Paris
Paris, commonly known as Good King Henry, is a distinctive perennial herb prized for its unique botanical beauty and medicinal history. Characterized by its single, star-like flower, this plant has long been studied for its bioactive compounds, offering intriguing potential in traditional herbal practices and modern pharmacological research.
- Scientific name: Paris
- Family: Melanthiaceae
- Native range: Europe
Taxonomical Classification
This plant belongs to the kingdom Plantae within the phylum Streptophyta and the class Equisetopsida. It is further classified under the subclass Magnoliidae and the order Liliales. Finally, it is a member of the family Melanthiaceae and falls under the genus Paris.
| Rank | Classification | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae | WCVP |
| Phylum | Streptophyta | WCVP |
| Class | Equisetopsida | WCVP |
| Subclass | Magnoliidae | WCVP |
| Order | Liliales | WCVP |
| Family | Melanthiaceae | WCVP |
| Genus | Paris | WCVP |
Common Names
This plant, belonging to the genus Paris, is known by various common names across different linguistic contexts. In Simplified Chinese, it is referred to as 重楼属 (zh-hans) or 重楼属 (zh-cn), and specifically as 重楼 (zh-sg). In Traditional Chinese, it is called 重樓 (zh-hant), while in the Hong Kong dialect, it is known as 重樓 (zh-hk).| Language | Common Name | Source |
|---|---|---|
| zh-hans | 重楼属 | Wikidata |
| zh-hant | 重樓 | Wikidata |
| zh-hk | 重樓 | Wikidata |
| zh-cn | 重楼属 | Wikidata |
| zh-sg | 重楼 | Wikidata |
| zh-tw | 重樓屬 | Wikidata |
| pl | Czworolist | Wikidata |
| ru | Вороний глаз | Wikidata |
| myv | Варакань сельме | Wikidata |
| de | Einbeeren | Wikidata |
Distribution
This plant exhibits a specific geographical distribution concentrated across several regions in Northern Europe. Its presence can be documented throughout the coastal and inland areas of Denmark. Additionally, it is found within the northern landscapes of Finland and Norway. The species also extends its reach to the islands of Great Britain and Iceland. Together, these locations define the primary northern habitats where this medicinal plant thrives.
| Region | Area | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Northern Europe | Denmark | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Finland | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Great Britain | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Iceland | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Norway | WCVP |
| Northern Europe | Sweden | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Austria | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Belgium | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Czechia-Slovakia | WCVP |
| Middle Europe | Germany | WCVP |
Plant Parts
This plant, commonly known as Paris, is a perennial herb characterized by a distinct morphological structure. The medicinal properties are primarily concentrated in its underground organs, specifically within the thick, fleshy rhizomes and the fibrous roots that anchor it to the soil. Above the surface, the plant features broad, dark green leaves that grow in a characteristic whorl. These above-ground parts support the plant's photosynthetic processes, eventually giving rise to a single, solitary flower that emerges from the center of the foliage.- Total parts
- 5
- Scientific sources
- 6
| Plant Part | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| rhizomes | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| roots | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| organs | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| leaves | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| above-ground parts | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Chemicals
Paris has 14 reported phytochemicals identified across 15 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported chemicals include flavonoids, cyclic peptides, dioscin, gracillin, phenols.
- Total chemicals
- 14
- Scientific sources
- 15
Most Reported Compounds
| Compound | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| flavonoids | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| cyclic peptides | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| dioscin | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| gracillin | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| phenols | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| phytosterols | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| polyphylliin Ⅶ | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| polyphyllin I | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| polyphyllin II | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| polyphyllin VI | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Activities
Paris has 11 reported activities identified across 20 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Antitumor, Hemostatic, Anticancer, Antimicrobial, Analgesic.
- Total activities
- 11
- Scientific sources
- 20
Most Reported Activities
| Activity | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| Antitumor | 5 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Hemostatic | 4 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Anticancer | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antimicrobial | 2 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Analgesic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Anthelmintic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antibacterial | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antifungal | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Antineoplastic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Cytotoxic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Medicinal Uses
Paris has 9 reported medicinal uses identified across 9 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported uses include analgesic, antineoplastic, bleeding, cancer, gastritis.
- Total uses
- 9
- Scientific sources
- 9
Most Reported Uses
| Use | Sources | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| analgesic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| antineoplastic | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| bleeding | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| cancer | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| gastritis | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| joint pain | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| lung cancer | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| rheumatoid arthritis | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| sedative | 1 | ★☆☆☆☆ |