Broad-Leaf False Eranthemum

Names and Synonyms

Common Names

• Broad-Leaf False Eranthemum

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Rhytiglossa latifolia
• Ecbolium latifolium
• Eranthemum latifolium
• Pseuderanthemum latifolium var. levicaspa
• Justicia latifolia
• Pigafetta malabarica
• Justicia palatifera
• Justicia honamoriensis
• Eranthemum borneense
• Eranthemum elatum
• Eranthemum pumilio
• Antheliacanthus micranthus
• Eranthemum malabaricum
• Pseuderanthemum borneense
• Eranthemum palatiferum var. levicapsa
• Pseuderanthemum palatiferum
• Pseuderanthemum malabaricum
• Eranthemum palatiferum var. elatum
• Pseuderanthemum palatiferum var. levicapsa

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant, Pseuderanthemum latifolium, belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta. Within the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae, it is categorized under the order Lamiales and the family Acanthaceae. Finally, it is classified under the genus Pseuderanthemum.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a broad geographical range across several key regions in Asia. Within China, it is found in the South-Central, Southeast, and Hainan areas. Its distribution extends into the Indian Subcontinent, specifically appearing in the state of Assam. Furthermore, the species can be located within the borders of Bangladesh. These diverse locations highlight its ability to thrive in various subtropical environments.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Ecology

The ecology of Pseuderanthemum latifolium is characterized by its specific altitudinal distribution within its native habitat, where it occupies a diverse range of vertical gradients. This species is found at elevations ranging from a minimum of 300 m AMSL to a maximum of 1600 m AMSL. This broad elevational span suggests an adaptability to varying environmental conditions, encompassing both lowland and mid-elevation ecological zones, which likely exposes the plant to a variety of microclimates, soil compositions, and moisture regimes throughout its growing range.

Elevational range max:

1600 m AMSL

Elevational range min:

300 m AMSL

Life history

The life history of Pseuderanthemum latifolium is characterized by its classification as a perennial, meaning it persists through multiple growing seasons rather than completing its life cycle in a single year. As a perennial species, it maintains its physiological presence in its habitat over an extended duration, allowing it to establish robust root systems and undergo repeated reproductive cycles. This long-term survival strategy enables the plant to endure seasonal fluctuations and stabilize its population within its specific ecological niche, often resulting in a more consistent presence in its natural environment compared to annual or biennial species.

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Pseuderanthemum latifolium is characterized by a herbaceous growth form, appearing as a non-woody herb. This plant typically reaches an average height of 1 meter and functions as a self-supporting clamber, rather than being an obligatory or facultative climber. It is a terrestrial species, growing directly from the ground rather than as an epiphyte.

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

herb

Plant height mean:

1 m

Woodiness :

non-woody

Physiology

The physiological profile of Pseuderanthemum latifolium is characterized by distinct morphological dimensions of its foliage, which play a critical role in its metabolic efficiency and light interception capabilities. The leaf architecture exhibits a consistent longitudinal development, with a mean leaf length of 11.75 cm, ranging from a minimum of 11.5 cm to a maximum of 12 cm. Complementing this length is a robust lateral expansion, where the leaf width maintains a mean of 4.25 cm, fluctuating between a minimum of 3.5 cm and a maximum of 5 cm. These specific dimensional parameters suggest a specialized surface area optimization that supports the plant's photosynthetic processes and overall physiological vigor.

Leaf length max:

12 cm

Leaf length mean:

11.75 cm

Leaf length min:

11.5 cm

Leaf width max:

5 cm

Leaf width mean:

4.25 cm

Leaf width min:

3.5 cm

Reproduction

The reproduction of Pseuderanthemum latifolium culminates in the development of its specialized fruit structures, which exhibit remarkable morphological consistency. The fruits produced by this species are characterized by a highly uniform size profile, showing no significant deviation across sampled populations. Specifically, the fruit length remains constant, with a minimum measurement of 2.5 cm, a maximum measurement of 2.5 cm, and a mean length of 2.5 cm. This lack of variance in fruit dimension suggests a highly stable reproductive strategy during the maturation process.

Fruit length max:

2.5 cm

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Pseuderanthemum latifolium has 2 reported plant parts identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include leaf, root.

Leaf

1. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

Root

1. Planta medica

Chemicals

Pseuderanthemum latifolium has 7 reported phytochemicals identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Asperglaucide, Betulin, Epifriedelanol, LUPENONE, Lupeol.

Asperglaucide

1. Planta medica

Betulin

1. Planta medica

Epifriedelanol

1. Planta medica

LUPENONE

1. Planta medica

Lupeol

1. Planta medica

Palatiferin A

1. Planta medica

Pomolic acid

1. Planta medica

Activities

Pseuderanthemum latifolium has 3 reported activities identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Cytotoxic.

Antimicrobial

1. Planta medica

Antioxidant

1. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

Cytotoxic

1. Planta medica

Preparations

Pseuderanthemum latifolium has 2 reported preparations identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include ethanol extracts, water extracts.

Ethanol extracts

1. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

Water extracts

1. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM