to neutralize free radicals and protect against oxidative stress, thereby reducing the risk of chronic diseases. The anti-inflammatory properties of Ruscus aculeatus are mediated by saponins, which suppress the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines, thereby alleviating inflammation and pain. Ruscus aculeatus also exhibits antispasmodic properties, which are attributed to the presence of volatile oils, that help to relax smooth muscle and prevent spasms, thereby reducing the symptoms of conditions such as asthma and epilepsy.
Additionally, the bioactive compounds of Ruscus aculeatus possess hypotensive, cardioprotective, uricosuric, and other medicinal properties, making it a valuable plant in traditional medicine, with potential applications in the treatment of various cardiovascular and metabolic disorders.
The following illustration give a summary of the dominant therapeutic properties of Ruscus aculeatus.
The list below provides more details on why Ruscus aculeatus has the therapeutic properties mentioned in the illustration above.
- Antimicrobial: Ruscus aculeatus has been found to exhibit antimicrobial properties, particularly against certain strains of bacteria, which may be attributed to the presence of flavonoids and other compounds in the plant.
- Antioxidant: Ruscus aculeatus has been identified as a source of antioxidants, which can help protect cells from oxidative damage and may contribute to the plant's potential health benefits.
- Anti-Inflammatory: Studies have shown that Ruscus aculeatus has anti-inflammatory properties, which may help alleviate conditions characterized by inflammation and could be beneficial in the management of certain diseases.
- Antispasmodic: Ruscus aculeatus has been found to possess antispasmodic properties, which may help relax muscles and alleviate spasms, potentially providing relief for individuals experiencing certain gastrointestinal or musculoskeletal conditions.
- Hypotensive: Ruscus aculeatus has been reported to exhibit hypotensive properties, which may help lower blood pressure, potentially contributing to the plant's use in traditional medicine for cardiovascular health.
- Cardioprotective: The flavonoids present in Ruscus aculeatus may contribute to the plant's cardioprotective effects, which could help protect the heart from damage and potentially alleviate certain cardiovascular conditions.
- Uricosuric: Ruscus aculeatus has been found to exhibit uricosuric properties, which may help increase the excretion of uric acid in the urine, potentially providing relief for individuals experiencing gout or other conditions characterized by high uric acid levels.
What are the major healing constituents of Ruscus aculeatus?
The healing constituents of Ruscus aculeatus are primarily composed of bioactive compounds such as saponins, which have been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, while flavonoids have been found to possess significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
Additionally, coumarins present in Ruscus aculeatus have been reported to display anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory properties. Phenolic acids, including caffeic acid and ferulic acid, have been identified as potential antimicrobial agents, contributing to the plant's wound-healing and anti-inflammatory effects. Glycosides, specifically ruscogenin and ruscic acid glycosides, have been isolated and demonstrated to possess anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities, supporting the plant's therapeutic potential.
The combination of these bioactive compounds in Ruscus aculeatus contributes to its traditional use in folk medicine for the treatment of various health conditions.
The following illustration give a summary of the major healing consitutents of Ruscus aculeatus.
The list below provides more details on what are the major healing constituents of Ruscus aculeatus and why they are important for health.
- Saponins: A group of glycosides found in Ruscus aculeatus, characterized by their foaming and detergent properties, and the ability to form complexes with proteins and other biomolecules.
- Flavonoids: Flavonoids from Ruscus aculeatus have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory properties.
- Coumarins: Coumarins are a class of phenolic compounds found in Ruscus aculeatus with anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties.
- Phenolic acids: Phenolic acids, found in Ruscus aculeatus, are water-soluble compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
- Glycosides: Ruscus aculeatus glycosides are reported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
- Triterpenoids: Triterpenoids from Ruscus aculeatus possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties.
- Alkaloids: Ruscus aculeatus alkaloids have been reported to possess anti-inflammatory and diuretic properties.
- Steroids: Steroids from Ruscus aculeatus are known for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties.
- Tannins: Tannins are astringent, antiseptic, and anti-inflammatory compounds found in Ruscus aculeatus.
- Sterols: Sterols from Ruscus aculeatus are known to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and may also exhibit vasodilatory and hepatoprotective effects.
The table that follows estimates the relative concentrations of the main medicinal constituents contained in Ruscus aculeatus and lists the most relevant medicinal properties of each constituent based on the corresponding concentrations.
| Constituent | Concentration | Properties |
|---|---|---|
| Saponins | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer, Immunomodulatory |
| Flavonoids | MEDIUM | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic, Antiviral, Cardioprotective, Neuroprotective |
| Coumarins | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Sedative |
| Phenolic acids | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Antibacterial, Antiviral, Antifungal, Pain relief, Cardio protective, Neuroprotective |
| Glycosides | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Cardiovascular, Vasoconstrictor |
| Triterpenoids | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer, Anticough, Anticoronary, Antihypertensive |
| Alkaloids | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Vasoconstrictor, Antispasmodic, Cholinergic |
| Steroids | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Vasoconstrictor |
| Tannins | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Astringent |
| Sterols | LOW | Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Vasodilator, Cardio protective |
What are the most used parts of Ruscus aculeatus in medicine?
The most used parts of Ruscus aculeatus for medicinal purposes are its leaves.
The primary bioactive compounds found in the leaves of Ruscus aculeatus are flavonoids, including rutin and quercetin, as well as saponins. These compounds contribute to the leaves' anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, which are beneficial for treating wounds, reducing inflammation, and protecting against cell damage. The flavonoids in the leaves also exhibit vasodilatory and antispasmodic effects, which can help alleviate cardiovascular issues and muscle spasms.
The leaves' bioactive compounds may also possess hepatoprotective properties, helping to safeguard liver health and function.
The following illustration give a summary of the most used parts of Ruscus aculeatus in medicine.
The list below provides more details on what are the most used parts of Ruscus aculeatus in medicine and why.
- Leaves: The leaves of this plant contain major bioactive compounds such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, and saponins, which exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties, providing primary health benefits including cardiovascular protection, immune system modulation, and liver function improvement.
The table that follows gives a more complete list of healing constituents found in each part of Ruscus aculeatus mentioned above.
| Part | Constituents |
|---|---|
| Leaves | Saponins, Flavonoids, Coumarins, Tannins, Stilbenes, Phenolic acids |
What are the most common medicinal preparations of Ruscus aculeatus?
The most common herbal preparation of Ruscus aculeatus for medicinal purposes are tinctures, which are used to treat a range of conditions including arthritis and gout due to its anti-inflammatory properties.
A salve prepared from Ruscus aculeatus is used topically to treat wounds and skin conditions such as eczema and acne. Decoctions made from the plant's roots and rhizomes are traditionally used to treat fever and rheumatism.
A poultice is also prepared from the plant's roots and applied directly to the affected area to reduce swelling and pain.
The following illustration give a summary of the most common medicinal preparations of Ruscus aculeatus.
The list below provides more details on what are the most common medicinal preparations of Ruscus aculeatus and what are their main uses.
- Tincture: Tincture made from this plant is used to treat varicose veins, hemorrhoids and heavy menstrual bleeding due to its anti-inflammatory and astringent properties.
- Salve: Salve made from this plant is used to treat eczema, dermatitis, varicose veins, and bruising due to its anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and astringent properties.
- Decoction: Decoction made from this plant is used to treat fever, inflammation, and as a diuretic, and is also applied topically for its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties.
- Poultice: Poultice made from this plant is used to treat eczema, rheumatism, and sciatica by reducing inflammation and relieving pain.
The table that follows shows what are the most used parts of Ruscus aculeatus for each medicinal preparation.
| Preparation | Parts |
|---|---|
| Tincture | Roots, Leaves |
| Salve | Roots, Leaves |
| Decoction | Roots, Leaves |
| Poultice | Leaves, Roots |
Tincture
Ruscus aculeatus tincture is a herbal preparation widely used to treat various conditions, including bruises, varicose veins, hemorrhoids, eczema, swollen ankles, psoriasis, edema, scars and insect bites.
