Perilla frutescens
Deulkkae
Perilla frutescens, commonly known as Shiso or Perilla, is a versatile aromatic herb belonging to the Lamiaceae family. Widely utilized in East Asian cuisine and traditional medicine, this plant offers potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It serves as a vital botanical resource for managing respiratory ailments and digestive health.
- Scientific name: Perilla frutescens
- Family: Lamiaceae
- Native range: Europe
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and is classified under the phylum Streptophyta and class Equisetopsida. Within the subclass Magnoliidae, it is situated in the order Lamiales and the family Lamiaceae. Finally, it is categorized under the genus Perilla.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Lamiales | WCVP |
| Family | Lamiaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Perilla | WCVP |
Common Names
This plant, known scientifically as Perilla frutescens, is recognized by various common names across different cultures and languages. In Simplified Chinese (zh-hans), it is called 紫苏, while in Traditional Chinese (zh-hant), it is referred to as 紫蘇. In Poland, the plant is known as pachnotka bazyliowata (pl), and in Nepal, it is called सिलाम (ne). Additionally, in Korea, it is commonly known as 들깨 (ko).| Language | Common Name | Source |
|---|---|---|
| zh-hans | 紫苏 | Wikidata |
| zh-hant | 紫蘇 | Wikidata |
| pl | pachnotka bazyliowata | Wikidata |
| ne | सिलाम | Wikidata |
| ko | 들깨 | Wikidata |
| fa | شیسو | Wikidata |
| fi | veripeippi | Wikidata |
| az | Kolşəkilli perilla | Wikidata |
| eo | duonligna periljo | Wikidata |
| ja | エゴマ | Wikidata |
Distribution
This plant exhibits a diverse presence across several distinct regions of the European continent. In Middle Europe, its distribution can be observed within the borders of Germany. Moving toward Southeastern Europe, the species is found in both Italy and Romania. Its range also extends into Eastern Europe, specifically covering parts of South European Russia. Finally, the plant is well-documented as growing within the territory of Ukraine.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Middle Europe | Germany | WCVP |
| Southeastern Europe | Italy | WCVP |
| Southeastern Europe | Romania | WCVP |
| Eastern Europe | South European Russia | WCVP |
| Eastern Europe | Ukraine | WCVP |
| Russian Far East | Khabarovsk | WCVP |
| Russian Far East | Primorye | WCVP |
| Caucasus | Transcaucasus | WCVP |
| China | China South-Central | WCVP |
| China | Inner Mongolia | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, known scientifically as Perilla frutescens, utilizes various anatomical structures for its medicinal and biological functions. The aromatic leaves are the most frequently harvested part, often used in traditional remedies for their antioxidant properties, while a single individual leaf can serve as a concentrated source of essential oils. The plant also produces small, nutrient-dense seeds that are often utilized in culinary and therapeutic applications. Structurally, the upright stems provide the necessary support for the foliage, and the underground roots help anchor the plant while absorbing vital nutrients from the soil.- Total parts
- 18
- Scientific sources
- 34
| Plant Part | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| leaves | 10 | ★★★★★ |
| seeds | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| stems | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| roots | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| leaf | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| volatile oils | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| shoots | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| perilla leaf | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| nutlets (single-seeded fruits) | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| mature leaves | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Perilla frutescens has 117 reported phytochemicals identified across 185 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include rosmarinic acid, perillaldehyde, flavonoids, luteolin, apigenin.
- Total chemicals
- 117
- Scientific sources
- 185
Most Reported Compounds
| Compound | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| rosmarinic acid | 17 | ★★★★★ |
| perillaldehyde | 9 | ★★★★☆ |
| flavonoids | 8 | ★★★★☆ |
| luteolin | 6 | ★★★☆☆ |
| apigenin | 5 | ★★★☆☆ |
| caffeic acid | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| anthocyanin | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| anthocyanins | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| fatty acids | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| carotenoid | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Activities
Perilla frutescens has 13 reported activities identified across 33 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Anticancer, Antimicrobial, Sedative, Antibacterial.
- Total activities
- 13
- Scientific sources
- 33
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Antioxidant | 8 | ★★★★☆ |
| Anticancer | 5 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Antimicrobial | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Sedative | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Antibacterial | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antidepressant | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antitumor | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Hypolipidemic | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Analgesic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antifibrotic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Perilla frutescens has 34 reported medicinal uses identified across 43 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include anti-allergic, asthma, inflammation, anti-oxidant, depression.
- Total uses
- 34
- Scientific sources
- 43
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| anti-allergic | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| asthma | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| inflammation | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| anti-oxidant | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| depression | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| reactive oxygen species | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| COPD | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Candida albicans | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Ebola virus | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |