Pinus halepensis

Aleppo pine

Pinus halepensis, commonly known as the Aleppo pine, is a resilient evergreen tree native to the Mediterranean region. Renowned for its adaptability to arid climates, it holds significant medicinal value. Its resin, needles, and bark are utilized in traditional remedies to support respiratory health and provide antimicrobial benefits.

  • Scientific name: Pinus halepensis
  • Family: Pinaceae
  • Native range: Europe

Taxonomical Classification

This plant, Pinus halepensis, belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta. Within the class Equisetopsida and subclass Pinidae, it is further organized into the order Pinales and the family Pinaceae. Finally, it is categorized under the genus Pinus.

Rank Classification Source
Kingdom Plantae WCVP
Phylum Streptophyta WCVP
Class Equisetopsida WCVP
Subclass Pinidae WCVP
Order Pinales WCVP
Family Pinaceae WCVP
Genus Pinus WCVP

Common Names

This plant, known scientifically as Pinus halepensis, is recognized by various names across different languages and cultures. In Basque, it is referred to as Alepo pinu, while in Polish, it is called sosna alepska. The Udmurt language uses the name Халебысь пужым, and in Hebrew, it is known as אורן ירושלים. Additionally, in Hungarian, the species is identified as aleppóifenyő.
Language Common Name Source
eu Alepo pinu Wikidata
pl sosna alepska Wikidata
udm Халебысь пужым Wikidata
he אורן ירושלים Wikidata
hu aleppóifenyő Wikidata
de Aleppo-Kiefer Wikidata
ja アレッポマツ Wikidata
el Χαλέπιος πεύκη Wikidata
koi Халебісь пожум Wikidata
ar صنوبر حلبي Wikidata

Distribution

This plant, known as Pinus halepensis, is widely distributed across several regions in Southwestern Europe. Its presence is notably documented within the Balearic Islands, which form part of its Mediterranean range. The species also thrives in the coastal and mountainous landscapes of Corsica. Furthermore, it can be found growing throughout various territories in mainland France. Finally, the plant's geographical reach extends to the island of Sardinia and the coastal areas of Portugal.

Region Area Source
Southwestern Europe Baleares WCVP
Southwestern Europe Corse WCVP
Southwestern Europe France WCVP
Southwestern Europe Portugal WCVP
Southwestern Europe Sardegna WCVP
Southwestern Europe Spain WCVP
Southeastern Europe Albania WCVP
Southeastern Europe Greece WCVP
Southeastern Europe Italy WCVP
Southeastern Europe Sicilia WCVP

Plant Parts

This plant, known as the Monterey pine, utilizes various components for its biological functions and traditional medicinal interests. Its long, needle-like leaves are arranged in bundles, serving as the primary site for photosynthesis and transpiration. The protective bark is thick and deeply furrowed, providing essential defense for the tree's internal vascular system. While botanically distinct from flowering plants, the green cones emerge as immature reproductive structures that eventually mature into woody seed-bearing units. Although the seeds contained within these structures are often studied for their nutritional properties, they are technically the result of the gymnosperm's reproductive cycle rather than true botanical fruits.
Total parts
4
Scientific sources
4
Plant Part Sources Confidence
green cones 1 ★☆☆☆☆
bark 1 ★☆☆☆☆
LEAVES 1 ★☆☆☆☆
FRUITS 1 ★☆☆☆☆

Chemicals

Pinus halepensis has 15 reported phytochemicals identified across 15 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include (E)-caryophyllene, aldehydes, caryophyllene, fatty acids, flavonoids.

Total chemicals
15
Scientific sources
15

Most Reported Compounds

Compound Sources Confidence
(E)-caryophyllene 1 ★☆☆☆☆
aldehydes 1 ★☆☆☆☆
caryophyllene 1 ★☆☆☆☆
fatty acids 1 ★☆☆☆☆
flavonoids 1 ★☆☆☆☆
germacrene D 1 ★☆☆☆☆
ketones 1 ★☆☆☆☆
limonene 1 ★☆☆☆☆
myrcene 1 ★☆☆☆☆
protocatechuic acid 1 ★☆☆☆☆

Activities

Pinus halepensis has 11 reported activities identified across 13 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Anticoagulant, Antidiabetic, Antifungal.

Total activities
11
Scientific sources
13

Most Reported Activities

Activity Sources Confidence
Antibacterial 2 ★☆☆☆☆
Antioxidant 2 ★☆☆☆☆
Anticoagulant 1 ★☆☆☆☆
Antidiabetic 1 ★☆☆☆☆
Antifungal 1 ★☆☆☆☆
Antimicrobial 1 ★☆☆☆☆
Antiparasitic 1 ★☆☆☆☆
Antiseptic 1 ★☆☆☆☆
Astringent 1 ★☆☆☆☆
Cytotoxic 1 ★☆☆☆☆

Medicinal Uses

Pinus halepensis has 13 reported medicinal uses identified across 13 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include Parkinson's disease, antiseptic, astringent, breast cancer, cough.

Total uses
13
Scientific sources
13

Most Reported Uses

Use Sources Confidence
Parkinson's disease 1 ★☆☆☆☆
antiseptic 1 ★☆☆☆☆
astringent 1 ★☆☆☆☆
breast cancer 1 ★☆☆☆☆
cough 1 ★☆☆☆☆
diabetes mellitus 1 ★☆☆☆☆
diarrhea 1 ★☆☆☆☆
hemorrhoids 1 ★☆☆☆☆
hypertension 1 ★☆☆☆☆
neurodegenerative disorders 1 ★☆☆☆☆