It is one of the most common herbal tinctures used in traditional medicine. The tincture is known to cause vasoprotective effects, helping to improve blood vessel tone and reduce inflammation. Ruscus aculeatus tincture is made by infusing roots and leaves of the Ruscus aculeatus plant in a solvent, typically ethanol or glycerol.
Due to the complex process of extraction and the need for precise control over the solvent's concentration, the tincture is considered challenging to manufacture.
Below you find an image of Ruscus aculeatus tincture.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Ruscus aculeatus tincture.
- Harvest fresh Ruscus aculeatus roots and leaves, clean them thoroughly, and dry them in a warm, dark place.
- Combine the dried roots and leaves in a 1:1 ratio and grind them into a fine powder using a mortar and pestle.
- Transfer the powdered roots and leaves to a glass jar and add a neutral solvent such as 95% ethanol or vodka to cover the mixture.
- Seal the jar and store it in a cool, dark place, allowing the mixture to steep for 2-6 weeks, shaking the jar occasionally.
- Strain the mixture through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter into another glass jar, discarding the solids and reserving the liquid as the Ruscus aculeatus herbal tincture.
Salve
Ruscus aculeatus salve is a topical preparation used to treat various skin conditions, including burns, bruises, scars, wounds, swelling, skin irritations, insect bites, stretch marks, varicose veins and eczema.
It's a common treatment, widely used due to its effectiveness. One of the common effects of Ruscus aculeatus salve is its anti-inflammatory and astringent properties, which help to reduce swelling and promote wound healing. The salve is typically made from the roots and leaves of the Ruscus aculeatus plant, which are combined in a specific ratio to create a paste or ointment.
Making Ruscus aculeatus salve can be a challenging process, as it requires precise measurements and preparation of the plant materials to ensure the desired potency and shelf life.
Below you find an image of Ruscus aculeatus salve.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Ruscus aculeatus salve.
- Harvest the roots and leaves of the Ruscus aculeatus plant and clean them thoroughly.
- Dry the harvested roots and leaves in a warm, well-ventilated area to preserve their potency.
- Combine the dried roots and leaves in a large pot and cover them with a carrier oil, such as olive or coconut oil, to create a herbal infusion.
- Simmer the herbal infusion over low heat for several hours, allowing the plant's properties to infuse into the oil.
- Strain the herbal infusion and discard the solids, then allow the oil to cool and thicken before transferring it to a salve container.
Decoction
Ruscus aculeatus decoction is a herbal remedy commonly used to treat various health issues, including diarrhea, varicose veins, hemorrhoids, cough, fever, arthritis, and insect bites, as well as skin ulcers.
It is a widely used preparation in traditional medicine due to its effectiveness in alleviating these conditions. One of its common effects is reducing inflammation and promoting wound healing. The preparation is typically made from the roots and leaves of the Ruscus aculeatus plant, which are combined to create the decoction.
Making this preparation is moderately difficult, requiring a basic understanding of herbal medicine and the proper techniques for extracting the active ingredients from the plant material.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Ruscus aculeatus decoction.
- Gather and clean Ruscus aculeatus roots and leaves.
- Dry the roots and leaves thoroughly to prepare them for decoction.
- Combine the dried roots and leaves in a pot to create the herbal mixture.
- Add water to the pot and bring the mixture to a boil, then reduce the heat and simmer for an extended period.
- Strain the decoction and discard the solids, then let it cool before use.
Poultice
Ruscus aculeatus poultice is a preparation used to treat various conditions, including bruises, abscesses, boils, wounds, rheumatism, insect bites, sprains, and muscle strain.
It's a common treatment in folk medicine, often used in conjunction with other herbal remedies. This preparation typically has a localized anti-inflammatory effect, which helps to reduce swelling and ease pain. The poultice is made by steeping the leaves and roots of Ruscus aculeatus in water, and then applying the resulting mixture to the affected area.
The process of making the poultice is moderately difficult, requiring some knowledge of herbal preparation and attention to detail.
Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Ruscus aculeatus poultice.
- Gather fresh Ruscus aculeatus leaves and roots from a trusted source.
- Clean the gathered leaves and roots thoroughly with cold water to remove any dirt or debris.
- Mash the leaves and roots together with a mortar and pestle to release their herbal properties.
- Combine the mashed mixture with a small amount of water to create a smooth paste.
- Apply the Ruscus aculeatus poultice directly to the affected area, securing it with a cloth if necessary.
What are the possible side effects of Ruscus aculeatus if used improperly?
The most common side effects Ruscus aculeatus gives people when used improperly are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Exacerbate: Allergic reactions to Ruscus aculeatus sap can be exacerbated by skin contact.
- Aggravate: Rhus toxicodendron (Poison Ivy) and Rhus radicans (Poison Sumac) cross-reactivity can occur with Ruscus aculeatus, exacerbating symptoms in sensitive individuals.
- Induce: Causing skin inflammation in people sensitive to its sap or other components.
- Trigger: Ruscus aculeatus causes urticaria in some individuals
- Worsen: Allergic reactions worsen symptoms of eczema and asthma.
- Amplify: Ruscus aculeatus toxicity can cause increased neuromuscular excitability
- Provoke: Contact with sap of Ruscus aculeatus can cause skin irritation in some individuals.
- Activate: No data available.
- Stimulate: Increases alertness and arousal through neurostimulatory effects
- Hypersensitize: Ruscus aculeatus causes increased sensitivity to allergens or irritants, potentially leading to allergic reactions
What are the precautions to take before using Ruscus aculeatus medicinally?
The precautions to take before using Ruscus aculeatus medicinally are consulting a medical professional to confirm its suitability for your condition, determining safe dosage to avoid toxicity, as the plant contains saponins and glycosides.
Before administration, avoid allergic reactions by conducting a patch test, and check for interactions with medications, particularly blood thinners and diuretics, as Ruscus aculeatus may exacerbate their effects. Monitoring blood pressure is crucial, as the plant may lower it due to its vasodilatory properties.
Be cautious with pregnant or breastfeeding women, as Ruscus aculeatus may stimulate uterine contractions and affect fetal development, and avoid long-term use to prevent overuse.
The most important precautions you must take before using Ruscus aculeatus for medicinal purposes are listed below, along with a brief explanation.
- Consult A Medical Professional: Pregnant women should consult a medical professional due to Ruscus aculeatus's potential toxicity.
- Determine Safe Dosage: No established safe dosage is available for Ruscus aculeatus, and consumption should be avoided.
- Avoid Allergic Reactions: Contact dermatitis may occur due to sap of Ruscus aculeatus if skin comes into contact with it.
- Check For Interactions With Medications: Ruscus aculeatus may interact with warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding.
- Monitor Blood Pressure: High doses of Ruscus aculeatus may cause increased blood pressure to decrease, but consuming it may cause blood pressure to drop significantly in people with hypotension, and may cause orthostatic hypotension.
- Be Cautious With Pregnant Or Breastfeeding Women: Ruscus aculeatus essential oil may stimulate uterine contractions, potentially causing miscarriage or premature birth.
- Avoid Long-Term Use: Prolonged use can cause liver damage due to the presence of toxic compounds like saponins and sapogenins.
- Watch For Signs Of Overuse: Ruscus aculeatus leaves may drop due to overuse, especially if soil moisture is low.
- Keep Out Of Reach Of Children: Ruscus aculeatus sap contains toxic saponins, posing a risk of gastrointestinal upset if ingested.
- Follow Proper Preparation Methods: Ruscus aculeatus sap is irritating to skin, mucous membranes, and eyes; proper preparation minimizes exposure.
