Pelargonium graveolens
Pelargonium graveolens, commonly known as geranium, is a cherished medicinal plant prized for its aromatic foliage. Renowned for its therapeutic properties, it is frequently used in aromatherapy to reduce anxiety and soothe skin irritations. This versatile herb offers powerful antioxidant benefits, making it a staple in holistic wellness practices.
- Scientific name: Pelargonium graveolens
- Family: Geraniaceae
- Native range: Europe
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae and the phylum Streptophyta, falling under the class Equisetopsida and subclass Magnoliidae. Within the order Geraniales and the family Geraniaceae, it is classified under the genus Pelargonium.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Geraniales | WCVP |
| Family | Geraniaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Pelargonium | WCVP |
Common Names
This plant, scientifically known as Pelargonium graveolens, is widely recognized for its aromatic properties and is referred to by various names across different Chinese linguistic contexts. In Simplified Chinese, it is known as 香叶天竺葵 (zh-hans) and is also used in mainland China as 香叶天竺葵 (zh-cn) and in Singapore as 香叶天竺葵 (zh-sg). In Traditional Chinese, the name is written as 香葉天竺葵 (zh-hant), which is the standard form used in Hong Kong as 香葉天竺葵 (zh-hk).| Language | Common Name | Source |
|---|---|---|
| zh-hans | 香叶天竺葵 | Wikidata |
| zh-hant | 香葉天竺葵 | Wikidata |
| zh-hk | 香葉天竺葵 | Wikidata |
| zh-cn | 香叶天竺葵 | Wikidata |
| zh-sg | 香叶天竺葵 | Wikidata |
| zh-tw | 香葉天竺葵 | Wikidata |
| pl | Pelargonia pachnąca | Wikidata |
| el | Πελαργόνιο το βαρύοσμο | Wikidata |
| bg | дъхаво мушкато | Wikidata |
| he | פלרגוניום חריף | Wikidata |
Distribution
This plant exhibits a diverse geographical range that spans across several distinct regions. In Southwestern Europe, its presence can be noted in the area of Corse. Moving toward Southeastern Europe, it is also found within Sicilia. The species extends into the Macaronesia region, specifically inhabiting the Canary Is. Furthermore, its distribution reaches into South Tropical Africa in Zimbabwe and extends to the Cape Provinces of Southern Africa.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Southwestern Europe | Corse | WCVP |
| Southeastern Europe | Sicilia | WCVP |
| Macaronesia | Canary Is. | WCVP |
| South Tropical Africa | Zimbabwe | WCVP |
| Southern Africa | Cape Provinces | WCVP |
| Southern Africa | Northern Provinces | WCVP |
| Mexico | Mexico Southwest | WCVP |
| Central America | Costa Rica | WCVP |
| Caribbean | Cuba | WCVP |
| Caribbean | Dominican Republic | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, commonly known as geranium, is highly valued in aromatherapy and traditional medicine for its aromatic components. The most significant part used for therapeutic purposes is the essential oil, which is meticulously extracted from the aromatic leaves and stems. Within the specialized leaf tissues, various chemical compounds are synthesized, which are then concentrated to produce high-quality essential oils used in perfumes and healing salves.- Total parts
- 10
- Scientific sources
- 19
| Plant Part | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| essential oil | 5 | ★★★☆☆ |
| essential oils | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| leaves | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| stems | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| leaf tissues | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| leaf extract | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| buds | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| aerial parts | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Essential oil | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Essential Oils | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Pelargonium graveolens has 69 reported phytochemicals identified across 97 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include citronellol, geraniol, linalool, Cd, Geraniol.
- Total chemicals
- 69
- Scientific sources
- 97
Most Reported Compounds
| Compound | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| citronellol | 11 | ★★★★★ |
| geraniol | 10 | ★★★★★ |
| linalool | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Cd | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Geraniol | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| citronellyl formate | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| iso-menthone | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| oil | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| proline | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| 2-octen-1-ol | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Activities
Pelargonium graveolens has 10 reported activities identified across 22 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic.
- Total activities
- 10
- Scientific sources
- 22
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Antioxidant | 5 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Antibacterial | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Antifungal | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Antimicrobial | 3 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Cytotoxic | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Anticancer | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antidiabetic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antiinflammatory | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antiproliferative | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antiviral | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Pelargonium graveolens has 23 reported medicinal uses identified across 25 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include inflammation, wound healing, E. coli, Escherichia coli, Gram-negative bacteria.
- Total uses
- 23
- Scientific sources
- 25
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| inflammation | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| wound healing | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| E. coli | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Escherichia coli | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Gram-negative bacteria | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Gram-positive bacteria | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Mycobacterium fortuitum | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Mycobacterium kansasii | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |