Phlomoides umbrosa

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Synonyms

• Phlomis umbrosa var. stenocalyx
• Phlomoides umbrosa var. australis
• Phlomis umbrosa
• Phlomis umbrosa var. australis
• Phlomis umbrosa var. latibracteata
• Phlomis umbrosa var. ovalifolia
• Phlomis umbrosa var. subaustralis
• Phlomis umbrosa var. sylvatica
• Phlomis umbrosa f. villosa
• Phlomis stenocalyx
• Phlomis umbrosa f. albiflora
• Phlomis umbrosa var. emarginata
• Phlomoides umbrosa var. ovalifolia
• Phlomoides umbrosa var. latibracteata
• Phlomoides umbrosa var. stenocalyx

Sources: Wikidata, Catalogue of Life

Taxonomical Classification

This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta and class Equisetopsida. Within the subclass Magnoliidae, it is organized under the order Lamiales and the family Lamiaceae. Finally, it is placed within the genus Phlomoides.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Distribution

This plant exhibits a diverse range of habitats across several distinct regions of China. Its presence can be documented within the territories of China South-Central and China Southeast. Additionally, the species is found extending into the northern landscapes of Inner Mongolia and Manchuria. The distribution further encompasses the expansive areas of China North-Central. Together, these locations highlight a broad geographical spread throughout the country.

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Botanical Identification

Life history

The life history of Phlomoides umbrosa is characterized by its classification as a hemicryptophyte, a life form where the perennating buds are located at or just below the soil surface, protected by accumulated litter or the substrate. This biological strategy allows the plant to endure seasonal environmental fluctuations by sheltering its vital regenerative structures during unfavorable periods. Within the broader spectrum of vegetative growth patterns, its life history is specifically defined by this hemicryptophytic nature, distinguishing it from other life forms such as phanerophytes, chamaephytes, cryptophytes, or therophytes. By maintaining its dormant buds at the soil level, Phlomoides umbrosa ensures its ability to re-emerge and complete its reproductive cycle once favorable growing conditions return.

Life form :

hemicryptophyte

Morphology

The morphology of Phlomoides umbrosa is characterized by its growth habit as a self-supporting climber, meaning it possesses the structural integrity to ascend without being strictly dependent on external hosts for verticality. It is an independent organism that does not function as a parasite, maintaining its own metabolic processes without drawing nutrients from other living plants. Furthermore, it is a terrestrial species, rooting in the soil rather than living as an epiphyte on other vegetation. In terms of its structural composition, the plant is non-woody, exhibiting herbaceous characteristics rather than developing significant lignified tissues.

Climber :

self-supporting

Epiphyte :

terrestrial

Parasite :

independent

Woodiness :

non-woody

Physiology

The physiology of Phlomoides umbrosa is characterized by its reliance on the C3 photosynthetic pathway, a mechanism wherein carbon dioxide is fixed directly into a three-carbon compound through the enzyme RuBisCO during the Calvin cycle. This metabolic strategy indicates that the plant typically operates in environments where water loss via transpiration can be managed through controlled stomatal conductance, as it lacks the specialized carbon-concentrating mechanisms found in C4 or CAM species. The energy conversion process within its leaf tissues involves the absorption of light energy to drive the light-dependent reactions, producing ATP and NADPH, which subsequently fuel the enzymatic fixation of inorganic carbon. This C3 efficiency is closely tied to the plant's resource allocation, influencing its growth rates, water-use efficiency, and overall metabolic response to varying light intensities and ambient temperatures within its specific ecological niche.

Photosynthetic pathway :

C3

Sources: Global Inventory of Floras and Traits (GIFT)

Plant Parts

Phlomoides umbrosa has 2 reported plant parts identified across 4 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include root, rhizome.

Root

1. Die Pharmazie
2. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica
3. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

Rhizome

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica

Chemicals

Phlomoides umbrosa has 13 reported phytochemicals identified across 4 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include 7-Epiphlomiol, 8-acetyl-shanzhiside methyl ester, 9,12,15-Octadecatrien-1-ol, Alyssonoside, Decaffeoylverbascoside.

7-Epiphlomiol

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica

8-acetyl-shanzhiside methyl ester

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica

9,12,15-Octadecatrien-1-ol

1. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis

Alyssonoside

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica

Decaffeoylverbascoside

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica

Hexadecanoic acid

1. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis

Iridoid

1. Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

Sesamoside

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica

Shanzhiside methyl ester

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica

Triterpenoid

1. Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

Preparations

Phlomoides umbrosa has 7 reported preparations identified across 4 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include HT042, Phlomis umbrosa roots, ethylacetate-fraction, extracts, plant extracts.

Ht042

1. International journal of molecular sciences

Phlomis umbrosa roots

1. Die Pharmazie

Ethylacetate-fraction

1. Archives of pharmacal research

Extracts

1. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

Plant extracts

1. Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

Rhizome

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica

Roots

1. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica