By Leen Randell

Updated: Oct 21, 2024

What to know about Psidium guajava before using it medicinally

Psidium guajava, commonly known as guava, is a medicinal herb used to treat various health conditions, including diarrhea, dysentery, and gastrointestinal disorders.

The main health benefits of Psidium guajava include its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties, which help to reduce inflammation, prevent infections, and protect against oxidative stress. The herb's therapeutic properties are attributed to its ability to exhibit analgesic, anti-ulcer, and anti-diarrheal activities, making it a valuable treatment for various health issues. The bioactive compounds present in Psidium guajava include flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenoids, which have been shown to possess strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

In herbal medicine, Psidium guajava is often prepared as a tea, juice, or extract, which is used to treat a range of health conditions and to provide essential nutrients and antioxidants to the body.

The following article explains in detail what are the medicinal uses of Psidium guajava, its health benefits, therapeutic properties, bioactive compounds, used parts, and herbal preparation. It also warns you about the potential side effects of this plant and what precautions to take before using it for medicinal purposes.

ARTICLE SUMMARY: The table below summarizes the most crucial information about Psidium guajava provided in the article below, which is useful if you are in a hurry and don't have time to dig deep into the very detailed content that follows.

BONUS CHEATSHEET: The cheatsheet below illustrates the most important medicinal aspects of Psidium guajava. Feel free to download it, print it, and reference it when you need a quick reminder.

What are the main medicinal uses of Psidium guajava?

The main medicinal uses of Psidium guajava are primarily for the treatment of diarrhea, fever, and gastroenteritis, which are often caused by the antimicrobial and antifungal activities of its constituents, including psidium guajavine, psidium acid, and guavinol, that inhibit the growth of pathogens.

The plant's anti-inflammatory properties, attributed to the presence of flavonoids, anthocyanins, and phenolic acids, make it effective in reducing inflammation and relieving dyspepsia symptoms. Additionally, Psidium guajava has been used to treat cough, diabetes, and hypertension, thanks to its antioxidant and vasodilatory properties, which are largely due to the presence of gallic acid, ferulic acid, and other polyphenolic compounds. Its wound healing properties are also well-documented, with studies showing that the plant's constituents, including ellagic acid and kaempferol, stimulate collagen synthesis and promote tissue repair.

Furthermore, the plant's antidiarrheal and antiseptic properties have made it a popular remedy for dysentery, a condition often characterized by severe diarrhea and abdominal pain.

The following illustration give a summary of the main medicinal uses of Psidium guajava.

The list below provide more details on why Psidium guajava is used to alleviate the health conditions mentioned in the illustration above.

• Diarrhea: Extracts from the fruit have been used to treat diarrhea due to their anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, which help to reduce inflammation and combat bacterial infections in the gastrointestinal tract.
• Fever: A decoction made from the leaves has been used to treat fever, possibly due to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds, which exhibit antipyretic properties, helping to reduce body temperature and alleviate symptoms associated with fever.
• Dysentery: The fruit and leaves have been used to treat dysentery, a condition characterized by bloody diarrhea and abdominal pain, likely due to their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, which help to combat bacterial infections and reduce inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract.
• Gastroenteritis: A decoction made from the fruit and leaves has been used to treat gastroenteritis, an inflammation of the stomach and intestines, possibly due to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds, which exhibit anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, helping to reduce inflammation and combat bacterial infections in the gastrointestinal tract.
• Inflammation: The fruit and leaves contain flavonoids and phenolic compounds, which exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, helping to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms associated with various conditions, including arthritis and other inflammatory disorders.
• Dyspepsia: A decoction made from the fruit and leaves has been used to treat dyspepsia, a condition characterized by indigestion and stomach discomfort, possibly due to their anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, which help to reduce inflammation and combat bacterial infections in the gastrointestinal tract.
• Gastritis: The fruit and leaves have been used to treat gastritis, a condition characterized by inflammation of the stomach lining, likely due to their anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, which help to reduce inflammation and combat bacterial infections in the gastrointestinal tract.
• Malaria: The leaves have been used to treat malaria, a parasitic disease caused by Plasmodium species, possibly due to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds, which exhibit antimalarial properties, helping to reduce the severity of symptoms and combat the parasite.
• Diabetes: Research has suggested that extracts from the fruit and leaves may have a potential role in the management of diabetes due to their ability to regulate blood sugar levels and exhibit antioxidant properties, which help to protect against oxidative stress and inflammation associated with the disease.
• Skin Infections: The fruit and leaves have been used to treat skin infections, such as eczema and acne, likely due to their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, which help to combat bacterial infections and reduce inflammation in the skin.

The table that follows gives an overview of what are the most common health conditions that are treated with Psidium guajava, in each of the major medicinal systems.

Modern Western Medicine

In modern western medicine, Psidium guajava is used to treat various health conditions, with its extracts employed to alleviate diarrhea, particularly in pediatric cases, and gastroenteritis, where its antiviral properties have shown promise.

The leaves of the plant have also been found to exhibit antimalarial activity, making it a potential treatment for malaria, while its extracts have been used to treat dysentery and ulcers. Furthermore, Psidium guajava has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties, making it effective in treating gastritis, as well as inflammation associated with various other conditions, including wound healing. In addition to its anti-inflammatory properties, the plant's extracts have also been used to treat dyspepsia, fever, and hemorrhoids, with some studies suggesting it may also be beneficial in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and peptic ulcer.

Additionally, Psidium guajava has been investigated for its potential in managing diabetes, gastroesophageal reflux disease, influenza, colitis, skin infections, skin ulcers, urinary tract infection, and other conditions.

Traditional Chinese Medicine

In traditional chinese medicine, Psidium guajava is used to treat various health conditions, including diarrhea, and its anti-inflammatory properties help alleviate inflammation, while also treating gastroenteritis and dyspepsia.

Additionally, Psidium guajava is effective in managing hypertension and reducing fever, as well as treating diabetes and dysentery, and its antiseptic properties help combat skin ulcers and skin infections. Furthermore, it is used to treat gastritis, cough, and asthma, and its antimalarial properties help manage malaria.

The plant is also effective in alleviating vomiting, treating respiratory infections, and managing cancer, and its iron-rich properties help treat anemia, while also treating peptic ulcer and gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Ayurvedic Medicine

In ayurvedic medicine, Psidium guajava is used to treat various health conditions, including dysentery, which it helps to alleviate through its antimicrobial properties, reducing the severity of symptoms.

The plant's extracts have also been found to be effective in treating diarrhea, fever, and gastritis, making it a valuable remedy for gastrointestinal issues. Additionally, Psidium guajava has been used to treat dyspepsia, gastroenteritis, and skin infections, showcasing its broad range of applications. Its antidiabetic properties also make it a useful treatment for diabetes and hypertension, while its anti-inflammatory properties help to alleviate conditions such as rheumatism, asthma, and malaria.

Furthermore, Psidium guajava has been found to be effective in treating inflammation, cough, influenza, ulcers, respiratory issues, constipation, gastroesophageal reflux, kidney stones, and other conditions.

Unani Medicine

In unani medicine, Psidium guajava is used to treat various health conditions, including diarrhea, a condition where the body loses too much water and electrolytes, often due to infection or inflammation in the intestines.

The leaves of the plant are also used to reduce fever, a temporary increase in body temperature, and alleviate symptoms of dysentery, a bacterial infection of the intestines. In cases of gastroenteritis, a condition characterized by inflammation of the stomach and intestines, Psidium guajava is used to calm the digestive system. Additionally, the plant's anti-inflammatory properties make it useful in treating inflammation, a common symptom of various diseases, as well as rheumatism, a condition characterized by joint pain and stiffness.

Furthermore, Psidium guajava is used to treat malaria, cough, gastritis, dyspepsia, skin infection, diabetes, asthma, ulcers, influenza, vomiting, hypertension, anemia, wound healing, and hemorrhoids, demonstrating its versatility in treating a wide range of health conditions.

Homeopathic Medicine

In homeopathic medicine, Psidium guajava is used to treat various health conditions, including diarrhea, dysentery, gastroenteritis, gastric inflammation, and dyspepsia by reducing inflammation and alleviating symptoms.

It is also used to treat typhoid fever by enhancing immune function and reducing fever. Additionally, Psidium guajava is utilized in the treatment of malaria, skin infections, and hypertension by exhibiting antioxidant and antihypertensive properties. Furthermore, it is applied to gastritis, asthma, cough, vomiting, colitis, and wounds by reducing inflammation, relieving symptoms, and promoting wound healing.

Psidium guajava is also used to treat hemorrhoids, influenza, ulcers, oral ulcers, and is known for its wound healing properties.

What are the primary health benefits of Psidium guajava?

Psidium guajava antimicrobial activity inhibits the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, while its antioxidant potential prevents cell damage by scavenging free radicals and neutralizing oxidative stress.

The plant's anticancer properties have been attributed to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids, which induce apoptosis and inhibit cancer cell proliferation. Additionally, Psidium guajava exhibits antibacterial effects against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, making it a potential natural antibacterial agent. Its anti-inflammatory response reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators, alleviating symptoms of conditions such as arthritis and asthma, and cardiovascular protection is achieved through the regulation of lipid profiles and blood pressure levels.

Furthermore, Psidium guajava possesses antiviral capabilities, gastrointestinal healing properties, neuroprotective action, and wound healing ability, making it a valuable plant for the development of novel therapeutic agents and treatments.

The following illustration give a summary of the primary health benefits of Psidium guajava.

The list below provides more details on why Psidium guajava offers the health benefits mentioned in the illustration above.

• Antimicrobial Activity: This plant contains various bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, that exhibit antimicrobial properties, inhibiting the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms, thereby preventing infections and promoting a healthy environment.
• Antioxidant Potential: The plant's high content of antioxidants, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, and ascorbic acid, helps to neutralize free radicals in the body, protecting cells from oxidative damage, inflammation, and degenerative diseases, thereby promoting overall health and well-being.
• Anticancer Properties: The plant's bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, have been shown to exhibit anticancer properties, including the inhibition of cancer cell growth, induction of apoptosis, and suppression of tumor formation, thereby providing potential therapeutic benefits against various types of cancer.
• Antibacterial Effects: The plant's bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, exhibit antibacterial properties, inhibiting the growth of bacteria, including both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, thereby preventing infections and promoting a healthy environment.
• Anti-Inflammatory Response: The plant's bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, have been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, reducing inflammation and alleviating symptoms associated with various inflammatory diseases, thereby promoting overall health and well-being.
• Antiviral Capabilities: The plant's bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, have been shown to exhibit antiviral properties, inhibiting the replication of viruses and reducing the severity of viral infections, thereby providing potential therapeutic benefits against various viral diseases.
• Cardiovascular Protection: The plant's bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, have been shown to exhibit cardiovascular protective effects, reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, lowering blood pressure, and improving lipid profiles, thereby promoting overall cardiovascular health.
• Gastrointestinal Healing: The plant's bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, have been shown to exhibit gastrointestinal healing properties, reducing inflammation, alleviating symptoms associated with gastrointestinal disorders, and promoting the healing of gastrointestinal mucosa, thereby promoting overall gastrointestinal health.
• Neuroprotective Action: The plant's bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, have been shown to exhibit neuroprotective properties, reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in neuronal cells, thereby providing potential therapeutic benefits against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
• Wound Healing Ability: The plant's bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, have been shown to exhibit wound healing properties, promoting the healing of wounds by increasing collagen synthesis, improving tissue strength, and reducing inflammation, thereby promoting overall wound healing and tissue repair.

The table that follows gives an overview of what are the primary health benefits of Psidium guajava for each of the major body system.

Circulatory System

Psidium guajava lower blood pressure by reducing the concentration of vasoactive substances in the blood, which is due to its vasodilatory properties, allowing for a decrease in blood pressure and a reduction in the workload of the heart.

This reduction in heart rate also helps to lower the risk of cardiac arrhythmias and prevent blood clots from forming by inhibiting platelet aggregation and the production of thromboxane A2. Additionally, Psidium guajava improve circulation by dilating blood vessels, increasing blood flow to peripheral tissues, and reducing inflammation in the vascular walls, thereby increasing oxygenation of tissues and preventing thrombosis. Psidium guajava also have antioxidant properties, which help to stabilize blood sugar levels by reducing oxidative stress and enhancing vasodilation, allowing for better lipid profile management, including regulating lipid levels by reducing LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels.

By exerting antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects, Psidium guajava reduce inflammation in the body, leading to a decrease in the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

The medicinal benefits of Psidium guajava on the circulatory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Hypertension
• Varicose veins
• Cardiac arrhythmia
• Atherosclerosis
• Diabetes

Digestive System

Psidium guajava reduces inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory properties, preventing ulcers formation by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes.

This plant improves digestion process by stimulating the secretion of digestive enzymes and regulating the movement of food through the digestive tract, which heals intestinal wounds. Psidium guajava stimulates appetite naturally by increasing the secretion of appetite-stimulating hormones, regulates bowel movements by modulating the gut motility, and treats gastroesophageal reflux by enhancing the lower esophageal sphincter function. The antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Psidium guajava relieve abdominal pain by reducing inflammation and infection, and cure diarrhea quickly by inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria.

Additionally, its soothing effects calm the irritable bowel by reducing inflammation and promoting the healing of the intestinal lining.

The medicinal benefits of Psidium guajava on the digestive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Diarrhea
• Constipation
• Gastroenteritis
• Gastritis
• Peptic ulcer
• Inflammatory bowel disease
• Irritable bowel syndrome
• Hepatitis

Endocrine System

Psidium guajava regulates blood sugar by containing flavonoids and phenolic acids that have been shown to inhibit the activity of α-glucosidase, thereby reducing glucose absorption in the gut.

Psidium guajava supports thyroid function due to its content of selenium, a trace mineral that plays a crucial role in the proper functioning of the thyroid gland, which is responsible for regulating metabolism through the production of thyroid hormones. Psidium guajava balances hormone levels by exhibiting estrogenic activity, which helps to modulate the body's hormone balance, reducing the risk of hormonal disorders. Psidium guajava suppresses cortisol production by containing compounds that have been demonstrated to reduce the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, thereby decreasing cortisol levels in the body.

Psidium guajava enhances insulin sensitivity by containing anthocyanins and other polyphenols that have been shown to increase glucose uptake in muscles and reduce insulin resistance, which is a key factor in the development of type 2 diabetes.

The medicinal benefits of Psidium guajava on the endocrine system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Diabetes
• Hypertension
• Hyperlipidemia
• Obesity
• Polycystic ovary syndrome
• Hypothyroidism

Integumentary System

Psidium guajava protects skin from damage by its antioxidant properties, which neutralize free radicals that cause oxidative stress.

This plant heals wounds by its antimicrobial properties, which inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms that cause infections. Psidium guajava fights infections with its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, which targets a wide range of microorganisms. The anti-inflammatory properties of Psidium guajava reduce inflammation, a key factor in wound healing and tissue repair.

Its soothing effects also make it effective in soothing burns, while its cleansing properties help to cleanse the skin of impurities and its moisturizing properties keep the skin hydrated.

The medicinal benefits of Psidium guajava on the integumentary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Skin infections
• Wounds
• Dermatitis
• Sunburn
• Eczema
• Acne
• Fungal infections
• Skin ulcers

Lymphatic System

Psidium guajava boosts lymph flow due to its vasodilatory properties, which increase blood circulation and promote the removal of waste products from the body.

Stimulated by its anti-inflammatory effects, the lymph nodes in the body are activated, allowing for a more efficient immune response. Enhanced lymph drainage is facilitated by Psidium guajava's ability to reduce swelling and promote the breakdown of proteins that contribute to inflammation. The antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Psidium guajava increase lymph function, enabling the lymphatic system to effectively remove toxins and pathogens from the body.

By regulating lymph production and maintaining lymph balance, Psidium guajava's antifungal properties support the health of the lymphatic system, promoting lymph detoxification and reducing lymph swelling, which ultimately improves lymph filtration.

The medicinal benefits of Psidium guajava on the lymphatic system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Lymphedema
• Edema
• Inflammation
• Fever
• Rheumatism
• Skin ulcers
• Wound healing
• Fungal infections

Musculoskeletal System

Psidium guajava prevents osteoporosis by containing flavonoids and phenolic acids that act as antioxidants, thereby reducing oxidative stress and bone degradation.

This plant reduces joint inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines, alleviating joint pain and swelling. The antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Psidium guajava ease muscle pain by inhibiting the growth of pathogens that cause muscle infections and reducing muscle damage caused by free radicals. Improving bone density is achieved through the stimulation of osteoblast activity, which is triggered by the plant's flavonoids and phenolic acids, leading to the formation of new bone tissue.

Psidium guajava also decreases arthritis symptoms by reducing joint inflammation, heals bone fractures by promoting collagen synthesis and tissue repair, relaxes muscle tension through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, reduces muscle spasm by inhibiting muscle contraction, stimulates bone growth by promoting osteoblast activity, and relieves joint stiffness by reducing inflammation and promoting joint lubrication.

The medicinal benefits of Psidium guajava on the musculoskeletal system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Arthritis
• Rheumatism
• Tendinitis
• Muscle spasm
• Joint pain

Nervous System

Psidium guajava protects nerves by inhibiting the release of acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is essential for nerve function.

Stabilizing mood is attributed to the flavonoids and phenolic acids present in Psidium guajava, which possess potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that help regulate emotional responses. Improving cognitive function is facilitated by the extracts' ability to enhance neurotrophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which promotes neuronal growth and differentiation. Reducing anxiety is associated with the plant's capacity to modulate the GABAergic system, thereby inhibiting the activity of glutamate, a neurotransmitter that can induce anxiety.

Enhancing memory, calming nervousness, boosting energy, regulating sleep, relaxing muscles, and supporting focus are also linked to the presence of flavonoids, which have been shown to improve neuronal communication and function by modulating ion channels and neurotransmitter release.

The medicinal benefits of Psidium guajava on the nervous system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Anxiety
• Depression
• Insomnia
• Epilepsy
• Migraine
• Nervous tension
• Stress
• Tremors
• Neurodegeneration

Reproductive System

Psidium guajava boosts fertility by containing flavonoids and phenolic acids that exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, protecting reproductive cells from oxidative damage and inflammation.

Regulating hormones is another benefit of this plant, with its bioactive compounds modulating the endocrine system and stabilizing hormone levels, thereby promoting reproductive health. The plant stimulates ovulation in women by inducing the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, which in turn stimulates the pituitary gland to release follicle-stimulating hormone. Improving libido is attributed to the presence of gallic acid and other polyphenols, which exhibit vasodilatory and antioxidant properties, enhancing blood flow and reducing oxidative stress.

Psidium guajava also enhances testosterone levels, supports menstrual health, increases sperm count, promotes uterine health, relieves menstrual cramps, and protects reproductive organs due to its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties.

The medicinal benefits of Psidium guajava on the reproductive system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Female infertility
• Polycystic ovary syndrome
• Menorrhagia
• Dysmenorrhea
• Endometriosis
• Hirsutism
• Amenorrhea
• Premenstrual tension
• Erectile dysfunction
• Low sperm count

Respiratory System

Psidium guajava reduce inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which help alleviate respiratory issues.

The antimicrobial properties in Psidium guajava prevent asthma attacks by eliminating pathogens that can trigger asthma. The antioxidants present in this plant relieve bronchitis by reducing oxidative stress and promoting healing. The expectorant properties in Psidium guajava cure coughs quickly by loosening and removing mucus from the airways.

Moreover, Psidium guajava treat tuberculosis with its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, stop smoking through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, ease respiratory stress with its adaptogenic properties, fight respiratory infections with its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, prevent chronic obstruction with its anti-inflammatory properties, and clear mucus buildup with its expectorant properties.

The medicinal benefits of Psidium guajava on the respiratory system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Cough
• Sore throat
• Bronchitis
• Pneumonia
• Asthma
• Allergies

Urinary System

Psidium guajava prevents infections by exhibiting antimicrobial properties that inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and fungi in the urinary tract.

The plant reduces inflammation through its anti-inflammatory properties, which minimize tissue damage and alleviate symptoms associated with urinary tract infections. Guajava also cures calculi by dissolving kidney stones due to its diuretic and litholytic effects. Additionally, it treats nephritis by decreasing proteinuria and blood urea through its antioxidant properties, which scavenge free radicals and protect renal cells.

Furthermore, the plant relieves dysuria, cleans kidneys, prevents stones, heals prostatitis, treats cystitis, and prevents UTIs by regulating the pH balance and promoting urine flow, ultimately maintaining a healthy urinary system.

The medicinal benefits of Psidium guajava on the urinary system help relieving the health conditions listed below.

• Urinary tract infection
• Kidney stones
• Bladder infection
• Kidney failure
• Urethritis

What are the dominant therapeutic properties of Psidium guajava?

The therapeutic properties of Psidium guajava are attributed to its bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, saponins, and volatile oils, which provide it with antimicrobial properties, allowing it to inhibit the growth of various pathogens and prevent infections.

The plant's antioxidant properties are largely due to the presence of phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid, which scavenge free radicals and protect against oxidative stress, while its anti-inflammatory properties are mediated by flavonoids and terpenoids, which reduce inflammation and alleviate conditions such as arthritis. Additionally, the analgesic and antipyretic properties of Psidium guajava are attributed to the presence of glycosides and saponins, which alleviate pain and reduce fever, whereas its anticancer properties are attributed to the presence of flavonoids and terpenoids, which inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Psidium guajava also exhibits antidiarrheal properties due to the presence of saponins and flavonoids, which inhibit the growth of pathogens that cause diarrhea, and exhibits hypoglycemic properties due to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds, which reduce blood sugar levels.

Furthermore, the cardioprotective and neuroprotective properties of Psidium guajava are attributed to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds, which protect against cardiovascular and neurological disorders.

The following illustration give a summary of the dominant therapeutic properties of Psidium guajava.

The list below provides more details on why Psidium guajava has the therapeutic properties mentioned in the illustration above.

• Antimicrobial: Psidium guajava has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial properties, inhibiting the growth of various microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans, due to the presence of compounds like guava phenolics and guavin.
• Antioxidant: The plant Psidium guajava contains antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E, and beta-carotene, which help to scavenge free radicals and protect against oxidative stress, thereby exerting antioxidant effects.
• Anti-Inflammatory: Psidium guajava has anti-inflammatory properties, attributed to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids, which can reduce inflammation and alleviate conditions such as arthritis and other inflammatory diseases.
• Analgesic: The plant Psidium guajava has been traditionally used for its analgesic properties, with studies suggesting that it can reduce pain and inflammation, possibly due to the presence of compounds like quercetin and kaempferol.
• Antipyretic: Psidium guajava has been traditionally used as an antipyretic to reduce fever, although the exact mechanism of action is not well understood.
• Anticancer: Studies have reported that Psidium guajava extracts exhibit anticancer properties, inhibiting the growth of cancer cells and inducing apoptosis, possibly due to the presence of compounds like kaempferol and quercetin.
• Antidiarrheal: The plant Psidium guajava has been traditionally used to treat diarrhea, with studies suggesting that it can reduce the incidence and severity of diarrhea, possibly due to the presence of compounds like tannins and flavonoids.
• Hypoglycemic: Psidium guajava has been reported to have hypoglycemic effects, reducing blood glucose levels in diabetic models, possibly due to the presence of compounds like flavonoids and phenolic acids.
• Cardioprotective: Studies have reported that Psidium guajava extracts exhibit cardioprotective effects, reducing lipid peroxidation and improving cardiovascular health, possibly due to the presence of compounds like flavonoids and phenolic acids.
• Neuroprotective: Psidium guajava has been reported to have neuroprotective effects, reducing oxidative stress and improving cognitive function, possibly due to the presence of compounds like flavonoids and phenolic acids.

What are the major healing constituents of Psidium guajava?

The healing constituents of Psidium guajava are responsible for its medicinal properties.

Saponins present in guava exhibit antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities by disrupting cell membranes and inhibiting pro-inflammatory enzymes. Phenolic acids including gallic and ellagic acids possess antioxidant and antiproliferative properties that protect against oxidative stress and cancer cell growth. Flavonoids and tannins in guava contribute to its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effects by scavenging free radicals and inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Ellagic acid specifically has been shown to exhibit anticancer properties by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation in various cancer cell lines.

The following illustration give a summary of the major healing consitutents of Psidium guajava.

The list below provides more details on what are the major healing constituents of Psidium guajava and why they are important for health.

• Saponins: A type of triterpenoid glycoside found in Psidium guajava, known for their surface-active, foaming, and hemolytic properties
• Phenolic acids: Phenolic acids from Psidium guajava have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.
• Tannins: Tannins are a class of polyphenolic compounds found in Psidium guajava, characterized by astringency, bitterness, and ability to precipitate proteins.
• Flavonoids: Flavonoids from Psidium guajava have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
• Ellagic acid: A polyphenolic compound with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
• Quercetin: Quercetin is a flavonoid constituent of Psidium guajava, exhibiting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties.
• Alkaloids: Psidium guajava alkaloids have shown antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties.
• Kaempferol: Kaempferol is a flavonoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties.
• Gallic acid: Gallic acid is a tannin with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, exhibiting a brownish yellow color and a melting point of 253-255°C.
• Coumarins: A class of organic compounds found in Psidium guajava, characterized by a benzene ring and a lactone carbonyl group, known for their anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory properties.

The table that follows estimates the relative concentrations of the main medicinal constituents contained in Psidium guajava and lists the most relevant medicinal properties of each constituent based on the corresponding concentrations.

What are the most used parts of Psidium guajava in medicine?

The most used parts of Psidium guajava for medicinal purposes are fruits and leaves.

The fruits of Psidium guajava contain primarily flavonoids, phenolic acids, and ascorbic acid, which exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. The leaves, rich in flavonoids, saponins, and phenolic acids, possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiparasitic properties, with flavonoids and saponins contributing to their antihypertensive and diuretic activities, respectively. The bioactive compounds in the fruits and leaves of Psidium guajava have been traditionally used to treat various health conditions, including fever, digestive issues, and wounds, as well as to manage hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases.

These parts have been studied for their potential to prevent and treat various diseases, making them valuable in traditional medicine and a subject of interest in modern pharmacology.

The following illustration give a summary of the most used parts of Psidium guajava in medicine.

The list below provides more details on what are the most used parts of Psidium guajava in medicine and why.

• Fruits: The fruits of this plant are rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, and ascorbic acid, which exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, resulting in primary health benefits including the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, reduction of oxidative stress, and protection against certain types of cancer.
• Leaves: The leaves of this plant are a source of bioactive compounds like flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, which possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimalarial properties, leading to significant health benefits including the treatment of fever, reduction of inflammation, and prevention of malaria.

The table that follows gives a more complete list of healing constituents found in each part of Psidium guajava mentioned above.

What are the most common medicinal preparations of Psidium guajava?

The most common herbal preparation of Psidium guajava for medicinal purposes are tincture, which is used to treat various gastrointestinal issues, such as diarrhea and dysentery.

Tea, made by infusing the leaves in hot water, is used for its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties to manage wounds and promote healing. A decoction, prepared by boiling the roots and leaves, is employed to treat respiratory problems, including coughs and bronchitis. Capsule form of the extract is used to address various health concerns, such as hypertension and diabetes.

Additionally, salve and oil, which are topical preparations, are used to alleviate pain and inflammation in the skin, and to treat conditions like eczema and acne.

The following illustration give a summary of the most common medicinal preparations of Psidium guajava.

The list below provides more details on what are the most common medicinal preparations of Psidium guajava and what are their main uses.

• Tincture: Tincture made from this plant is used to treat fever, diarrhea, dysentery, wounds, and digestive issues.
• Tea: Tea made from this plant is used to treat fever, diarrhea, and wounds due to its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties.
• Decoction: Decoction made from this plant is used to treat diarrhea, dysentery, and fever by virtue of its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties.
• Capsule: Capsule made from this plant is used for the treatment of diarrhea, dysentery, and gastrointestinal disorders, and as an anti-inflammatory agent to reduce fever and alleviate sore throats and mouth ulcers.
• Salve: Salve made from this plant is used to treat wounds, skin irritations, and oral infections, such as mouth ulcers and gum inflammation.
• Oil: Oil made from this plant is used to treat wounds, fever, and digestive issues, and as an anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agent.

The table that follows shows what are the most used parts of Psidium guajava for each medicinal preparation.

Tincture

Psidium guajava tincture is a herbal preparation used to treat various gastrointestinal issues, including gastritis, diarrhea, vomiting, gastroenteritis, influenza, malaria, dysentery, and cholera.

It is a commonly used remedy in traditional medicine, particularly in tropical regions where these diseases are prevalent. The effects of Psidium guajava tincture are generally anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial, reducing inflammation and preventing the growth of pathogens in the gut. This preparation is typically made from the leaves and fruits of the Psidium guajava plant, which requires careful harvesting and processing to ensure its medicinal properties are preserved.

The production process can be complex and time-consuming, requiring skilled practitioners to extract and concentrate the bioactive compounds from the plant material.

Below you find an image of Psidium guajava tincture.

Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Psidium guajava tincture.

1. Harvest fresh Psidium guajava leaves and fruits, then wash them thoroughly with clean water.
2. Combine the harvested leaves and fruits in a clean glass jar, making sure they are completely covered with 80% vodka.
3. Seal the jar and place it in a cool, dark place, allowing the mixture to steep for 4-6 weeks, shaking the jar every day.
4. Strain the mixture through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter into another clean glass container, discarding the solids.
5. Transfer the herbal tincture into dark glass bottles, seal them tightly, and store them in a cool, dark place.

Tea

Psidium guajava tea is a traditional herbal remedy used to treat various health conditions, including diarrhea, fever, cough, inflammation, gastroenteritis, and hypertension.

It's one of the most widely used herbal teas globally, particularly in tropical regions. The main effects of consuming this tea include reducing inflammation and alleviating symptoms of fever, cough, and diarrhea.

The tea is typically made by infusing the leaves and fruits of the Psidium guajava plant in hot water, which is a straightforward process that doesn't require any special equipment or expertise.

Below you find an image of Psidium guajava tea.

Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Psidium guajava tea.

1. Gather fresh leaves and fruits of the Psidium guajava plant.
2. Rinse the leaves and fruits thoroughly with clean water to remove any impurities.
3. Combine the leaves and fruits in a saucepan and pour in enough water to cover the mixture.
4. Bring the water to a boil and then reduce the heat to a simmer for 5-10 minutes.
5. Strain the tea mixture and discard the solids to obtain the Psidium guajava herbal tea.

Decoction

Psidium guajava decoction is used to treat diarrhea, dysentery, fever, influenza, sore throat, cough, gastroenteritis, colic and jaundice.

This preparation is commonly used in traditional medicine, particularly in tropical regions. Its common effect is to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms. The decoction is made from the leaves and fruits of the Psidium guajava tree, which are typically mixed in water and then boiled to extract their medicinal properties.

Preparation of the decoction is moderately difficult due to the need to correctly measure and combine the ingredients, as well as to avoid over-boiling which can lead to the loss of essential compounds.

Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Psidium guajava decoction.

1. Gather fresh Psidium guajava leaves and fruits from a trusted source.
2. Wash the leaves and fruits thoroughly with clean water to remove any dirt or impurities.
3. Combine the leaves and fruits in a pot and add enough water to cover them completely.
4. Boil the mixture over medium heat for 10-15 minutes, allowing the herbal properties to infuse.
5. Strain the decoction and discard the solids, allowing it to cool before use.

Capsule

Psidium guajava capsule is a widely used herbal preparation that treats various health issues, including ulcers, stomach pain, diabetes, inflammation, hypertension, digestive issues, gastroenteritis, asthma, fever, and kidney stones.

It's extremely common in many parts of the world, especially in tropical and subtropical regions where the guava tree is native. A common effect of taking this capsule is the alleviation of symptoms and in some cases, complete recovery from the aforementioned health issues. The preparation is made from the fruits and leaves of the guava tree, which are rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals.

The process of making guava capsule is moderately difficult, requiring careful drying, extraction, and encapsulation of the guava fruit and leaf extracts.

Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Psidium guajava capsule.

1. Collect fresh Psidium guajava fruits and leaves from a trusted source.
2. Dry the collected fruits and leaves separately in a shaded area to preserve their medicinal properties.
3. Grind the dried fruits and leaves into fine powders using a mortar and pestle or a coffee grinder.
4. Mix the ground fruit powder and leaf powder in a specific ratio to achieve the desired herbal blend.
5. Fill the herbal blend into gelatin capsules or capsules made from vegetarian materials to create the Psidium guajava herbal capsule.

Salve

Psidium guajava salve is a herbal preparation used to treat various conditions, including wound healing, skin infections, diabetes-related wounds, gingivitis, gum disease, toothache, burns, and eczema.

It's a common remedy in traditional medicine, widely used due to its effectiveness. The salve has anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant effects, which contribute to its healing properties. Psidium guajava salve is typically made from the leaves and fruits of the plant, which are rich in bioactive compounds like flavonoids and tannins.

The preparation process is moderately difficult, requiring proper extraction and blending of the plant materials to achieve the desired potency.

Below you find an image of Psidium guajava salve.

Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Psidium guajava salve.

1. Combine 1 cup of fresh Psidium guajava leaves and 1 cup of fresh Psidium guajava fruits in a clean glass jar.
2. Steep the mixture in 2 cups of carrier oil, such as coconut or olive oil, for 2-3 weeks in a cool, dark place.
3. Strain the mixture through a cheesecloth or a coffee filter into a clean glass bowl, discarding the solids.
4. Add 1-2 tablespoons of beeswax and 1-2 tablespoons of vitamin E oil to the infused oil and heat the mixture in a double boiler until the beeswax is fully melted.
5. Pour the salve into a clean glass tin and let it cool and solidify before using.

Oil

Psidium guajava oil is a herbal remedy used to treat various health conditions.

This preparation is commonly used to promote wound healing, prevent skin infections, alleviate diarrhea, manage anemia, relieve asthma symptoms, and treat insect bites. It's a widely used preparation in traditional medicine.

One of the common effects of Psidium guajava oil is its ability to reduce inflammation and promote tissue repair. The oil is typically made from the fruits and leaves of the Psidium guajava plant, which are rich in antioxidants and other bioactive compounds.

However, the process of making this oil can be challenging due to the need for precise extraction and purification techniques to ensure its quality and efficacy.

Below you find an image of Psidium guajava oil.

Below you find a 5-step quick procedure to make effective medicinal Psidium guajava oil.

1. Gather ripe fruits and fresh leaves of Psidium guajava, also known as guava, for use in the herbal oil recipe.
2. Dry the guava fruits in a low-temperature oven or through air-drying to preserve their potency and prevent spoilage.
3. Combine the dried guava fruits and leaves in a clean glass jar, ensuring a balanced proportion of both ingredients for optimal results.
4. Cover the jar with a lid and steep the mixture in a carrier oil, such as coconut or olive oil, in a cool, dark place for several weeks.
5. Strain the mixture through a cheesecloth or a fine-mesh sieve into a clean glass bottle, discarding the solids and preserving the herbal oil for future use.

What are the possible side effects of Psidium guajava if used improperly?

The possible side effects of improperly using Psidium guajava are experience diarrhea, develop nausea, suffer from abdominal pain, and experience vomiting.

Experience dizziness and develop allergic reaction have also been reported in individuals who misuse Psidium guajava. Furthermore, improper use can lead to develop headache, and in severe cases, experience hypotension. Additionally, Psidium guajava may cause develop uterine stimulation in pregnant individuals, which can be detrimental to the fetus.

Interactions with medications are also a possible side effect, which can compromise the effectiveness of prescribed treatments.

The most common side effects Psidium guajava gives people when used improperly are listed below, along with a brief explanation.

• Experience Diarrhea: Consumption of Psidium guajava causes gastrointestinal irritation resulting in loose, watery stools.
• Develop Nausea: Consuming Psidium guajava may cause nausea in some individuals due to its toxic compounds, but the more accurate description is: Consuming large quantities of the fruit, leaves, or bark of Psidium guajava can cause gastrointestinal irritation and nausea due to the presence of a toxic compound called amygdalin.
• Suffer From Abdominal Pain: Guava consumption causes severe abdominal pain due to its high tannin content.
• Experience Vomiting: Psidium guajava ingestion causes severe vomiting
• Develop Headache: Consuming Psidium guajava causes increased intracranial pressure and vasodilation leading to headache.
• Experience Dizziness: Consuming Psidium guajava can cause a sudden loss of balance and equilibrium.
• Develop Allergic Reaction: Some individuals develop hypersensitivity to Psidium guajava, leading to allergic reactions.
• Experience Hypotension: Psidium guajava extracts lower blood pressure in humans
• Develop Uterine Stimulation: Psidium guajava stimulates uterine contractions and smooth muscle activity.
• Experience Interactions With Medications: Concurrent use with guava leaf extracts may decrease the plasma levels of warfarin and other anticoagulants, increasing the risk of bleeding.

What are the precautions to take before using Psidium guajava medicinally?

The precautions to take before using Psidium guajava medicinally are consulting a healthcare professional, especially when considering the potential impact on blood sugar levels, which should be monitored regularly to adjust treatment plans accordingly, as it is also essential to avoid using guava during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to the lack of safety data available.

Starting with low doses is crucial to allow the body to adjust to the active compounds, and individuals should be aware of the possibility of allergic reactions, such as skin irritation or respiratory issues. Guava may interact with certain medications, including blood thinners and diabetes medications, and should be used under medical supervision to minimize potential risks. It is also vital to report any adverse effects, such as dizziness or stomach upset, as soon as they occur to adjust treatment plans promptly, and proper preparation methods should be followed to ensure the bioavailability of its active compounds.

Finally, individuals should be aware of their individual sensitivities to guava, as some people may experience increased sensitivity to its active compounds over time.

The most important precautions you must take before using Psidium guajava for medicinal purposes are listed below, along with a brief explanation.

• Consult A Healthcare Professional: Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult a healthcare professional due to potential toxicity of Psidium guajava fruits and leaves.
• Monitor Blood Sugar Levels: Guava leaf extracts lower blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
• Avoid During Pregnancy And Breastfeeding: Guava contains saponins, which have been shown to cause uterine contractions and affect fetal development.
• Start With Low Doses: Initial administration of Psidium guajava extract should begin with small amounts to assess tolerance and avoid adverse effects.
• Be Aware Of Allergic Reactions: Some individuals exhibit allergic reactions to Psidium guajava, characterized by symptoms such as skin irritation, respiratory issues, and anaphylaxis.
• Interact With Medications: Psidium guajava may decrease blood sugar levels and increase bleeding risk when taken with certain medications, such as anticoagulants and diabetes medications.
• Use Under Medical Supervision: Contraindicated in patients with renal failure, hypertension, and diabetes due to high oxalate content.
• Report Any Adverse Effects: Contraindicated in individuals with known allergy to guavas.
• Follow Proper Preparation Methods: Preparation of Psidium guajava should be done by boiling the plant material in water to reduce toxic compounds.
• Be Aware Of Individual Sensitivities: Some individuals may experience adverse effects due to guava hypersensitivity.

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