Selfheal

Prunella vulgaris · Accepted scientific name

Scientific literature: Very Extensive (891 studies) · ★★★★★

Selfheal, scientifically known as Prunellla vulgaris, is a versatile perennial herb cherished in traditional herbalism. Renowned for its healing properties, it has long been utilized to treat wounds, respiratory issues, and inflammation. This resilient plant, characterized by its purple flowering spikes, remains a cornerstone of natural apothecary practices worldwide.

Family
Lamiaceae
Native range
Europe
Parts used
Leaf · Root
Common names
Carpenter Weed · Common Heal-All · 11 more
Scientific synonyms
Not available

Names

Common Names

Regional and Traditional Names

Spanish:

  • Prunella australasica
  • Suelda cortaduras
  • Prunella latifolia
  • Prunella parviflora
  • Prunella browniana
  • Prunella microphylla
  • Brunella vulgaris
  • Uñas de caballo
  • Prunella sessilifolia
  • Érico
  • Prunella incisa
  • Prunella hirta
  • Prunella officinalis
  • Prunella pratensis
  • Prunella caerulea
  • Prunella asiatica
  • Erico
  • azafate de la reina
  • brunela
  • brunelda
  • consolda
  • consuelda
  • consuelda menor
  • consuelda silvestre
  • prunela
  • suelda
  • suelda-cortaduras
  • uña de caballo
  • yerba de las heridas
  • yerba del podador
  • hierba de carpintero
  • hierba de las heridas
  • hierba del carpintero
  • hierba del podador
  • manguera
  • morenilla entera
  • morenilla pobre
  • Bretónica
  • brunela
  • consuelda menor
  • prunela

German:

  • Kleine Braunelle
  • Kleine Brunelle
  • Gewöhnliche Braunelle
  • Gemeine Braunelle
  • Brunelle Vulgaire
  • Kleine Braunelle
  • Kleine Brunelle
  • Gemeine Braunelle

French:

  • Brunelle commune
  • Brunella vulgaris
  • brunelle commune
  • Brunelle vulgaire
  • brunelle
  • brunelle commune
  • brunelle vulgaire
  • herbe au charpentier
  • prunelle commune
  • prunelle vulgaire

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Prunella vulgaris

Taxonomical Classification

This plant, known scientifically as Prunella vulgaris, belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta. Within the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae, it is categorized under the order Lamiales and the family Lamiaceae. Finally, its classification is completed within the genus Prunella.

Rank Classification Source
Kingdom Plantae WCVP
Phylum Streptophyta WCVP
Class Equisetopsida WCVP
Subclass Magnoliidae WCVP
Order Lamiales WCVP
Family Lamiaceae WCVP
Genus Prunella WCVP

Distribution

This plant exhibits a broad presence across several regions within Northern Europe. It can be found growing in the natural landscapes of Denmark and Finland. Additionally, its distribution extends to the islands of Føroyar and Iceland. The species is also widely documented throughout Great Britain. Together, these locations highlight the specific northern territories where the plant thrives.

Region Area Source
Northern Europe Denmark WCVP
Northern Europe Finland WCVP
Northern Europe Føroyar WCVP
Northern Europe Great Britain WCVP
Northern Europe Iceland WCVP
Northern Europe Ireland WCVP
Northern Europe Norway WCVP
Northern Europe Sweden WCVP
Middle Europe Austria WCVP
Middle Europe Belgium WCVP

Plant Parts

This plant, commonly known as self-heal, is characterized by its unique morphological structures used in traditional medicine. The most distinctive feature is the dense, dark purple flowering spike that emerges from the center of the leaves. These terminal spikes are composed of numerous small, tubular flowers clustered tightly together. While some botanical texts might colloquially or incorrectly refer to these elongated structures as a spicca or spiicas, the correct botanical term remains the spike. Below the surface, the plant develops a sturdy, creeping root system that helps it spread through the soil and anchor itself firmly.
Plant Part Sources Consensus
leaf Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica (and other 1 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
root Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica (and other 1 sources) ★☆☆☆☆

Chemicals

Prunella vulgaris has 132 reported phytochemicals identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include rosmarinic acid, Flavonoids, caffeic acid, OLEANOLIC ACID, Ursolic acid.

Chemicals reported in Prunella vulgaris
Chemical Supporting sources Consensus
rosmarinic acid 19 supporting sources ★★★★★
Flavonoids 10 supporting sources ★★★★★
caffeic acid 6 supporting sources ★★★☆☆
OLEANOLIC ACID 4 supporting sources ★★☆☆☆
Ursolic acid 4 supporting sources ★★☆☆☆
triterpenoids 4 supporting sources ★★☆☆☆
Coumarins 3 supporting sources ★★☆☆☆
Hyperoside 3 supporting sources ★★☆☆☆
POTASSIUM 3 supporting sources ★★☆☆☆
Salviaflaside 3 supporting sources ★★☆☆☆

rosmarinic acid

  1. Dr. Duke
  2. Frontiers in plant science
  3. Scientific reports
  4. PloS one
  5. Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
View 14 additional sources
  1. Phytotherapy research : PTR
  2. Food & function
  3. International journal of molecular sciences
  4. Current drug discovery technologies
  5. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
  6. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica
  7. Forschende Komplementarmedizin (2006)
  8. Planta medica
  9. Journal of ethnopharmacology
  10. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
  11. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin
  12. Nature communications
  13. Fitoterapia
  14. Genes

Flavonoids

  1. Dr. Duke
  2. PloS one
  3. International journal of biological macromolecules
  4. Current pharmaceutical design
  5. Frontiers in pharmacology
View 5 additional sources
  1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica
  2. Journal of ethnopharmacology
  3. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
  4. Artificial cells, nanomedicine, and biotechnology
  5. Fitoterapia

caffeic acid

  1. Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
  2. Phytotherapy research : PTR
  3. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica
  4. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
  5. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
View 1 additional sources
  1. Nature communications

OLEANOLIC ACID

  1. Dr. Duke
  2. PloS one
  3. Current drug discovery technologies
  4. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Ursolic acid

  1. Dr. Duke
  2. PloS one
  3. Current drug discovery technologies
  4. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

triterpenoids

  1. Current pharmaceutical design
  2. Analytical methods : advancing methods and applications
  3. Frontiers in pharmacology
  4. Current drug discovery technologies

Coumarins

  1. Dr. Duke
  2. Current pharmaceutical design
  3. Current drug discovery technologies

Hyperoside

  1. Dr. Duke
  2. Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
  3. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

POTASSIUM

  1. Dr. Duke
  2. PloS one
  3. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Salviaflaside

  1. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica
  2. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
  3. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Activities

Prunella vulgaris has 543 reported activities identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Antiviral, Hypoglycemic, Antibacterial, Antidiabetic.

Most Reported Activities

Activity Sources Consensus
Antioxidant Dr. Duke (and other 6 sources) ★★★☆☆
Antiviral Dr. Duke (and other 6 sources) ★★★☆☆
Hypoglycemic Dr. Duke (and other 4 sources) ★★☆☆☆
Antibacterial Dr. Duke (and other 3 sources) ★★☆☆☆
Antidiabetic Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
Antifibrotic Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
Antihypertensive Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
Antimicrobial Phytotherapy research : PTR (and other 2 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
Antinociceptive Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
Antipyretic Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) ★☆☆☆☆

Medicinal Uses

Prunella vulgaris has 49 reported medicinal uses identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include breast cancer, goiter, herpes simplex virus, inflammation, scrofula.

Most Reported Uses

Use Sources Consensus
breast cancer Frontiers in pharmacology (and other 2 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
goiter Plants (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 2 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
herpes simplex virus Forschende Komplementarmedizin (2006) (and other 2 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
inflammation Carbohydrate research (and other 2 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
scrofula Frontiers in pharmacology (and other 2 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
AIDS Life sciences (and other 1 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
Diabetic nephropathy The American journal of Chinese medicine (and other 1 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
HIV infection Life sciences (and other 1 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
HSV-1 Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
HSV-2 Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) ★☆☆☆☆

Preparations

Preparations Sources Consensus
ethanol extracts Virology journal (and other 2 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
Aqueous extracts Virology journal (and other 1 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
MeOH extract Planta medica (and other 1 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
Monofloral honey Food & function (and other 1 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
PPV Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
PV extract Biology of reproduction (and other 1 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
PVH Food & function (and other 1 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
Prunella vulgaris extracts Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 1 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
Prunella vulgaris polysaccharides International journal of biological macromolecules (and other 1 sources) ★☆☆☆☆
Prunella vulgaris polysaccharides (PVPs) Fitoterapia (and other 1 sources) ★☆☆☆☆