bramble
Rubus fruticosus · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Extensive (388 studies) · ★★★★★
Bramble, scientifically known as Rubus fruticosus, is a versatile, thorny shrub renowned for its nutrient-dense fruits. Beyond its culinary appeal, this plant holds significant medicinal value. Rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and tannins, it is traditionally used to support digestive health, reduce inflammation, and promote skin healing and vitality.
- Family
- Rosaceae
- Native range
- Europe
- Parts used
- Fruit · Leaf
- Common names
- Not available
- Scientific synonyms
- Rubus Plicatus Var. Hirsutus · Rubus Plicatus Var. Stipularis · 68 more
Names
Regional and Traditional Names
Spanish:
- Rubus fructicosus
German:
- Brombeere
- Rubus fructicosus
French:
- ronce commune
- ronce des bois
- ronce des haies
- mûrier des haies
- mûrier sauvage
- ronce ligneuse
- Rubus fructicosus
Scientific Names
Accepted name
Rubus fruticosusSynonyms
- Rubus plicatus var. hirsutus
- Rubus plicatus var. stipularis
- Rubus plicatus var. affinis
- Rubus plicatus var. cordifolius
- Rubus plicatus var. glabriusculus
- Rubus plicatus var. roseiflorus
- Rubus fruticosus var. caninus
- Rubus consimilis
- Rubus longepetiolatus
- Rubus plicatus var. albiflorus
- Rubus fastigiatus var. dissectus
- Rubus plicatus var. compositus
- Rubus plicatus var. micranthus
- Rubus plicatus var. nitidoides
- Rubus plicatus var. oblongifolius
- Rubus plicatus var. orbicularis
- Rubus plicatus var. paniculatus
- Rubus plicatus f. pilocalymmus
- Rubus plicatus var. planifolius
- Rubus plicatus
- Rubus plicatus var. aciliensis
- Rubus fruticosus f. affinis
- Rubus plicatus var. acuminatus
- Rubus fruticosus var. affinis
- Rubus plicatus var. affinis
- Rubus fruticosus subsp. affinis
- Rubus exaltatus var. plicatus
- Rubus plicatus var. dissectus
- Rubus plicatus var. apricus
- Rubus ernesti-bollii
- Rubus plicatus f. brevispinus
- Rubus plicatus var. carinatus
- Rubus plicatus subsp. consimilis
- Rubus aestivus
- Rubus plicatus var. consimilis
- Rubus plicatus var. duplicatoserratus
- Rubus avellanifolius
- Rubus plicatus subsp. amblyphyllus
- Rubus fruticosus var. plicatus
- Rubus plicatus microgène amblyphyllus
- Rubus plicatus subsp. typicus
- Rubus fruticosus subsp. plicatus
- Rubus plicatus var. foliosus
- Rubus fruticosus subconcolor
- Rubus plicatus var. imbellis
- Rubus holmiensis
- Rubus plicatus f. incisus
- Rubus nitidus subsp. plicatus
- Rubus plicatus subsp. interfoliatus
- Rubus plicatus var. interfoliatus
- Rubus plicatus var. latifolius
- Rubus plicatus f. latifolius
- Rubus plicatus f. longepetiolatus
- Rubus plicatus var. rosulentus
- Rubus plicatus subsp. rosulentus
- Rubus plicatus var. rosulentus
- Rubus plicatus f. rosulentus
- Rubus plicatus var. smiglensis
- Rubus plicatus f. stipularis
- Rubus plicatus var. sublanceolatus
- Rubus plicatus f. suboblongifolius
- Rubus plicatus var. pseudohemistemon
- Rubus plicatus f. viridis
- Rubus rosulentus
- Rubus sulcatus var. rosulentus
- Rubus teutobergensis
- Rubus thyrsoideus var. affinis
- Rubus spicifolius
- Rubus suberectus var. plicatus
- Rubus suberectus subsp. plicatus
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Rosales and the family Rosaceae, it is classified under the genus Rubus.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Rosales | WCVP |
| Family | Rosaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Rubus | WCVP |
Distribution
This plant is widely distributed across several regions within Northern Europe. In the British Isles, it can be found growing throughout both Great Britain and Ireland. Moving further north, the species is also established in the country of Denmark. Its presence extends into the Scandinavian Peninsula, where it is common in Norway. Additionally, the plant is frequently documented across the landscapes of Sweden.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Northern Europe | Denmark | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Great Britain | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Ireland | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Norway | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Sweden | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Austria | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Belgium | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Czechia-Slovakia | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Germany | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Hungary | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, commonly known as blackberry, contains various components that are utilized for their diverse therapeutic properties. The nutrient-rich leaves are frequently used in herbal preparations due to their antioxidant content, while the juicy fruit serves as a primary source of vitamins and polyphenols. In modern biotechnology, researchers utilize suspension cultures to mass-produce specific bioactive compounds in a controlled laboratory environment, bypassing the need for seasonal harvesting. Furthermore, the concentrated berries extract is highly valued in both the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries for its potent anti-inflammatory and skin-protective qualities.| Plant Part | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| fruit | BioMed research international (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| leaf | Acta poloniae pharmaceutica (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Rubus fruticosus has 47 reported phytochemicals identified across 4 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Anthocyanins, Tannins, arbutin, malic acid, 2-hydroxyursolic Acid.
| Chemical | Supporting sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| Anthocyanins | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Tannins | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| arbutin | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| malic acid | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 2-hydroxyursolic Acid | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Albumin | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Astragalin | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| BORON | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| CHLOROGENIC ACID | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| CU | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Anthocyanins
- Pharmacognosy reviews
- International journal of biological macromolecules
Tannins
- Journal of ethnopharmacology
- Pharmacognosy reviews
arbutin
- Dr. Duke
- Journal of ethnopharmacology
malic acid
- Dr. Duke
- Pharmacognosy reviews
2-hydroxyursolic Acid
- Dr. Duke
Albumin
- Pharmacognosy reviews
Astragalin
- Journal of ethnopharmacology
BORON
- Dr. Duke
CHLOROGENIC ACID
- Dr. Duke
CU
- Acta poloniae pharmaceutica
Activities
Rubus fruticosus has 301 reported activities identified across 4 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Anticancer, Antiviral, Antidiabetic.
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| Antioxidant | Dr. Duke (and other 5 sources) | ★★★☆☆ |
| Antimicrobial | Toxicology reports (and other 4 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Anticancer | Dr. Duke (and other 3 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Antiviral | Dr. Duke (and other 3 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Antidiabetic | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Cytotoxic | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Acaricide | Dr. Duke (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Acidulant | Dr. Duke (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Additive | Dr. Duke (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor | Dr. Duke (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Rubus fruticosus has 11 reported medicinal uses identified across 4 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include antioxidant, antiviral, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, cyclin D1.
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| antioxidant | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| antiviral | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| antidiabetic | Pharmacognosy reviews (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| antidiarrheal | Pharmacognosy reviews (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| cyclin D1 | Toxicology and applied pharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| hyperglycemia | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| hyperlipidemia | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| infectious diseases | Toxicology reports (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| inflammation | Toxicology and applied pharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| insulin resistance | Current pharmaceutical design (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Preparations
| Preparations | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| berries extract | BioMed research international (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| ethyl acetate extract | BioMed research international (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| polyherbal mixture decoction | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |