madder
Rubia tinctorum · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (32 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Madder, scientifically known as Rubiia tincturia, is a perennial plant renowned for its vibrant red roots. Historically prized as a potent natural dye, it also holds significant ethnobotanical importance. In traditional medicine, various parts are utilized for their bioactive compounds, offering diverse therapeutic potential in various holistic practices.
Names
Common Names
- Madder
- Indian madder
- dyer's madder
Regional and Traditional Names
Spanish:
- Raspa-lengua
- Rubia sativa
- Rubia mayor
- Rubia que se planta y labra
- Rubia sylvestris
- Sangra-lengua
- Rúbea
- Galium rubia
- Rubia roja
- Sangralengua
- Rubia acaliculata
- Rubia de tintes
- Rubia tinctoria
- Rubia de tintoreros
- Rubea
- Rubia montesina
- granza
- rubia de tintes
German:
- Färberkrapp
- Färberröte
- Echte Färberröte
- Rubia tinctoria
- Krapplack
- Färber-Krapp
- Färberröte
- Faerber-Roete
- Färber-Röte
- Färberkrapp
French:
- Garance des teinturiers
- Rubia tinctoria
- garance
- garance des teinturiers
- Rouge des teinturiers
Scientific Names
Accepted name
Rubia tinctorumSynonyms
- Galium rubia
- Rubia iberica
- Rubia peregrina subsp. tinctorum
- Rubia tinctorum var. culta
- Rubia acaliculata
- Rubia tinctorum var. grandifolia
- Rubia tinctorum var. latifolia
- Rubia tinctorum var. iberica
- Rubia tinctorum f. petiolaris
- Rubia tinctorum var. pubescens
- Rubia tinctorum var. sativa
- Rubia sylvestris
- Rubia sativa
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Gentianaales, it is classified under the family Rubiaceae. Ultimately, its taxonomic identity is defined by its placement in the genus Rubia.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Gentianales | WCVP |
| Family | Rubiaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Rubia | WCVP |
Distribution
This plant exhibits a widespread presence across several distinct regions of the European continent. In Northern Europe, its distribution can be observed within the borders of Great Britain. Moving into Middle Europe, the species is commonly found throughout Germany and Austria. It also maintains a significant presence across the territories of Czechia and Slovakia. Furthermore, the plant can be located within the geographical boundaries of Hungary.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Northern Europe | Great Britain | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Austria | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Czechia-Slovakia | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Germany | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Hungary | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Netherlands | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Switzerland | WCVP |
| Southwestern Europe | Baleares | WCVP |
| Southwestern Europe | Corse | WCVP |
| Southwestern Europe | France | WCVP |
Chemicals
Rubia tinctorum has 15 reported phytochemicals identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Alizarin, Lucidin, Xanthopurpurin, emodin, 2-HYDROXYANTHRAQUINONE.
| Chemical | Supporting sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| Alizarin | 5 supporting sources | ★★★☆☆ |
| Lucidin | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Xanthopurpurin | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| emodin | 2 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 2-HYDROXYANTHRAQUINONE | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Anthragallol | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Anthraquinones | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| CHRYSOPHANIC ACID | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Flavonoids | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Lucidinprimeveroside | 1 supporting sources | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Alizarin
- ACS omega
- Planta medica
- Carcinogenesis
- Fitoterapia
- Metabolites
Lucidin
- Planta medica
- Carcinogenesis
Xanthopurpurin
- ACS omega
- Planta medica
emodin
- ACS omega
- Fitoterapia
2-HYDROXYANTHRAQUINONE
- ACS omega
Anthragallol
- ACS omega
Anthraquinones
- Metabolites
CHRYSOPHANIC ACID
- ACS omega
Flavonoids
- BMC research notes
Lucidinprimeveroside
- Carcinogenesis
Activities
Rubia tinctorum has 4 reported activities identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Anticancer, Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Hemostatic.
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| Anticancer | ACS omega (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antibacterial | Metabolites (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antioxidant | Metabolites (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Hemostatic | Metabolites (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Rubia tinctorum has 4 reported medicinal uses identified across 0 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include antioxidant, breast cancer, cancer, hemostatic.
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| antioxidant | Metabolites (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| breast cancer | ACS omega (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| cancer | ACS omega (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| hemostatic | Metabolites (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Preparations
| Preparations | Sources | Consensus |
|---|---|---|
| aqueous extracts | Phytotherapy research : PTR (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| methanol extracts | Fitoterapia (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |