10 Possible Side Effects Of Phytolacca Americana (Pokeweed)

Phytolacca americana has some side effects when used improperly, such as gastrointestinal upset, dizziness, and nausea.

These side effects are caused by the herb's high concentration of glycosides, which can be toxic in large doses.

For example, a person may experience severe abdominal cramps, leading to missed workdays and disrupted social activities, while another may develop a severe headache, affecting daily routines and overall quality of life.

This article explains in details the 10 most common side effects of Phytolacca americana if used imporperly.

1. Decreases white blood cells

Phytolacca americana causes skin rashes in some individuals due to its saponin content.

The glycosides present in the plant can irritate the skin, leading to an allergic reaction that may manifest as redness, itching, and blistering.

This adverse effect is thought to be exacerbated by the high concentration of anthraquinones, which are known for their ability to stimulate the immune system and increase skin permeability.

2. Decreases white blood cells

Phytolacca americana triggers allergic reactions in some individuals.

The plant contains a variety of compounds, including saponins and glycosides, which can stimulate an immune response and cause the release of histamine, leading to symptoms such as hives, itching, and swelling.

Additionally, pokeweed's high levels of phenolic acids may also contribute to its allergenic properties, potentially causing respiratory issues or gastrointestinal distress in those who are sensitive to it.

3. Decreases white blood cells

Phytolacca americana induces nausea and vomiting due to its high concentration of phytotoxins, such as alkaloids and glycosides.

These compounds can cause gastrointestinal irritation, leading to symptoms like queasiness, vomiting, and stomach pain when taken in large quantities or without proper preparation.

The toxic properties of pokeweed have been known for centuries, with early Native American use requiring careful processing to minimize adverse effects.

4. Decreases white blood cells

Phytolacca americana stimulates heart palpitations due to its ability to interact with the cardiovascular system.

The plant's cardioactive glycosides and alkaloids can affect the normal functioning of the heart, leading to irregular heartbeats and palpitations. Additionally, Phytolacca americana contains anthraquinone glycosides that can stimulate the heart's natural pacemaker, resulting in an increased heart rate and palpitations.

These effects may be more pronounced in individuals who are already experiencing cardiovascular conditions or taking medications that affect heart function.

5. Decreases white blood cells

Phytolacca americana increases blood pressure due to its stimulating effect on the heart and cardiovascular system.

The plant's active compounds, including alkaloids and glycosides, can cause an increase in cardiac output and peripheral resistance, leading to a rise in blood pressure. This is thought to be mediated by the stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors, which enhance sympathetic tone and vasoconstriction.

As a result, individuals using Phytolacca americana may experience increased blood pressure levels.

6. Decreases white blood cells

Phytolacca americana affects kidney function.

The plant's active compounds, including phytolaccagenic acid and saponins, may disrupt the normal functioning of the kidneys by altering blood flow or damaging renal tubular cells.

As a result, individuals using Phytolacca americana may experience changes in urine output, increased blood pressure, and potentially even kidney damage over time.

7. Decreases white blood cells

Phytolacca americana damages liver tissue.

The compound phytolaccagenin in this plant is believed to be responsible for the hepatotoxicity it exhibits, causing inflammation and damage to liver cells.

Additionally, the high levels of anthraquinones present in Phytolacca americana may contribute to its potential to harm liver tissue, leading to cell death and scarring.

8. Decreases white blood cells

Phytolacca americana interacts with medications, causing a range of side effects.

When combined with certain drugs, pokeweed can lead to decreased blood sugar levels, increased risk of bleeding, and changes in the way the body metabolizes certain substances.

This is because pokeweed contains compounds that affect platelet function, blood pressure, and glucose metabolism, potentially altering the efficacy or safety of co-administered medications.

9. Decreases white blood cells

Phytolacca americana disrupts digestive system due to its high concentration of alkaloids and glycosides.

These compounds can cause stomach upset, nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting in some individuals. The saponins present in Phytolacca americana may also lead to an increase in gut motility, further exacerbating digestive issues.

Additionally, the herb's anthraquinone content can stimulate bowel movements, potentially causing loose stools or abdominal cramps.

10. Decreases white blood cells

Phytolacca americana produces headaches and migraines.

This side effect is attributed to the plant's high concentration of saponins, glycosides, and alkaloids, which can affect the nervous system and cause blood vessels to constrict, leading to migraine symptoms.

Additionally, the plant's ability to stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system may also contribute to headache development, as this can cause increased sensitivity to light and sound.