broadleaf plantain
Plantago major · Accepted scientific name
Scientific literature: Very Extensive (822 studies) · ★★★★★
Broadleaf plantain, scientifically known as Plantago major, is a resilient perennial herb found globally in disturbed soils. Renowned in traditional herbalism, it possesses potent anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and wound-healing properties. Often used to soothe insect bites and skin irritations, this common plant is a versatile staple in natural medicine.
- Family
- Plantaginaceae
- Native range
- Europe
- Parts used
- Leaves · Seeds
- Common names
- Broad-Leaved Plantain · Common Plantain · 5 more
- Scientific synonyms
- Not available
Names
Common Names
- broad-leaved plantain
- common plantain
- greater plantain
- Ratstail Plantain
- Broadleaf Plantain
- large plantain
- plantain
Regional and Traditional Names
Spanish:
- Lentel
- Llanté
- Llanten común
- Plantago latifolia
- Llantén comun
- Plantaina
- Plantago major var. borysthenica
- Plantago major fo. scopulorum
- Llantén de hoja ancha
- Lantel del gordo
- Llanten comun
- Llantel mayor
- Llantén blanco
- Llantel
- Cinco venas
- Hierba de las siete venas
- Llante
- Llanten de hoja ancha
- Llanten blanco
- lanté
- lantel
- lantén
- lengua de carnero
- lengua de oveja
- lentén
- llanten
- llantén
- llantén blanquecino
- llantén común
- llantén de agua
- llantén de hojas anchas
- llantén grande
- Llantén Major
- llanten mayor
- llantén mayor
- llantén mediano
- mijo
- mill
- oreja de liebre
- grana
- hierba de las siete costillas
- hoja de lanté
- hoja del antel
- pan de pájaro
- pelosilla
- pelusa
- plantaje
- rabos de ratón
- resbala-muchachos
- rompisaco
- setecostas
- siete nervios
- sietenervios
- alpiste
- ballico
- cañamón
- yantén
- yentén
- Llantén Major
- llantén
- llantén común
German:
- Breitwegerich
- Wegtritt
- Mausöhrle
- Wegeblatt
- Wegetrene
- Breit-Wegerich
- Saurüssel
- Wegebreit
- Rippenblatt
- Großer Wegerich
- Arnoglosse
- Ackerkraut
- Breitwegerich
- Breit-Wegerich
French:
- Grand plantain
- Plantain majeur
- Plantain officinal
- gros plantain
- plantain des oiseaux
- Grand Plantain
- plantain à larges feuilles
- grand plantain
- plantain majeur
- plantain à grandes feuilles
- plantain à larges feuilles
Scientific Names
Accepted name
Plantago majorTaxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Lamiales, it is classified under the family Plantaginaceae. Finally, its taxonomic identity is defined by the genus Plantago.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Lamiales | WCVP |
| Family | Plantaginaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Plantago | WCVP |
Distribution
This plant exhibits a specific geographical distribution across several regions in Northern Europe. It can be found growing in the coastal and inland areas of Denmark. Its presence is also documented throughout the landscapes of Finland. Additionally, the species is located within the Faroe Islands, which are known as Føroyar. Finally, its range extends to the island of Iceland and across Great Britain.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Northern Europe | Denmark | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Finland | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Føroyar | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Great Britain | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Iceland | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Ireland | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Norway | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Sweden | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Austria | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Belgium | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, commonly known as broadleaf plantain, utilizes various anatomical structures for its survival and medicinal properties. The most prominent feature is its large, oval leaves that grow in a basal rosette, where each individual leaf often displays distinct longitudinal veins. From these plants, small capsules eventually produce many tiny seeds, and while a single seed may seem insignificant, they are vital for the species' reproduction. Beneath the soil, the root system provides stability and absorbs essential nutrients to support the plant's growth.| Plant Part | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| leaves | Scandinavian journal of immunology (and other 8 sources) | ★★★★☆ |
| seeds | Electronic physician (and other 4 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| aerial parts | Iranian biomedical journal (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| aerial parts with flowers | Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| essential oils | Archives of microbiology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| extracts | Archives of microbiology (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| leaf | Electrophoresis (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| root | Iranian biomedical journal (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| seed | Turkish journal of pharmaceutical sciences (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Plantago major has 111 reported phytochemicals identified across 19 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include Flavonoids, Aucubin, linoleic acid, CD, Catalpol.
Most Reported Compounds
| Compound | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Flavonoids | Electronic physician (and other 5 sources) | ★★★☆☆ |
| Aucubin | Dr. Duke (and other 4 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| linoleic acid | Dr. Duke (and other 3 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| CD | Biological trace element research (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Catalpol | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| FE | Natural product communications (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Fatty acids | International journal of clinical practice (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Plantamajoside | Electrophoresis (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Terpenoids | International journal of clinical practice (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| allantoin | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Activities
Plantago major has 576 reported activities identified across 19 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antiviral, Analgesic, Antibacterial.
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Antimicrobial | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 4 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Antioxidant | Dr. Duke (and other 4 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Antiviral | Dr. Duke (and other 4 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Analgesic | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antibacterial | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antidiabetic | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antiinflammatory | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antinociceptive | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antipyretic | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antitussive | Dr. Duke (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Plantago major has 52 reported medicinal uses identified across 19 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include cancer, wound healing, wounds, antiviral, wound.
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| cancer | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 3 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| wound healing | Wound management & prevention (and other 3 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| wounds | Electronic physician (and other 3 sources) | ★★☆☆☆ |
| antiviral | Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| wound | Journal of ethnopharmacology (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| wound-healing | Scandinavian journal of immunology (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| AIDS | Phytotherapy research : PTR (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Candida albicans | Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunobiologii (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| E. coli | BMC chemistry (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| HEK-293 cell line | Iranian biomedical journal (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Preparations
| Preparations | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| ethanolic extracts | Iranian biomedical journal (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| extract | Virology journal (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| methanolic extracts | Chemotherapy (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| plant extracts | Archives of microbiology (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| seeds | World journal of gastroenterology (and other 2 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| A hexane extract | Journal of natural products (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| CH(2)Cl(2) extract | Journal of natural products (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Dichloromethane extract (DCM) | Research in pharmaceutical sciences (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Extracts | Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| NADES extracts | Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity (and other 1 sources) | ★☆☆☆☆ |