fragrant premna

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Gumira odorata
• Premna odorata var. detergibilis
• Premna latifolia var. major
• Premna subscandens var. minutiflora
• Premna flavescens var. rubens
• Premna goeringii
• Premna maclurei
• Premna depauperata var. oswaldiana
• Gumira leucostoma
• Premna leucostoma
• Premna depauperata var. serrulata
• Premna depauperata
• Gumira vestita
• Premna rubens
• Premna oblongata var. puberula
• Premna rufidula
• Premna curranii
• Premna ruttenii
• Premna inaequilateralis
• Premna latifolia var. cuneata
• Premna vestita
• Premna tomentosa var. detergibilis
• Premna subscandens
• Premna peekelii

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Lamiales and family Lamiaceae, it is classified under the genus Premna. Specifically, the species is identified as Premna odorata.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a diverse geographical distribution across several key regions in Asia. In East Asia, it can be found growing in Taiwan. Its presence extends into the Indian Subcontinent, where it is documented in India and Bangladesh. Furthermore, the species is specifically located in the Assam region of the Indian Subcontinent. Within China, its habitat includes the island of Hainan.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Life history

The life history of Premna odorata is characterized by a perennial lifecycle, allowing the plant to persist through multiple growing seasons and maintain long-term presence in its habitat. In terms of its structural development and growth habit, it is classified as a phanerophyte, meaning its perennial buds are elevated above the ground level on woody stems. Additionally, it exhibits characteristics consistent with a nanophanerophyte, indicating that its woody growth remains relatively low or compact in certain developmental stages or environmental conditions.

Life form :

nanophanerophyte

Life form :

phanerophyte

Lifecycle :

perennial

Morphology

The morphology of Premna odorata is characterized by its growth form as a woody tree that functions as a self-supporting structure. This species typically exhibits a plant height ranging from a minimum of 1 meter to a maximum of 10 meters, with an average height of approximately 6 meters. As an independent organism, it does not exhibit parasitic behavior and is classified as a terrestrial plant rather than an aquatic or epiphytic one. Its structural development is defined by its woody nature, allowing it to maintain a self-supporting habit without the need for climbing or liana-like tendencies.

Aquatic :

terrestrial

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Growth form :

tree

Parasite :

independent

Plant height max:

10 m

Plant height mean:

6 m

Plant height min:

1 m

Woodiness :

woody

Physiology

The physiology of Premna odorata is characterized by its complex metabolic processes and specialized adaptations to its ecological niche. As a woody shrub or small tree, its physiological framework revolves around efficient photosynthesis and nutrient acquisition through a sophisticated root system. Regarding its nitrogen metabolism, the plant does not possess the biological mechanisms required for symbiotic nitrogen fixation; therefore, it is not a nitrogen fixer. Because it lacks the ability to convert atmospheric nitrogen into bioavailable forms via specialized nodules or bacterial associations, its nitrogen acquisition is strictly dependent on the uptake of nitrates and ammonium present in the soil substrate. This reliance necessitates a well-developed vascular system to transport essential minerals and water from the rhizosphere to the foliage to support cellular respiration, enzyme production, and the biosynthesis of its characteristic aromatic secondary metabolites.

Nitrogen fixer :

no

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Premna odorata has 1 reported plant parts identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include leaf.

Leaf

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
2. Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin

Chemicals

Premna odorata has 1 reported phytochemicals identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Acteoside.

Acteoside

1. Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin

Activities

Premna odorata has 2 reported activities identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Cytotoxic.

Antioxidant

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Cytotoxic

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Conditions

Premna odorata has 2 reported investigations on conditions identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include Mycobacterium tuberculosis, tuberculosis.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

1. Saudi journal of biological sciences

Tuberculosis

1. Journal of ethnopharmacology

Preparations

Premna odorata has 6 reported preparations identified across 2 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include crude extract, defatted crude, extract, methanol extract of leaves, n-BuOH-soluble fraction of a methanol extract of leaves.

Crude extract

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Defatted crude

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Extract

1. Saudi journal of biological sciences

Methanol extract of leaves

1. Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin

N-buoh-soluble fraction of a methanol extract of leaves

1. Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin

N-hexane leave extracts

1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)