Pistacia lentiscus

Pistacia lentiscus, commonly known as mastic tree, is an evergreen shrub native to the Mediterranean region. Renowned for its aromatic resin, known as mastic, this plant has been used for centuries in traditional medicine. It possesses powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, supporting digestive health and skin vitality.

  • Scientific name: Pistacia lentiscus
  • Family: Anacardiaceae
  • Native range: Europe

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta within the class Equisetopsida. Following its subclass Magnoliidae, it is categorized under the order Sapindaales and the family Anacardiaceae. Finally, its taxonomic designation concludes with the genus Pistacia.

Rank Classification Source
Kingdom Plantae WCVP
Phylum Streptophyta WCVP
Class Equisetopsida WCVP
Subclass Magnoliidae WCVP
Order Sapindales WCVP
Family Anacardiaceae WCVP
Genus Pistacia WCVP

Common Names

This plant, scientifically known as Pistacia lentiscus, is recognized by various common names depending on the linguistic region. In Simplified Chinese, it is referred to as 乳香黄连木 (zh-hans and zh-cn), as well as 乳香黄连木 in the contexts of zh-hk and zh-sg. In Traditional Chinese, the name is written as 乳香黃連木 (zh-hant).
Language Common Name Source
zh-hans 乳香黄连木 Wikidata
zh-hant 乳香黃連木 Wikidata
zh-hk 乳香黃連木 Wikidata
zh-cn 乳香黄连木 Wikidata
zh-sg 乳香黄连木 Wikidata
zh-tw 乳香黃連木 Wikidata
he אלת המסטיק Wikidata
ko 매스틱나무 Wikidata
de Mastixstrauch Wikidata
sc Chessa Wikidata

Distribution

This plant, known as Pistacia lentiscus, exhibits a specific distribution across several regions of Southwestern Europe. It can be found growing natively in the Baleares islands. Additionally, the species is present in the territories of Corse and France. Its range further extends to the coastal areas of Portugal. Finally, the plant is also well-distributed throughout Sardegna.

Region Area Source
Southwestern Europe Baleares WCVP
Southwestern Europe Corse WCVP
Southwestern Europe France WCVP
Southwestern Europe Portugal WCVP
Southwestern Europe Sardegna WCVP
Southwestern Europe Spain WCVP
Southeastern Europe Albania WCVP
Southeastern Europe Greece WCVP
Southeastern Europe Italy WCVP
Southeastern Europe Kriti WCVP

Plant Parts

This plant, known commonly as mastic, possesses various components that are utilized for their therapeutic properties. The most valued part of the plant is the aromatic resins, which are harvested as a thick, sticky substance known as mastic gum. Beyond these resin exudates, the medicinal profile of the species extends to its evergreen leaves, which are often studied for their antioxidant qualities. Additionally, the woody structures, including the twigs and the main stem, contribute to the plant's overall biological makeup and are sometimes integrated into botanical studies regarding its essential oil content.
Total parts
13
Scientific sources
19
Plant Part Sources Confidence
resin 4 ★★☆☆☆
leaves 4 ★★☆☆☆
twigs 1 ★☆☆☆☆
stem 1 ★☆☆☆☆
resins 1 ★☆☆☆☆
oil 1 ★☆☆☆☆
natural resin 1 ★☆☆☆☆
mastic gum 1 ★☆☆☆☆
mastic 1 ★☆☆☆☆
fruits 1 ★☆☆☆☆

Chemicals

Pistacia lentiscus has 42 reported phytochemicals identified across 55 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, alpha-pinene, germacrene D.

Total chemicals
42
Scientific sources
55

Most Reported Compounds

Compound Sources Confidence
flavonoids 5 ★★★☆☆
tannins 4 ★★☆☆☆
polyphenols 3 ★★☆☆☆
alpha-pinene 2 ★☆☆☆☆
germacrene D 2 ★☆☆☆☆
limonene 2 ★☆☆☆☆
monoterpenes 2 ★☆☆☆☆
Catechin 1 ★☆☆☆☆
D-limonene 1 ★☆☆☆☆
Digallic acid 1 ★☆☆☆☆

Activities

Pistacia lentiscus has 16 reported activities identified across 38 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic, Anticancer.

Total activities
16
Scientific sources
38

Most Reported Activities

Activity Sources Confidence
Antioxidant 14 ★★★★★
Antibacterial 4 ★★☆☆☆
Antimicrobial 4 ★★☆☆☆
Antidiabetic 3 ★★☆☆☆
Anticancer 2 ★☆☆☆☆
Anticholinesterase 1 ★☆☆☆☆
Antigenotoxic 1 ★☆☆☆☆
Antimutagenic 1 ★☆☆☆☆
Antispasmodic 1 ★☆☆☆☆
Cardioprotective 1 ★☆☆☆☆

Medicinal Uses

Pistacia lentiscus has 36 reported medicinal uses identified across 48 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include oxidative stress, inflammation, antioxidant, cancer, duodenal ulcer.

Total uses
36
Scientific sources
48

Most Reported Uses

Use Sources Confidence
oxidative stress 5 ★★★☆☆
inflammation 3 ★★☆☆☆
antioxidant 2 ★☆☆☆☆
cancer 2 ★☆☆☆☆
duodenal ulcer 2 ★☆☆☆☆
infections 2 ★☆☆☆☆
inflammatory bowel disease 2 ★☆☆☆☆
wound healing 2 ★☆☆☆☆
E. coli 1 ★☆☆☆☆
Helicobacter pylori 1 ★☆☆☆☆