Rosa multiflora
Rosa multiflora · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Sparse (1 studies) · ★☆☆☆☆
Rosa multiflora is a versatile plant species valued for its diverse range of biological activities. The fruit and seeds are particularly significant, serving as the basis for preparations like pseudocarps and the crude drug "Eijitsu." These components exhibit notable pharmacological properties, including acting as a 5-HT-inhibitor, an ACE-inhibitor, and an aldehyde-oxidase-inhibitor. Additionally, the plant functions as both an acidulant and a purgative, offering various therapeutic applications. Its ability to interact with conditions involving heavy metals further highlights its complex chemical profile.
- Synonyms
- Not available
- Common names
- Not available
- Family
- Rosaceae
- Distribution
- Africa
- Plant Parts
- Fruit · Seed
Classification
Common Names
Rosa multiflora is a versatile plant recognized by a diverse array of regional and descriptive names. It is widely known in English-speaking areas as the Many-Flowered Rose or the Many-flowered Rose. In different cultural contexts, it is also frequently referred to as the Japanese rose. Some linguistic variations include the German name Büschel-Rose and the Welsh name Rhosyn Amlflodeuog. These various common names highlight the widespread presence and botanical character of this species across the globe.
Sources: Catalogue of Life (COL)
Taxonomy
Rosa multiflora belongs to the diverse kingdom Plantae, showcasing the vast complexity of the living world. Within this kingdom, it is classified under the class Equisetopsida, a group that includes many essential flowering plants. Its taxonomic journey continues through the order Rosales, which helps define its evolutionary path. Furthermore, this species is a prominent member of the family Rosaceae, sharing characteristics with many well-known garden blooms. Ultimately, its biological identity is solidified within the genus Rosa, marking it as a distinct part of this celebrated group.
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Streptophyta |
| Class | Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae |
| Order | Rosales |
| Family | Rosaceae |
| Genus | Rosa |
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Distribution
Geographic Regions
Rosa multiflora exhibits a wide geographic distribution that spans multiple continents and diverse ecological zones. In Africa, the species is found across various regions, including Macaronesia, the Canary Islands, and Madeira. Its presence extends further into Northern Africa, specifically within Morocco, and reaches the West-Central Tropical Africa and the Gulf of Guinea Islands. Beyond the African continent, the plant also thrives within the Asia-Temperate zone. Notably, it has established itself in the Central Asian landscapes of Kazakhstan.
Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)
Identification
Morphology
Rosa multiflora is a versatile plant that typically takes on a robust shrub growth form. As a self-supporting species, it maintains its own structure without the need for external assistance. The plant's stature varies significantly, with a minimum height starting as low as 1 meter. For most specimens, the typical height begins at approximately 1.5 meters. Ultimately, this vigorous shrub can reach a maximum height of 7 meters.
Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)
Biological Activities
Rosa multiflora is recognized for its significant purgative activity, a property traditionally utilized in Japanese medicine through the crude drug known as "Eijitsu." Research indicates that the seeds of this plant exhibit a potent effect, with a 50% effective dose (ED50) measured at 5.6 g/kg. Beyond the seeds, scientists have successfully isolated a specific new purgative compound called multinoside A acetate from the plant's pseudocarps. This isolated compound demonstrated its own efficacy with an ED50 value of 150 mg/kg during testing. These findings highlight the medicinal importance of the species and distinguish its chemical profile from related plants like R. wichuraiana.
Compounds
Conditions
Rosa multiflora demonstrates the ability to phytoextract heavy metals from municipal sewage sludge, including cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), and nickel (Ni). While the plant is capable of taking up these specific metals, it is notably less efficient at it than Virginia fanpetals. Despite this lower efficiency for certain elements, Rosa multiflora excels in the phytoextraction of lead (Pb). The plant's uptake of these heavy metals increases significantly alongside higher doses of sewage sludge fertilization. Consequently, Rosa multiflora plays a distinct role in the removal of various toxic elements from contaminated environments.
Preparations
Rosa multiflora is prepared as pseudocarps, seeds, and the crude drug known as "Eijitsu." In Japanese traditional medicine, these different forms are utilized for their purgative properties. Scientific analysis shows that the seeds of the plant possess significant purgative activity. Furthermore, researchers have isolated specific compounds, such as multinoside A acetate, from the plant's pseudocarps. These various preparations highlight the medicinal versatility of Rosa multiflora in traditional practices.
Parts used
Rosa multiflora contains specific botanical components that have long been valued in Japanese traditional medicine. The plant possesses both fruit, in the form of pseudocarps, and seeds which are utilized as a crude drug known as "Eijitsu." Scientific research into these parts has revealed significant purgative properties, particularly within the seeds. Studies have shown that the seeds of this species are highly effective, yielding a low effective dose in medicinal tests. Additionally, the isolation of compounds like multinoside A acetate from the fruit highlights the complex chemical profile found within its various parts.