Panax

Panax · Accepted scientific name

Scientific literature: Very Extensive (275 studies) · ★★★★★

scientifically known as Panax, is a diverse genus of perennial herbs revered for centuries in traditional medicine. Most famous for ginseng, these plants contain potent bioactive compounds called ginsenosides. Renowned for their adaptogenic properties, they are widely utilized to boost immunity, reduce stress, and enhance overall cognitive function.

Family
Not available
Native range
Asia-Temperate
Parts used
Root · Leaf
Common names
Not available
Scientific synonyms
Not available

Names and Synonyms

Scientific Names

Accepted name

Panax

Distribution

This plant exhibits a wide natural range across several key regions in East Asia. In the Russian Far East, it can be found growing within the Khabarovsk and Primorye territories. Its distribution extends significantly into China, where it inhabits the Manchuria region. Furthermore, the species is widespread throughout China's North-Central and South-Central areas. Collectively, these locations define the specific geographical footprint of the Panax genus.

Region Area
Russian Far East Khabarovsk
Russian Far East Primorye
China China South-Central
China Manchuria
China China North-Central
China China Southeast
China Tibet
Eastern Asia Japan
Eastern Asia Korea
Indian Subcontinent Assam

Sources: The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP)

Plant Parts

Panax has 7 reported plant parts identified across 123 scientific publications and several other databases that are studied for medicinal purposes. The most consistently reported plant part include root, leaf, stem, fruit, rhizome.

Plant parts reported in Panax
Plant part Supporting sources Consensus
Root 76 supporting sources ★★★★★
Leaf 17 supporting sources ★★★★★
Stem 13 supporting sources ★★★★★
Fruit 5 supporting sources ★★★☆☆
Rhizome 5 supporting sources ★★★☆☆
Flower 4 supporting sources ★★☆☆☆
Seed 3 supporting sources ★★☆☆☆

Root

  1. Zhongguo yao li xue bao = Acta pharmacologica Sinica
  2. Journal of ethnopharmacology
  3. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica
  4. Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
  5. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
View 71 additional sources
  1. Journal of the neurological sciences
  2. Applied microbiology and biotechnology
  3. Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia
  4. Antibiotiki i khimioterapiia = Antibiotics and chemoterapy [sic]
  5. Ultrasonics sonochemistry
  6. Journal of experimental botany
  7. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
  8. International journal of molecular sciences
  9. Journal of AOAC International
  10. Journal of ginseng research
  11. Phytochemistry
  12. Microscopy research and technique
  13. Drugs under experimental and clinical research
  14. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
  15. Nutritional neuroscience
  16. Biomolecules
  17. Mutagenesis
  18. Cells
  19. Journal of natural products
  20. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
  21. Acta neuropathologica
  22. The American journal of Chinese medicine
  23. Sheng wu gong cheng xue bao = Chinese journal of biotechnology
  24. Molecular biology reports
  25. Life sciences
  26. The Analyst
  27. Frontiers in plant science
  28. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
  29. Chemico-biological interactions
  30. Environmental monitoring and assessment
  31. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
  32. Brain research
  33. BMC genomics
  34. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin
  35. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
  36. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
  37. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
  38. MethodsX
  39. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
  40. Scientific reports
  41. Aging
  42. Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
  43. Journal of chromatography. A
  44. Patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimental'naia terapiia
  45. Journal of Asian natural products research
  46. BMC plant biology
  47. Atherosclerosis
  48. Plant cell reports
  49. Indian journal of urology : IJU : journal of the Urological Society of India
  50. International journal of biological macromolecules
  51. Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology
  52. Frontiers in chemistry
  53. Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB
  54. Physiologia plantarum
  55. Journal of separation science
  56. Acta physiologica et pharmacologica Bulgarica
  57. PloS one
  58. Journal of cellular biochemistry
  59. Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke
  60. Electrophoresis
  61. Surgery
  62. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
  63. Protoplasma
  64. Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment
  65. European journal of clinical pharmacology
  66. Journal of food protection
  67. Voprosy pitaniia
  68. Izvestiia Akademii nauk. Seriia biologicheskaia
  69. Biosensors
  70. Biochemical pharmacology
  71. Plant & cell physiology

Leaf

  1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
  2. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica
  3. Zhongguo yao li xue bao = Acta pharmacologica Sinica
  4. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
  5. Journal of ginseng research
View 12 additional sources
  1. Frontiers in plant science
  2. BMC genomics
  3. Fish physiology and biochemistry
  4. Scientific reports
  5. Aging
  6. The American journal of Chinese medicine
  7. Analytical methods : advancing methods and applications
  8. Journal of Asian natural products research
  9. Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
  10. Plant cell reports
  11. International journal of molecular sciences
  12. Acta physiologica et pharmacologica Bulgarica

Stem

  1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
  2. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica
  3. Zhongguo yao li xue bao = Acta pharmacologica Sinica
  4. Cells
  5. Fish physiology and biochemistry
View 8 additional sources
  1. Scientific reports
  2. Aging
  3. The American journal of Chinese medicine
  4. Journal of Asian natural products research
  5. Journal of separation science
  6. International journal of molecular sciences
  7. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
  8. Acta physiologica et pharmacologica Bulgarica

Fruit

  1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
  2. Frontiers in plant science
  3. The American journal of Chinese medicine
  4. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
  5. Protoplasma

Rhizome

  1. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
  2. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
  3. Aging
  4. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica
  5. International journal of biological macromolecules

Flower

  1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
  2. The American journal of Chinese medicine
  3. Journal of separation science
  4. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Seed

  1. The American journal of Chinese medicine
  2. Frontiers in plant science
  3. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Activities

Panax has 3 reported activities identified across 123 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported activities include Anticarcinogenic, Antimutagenic, Antioxidant.

Activities reported in Panax
Activity Supporting sources Consensus
Anticarcinogenic 1 supporting sources ★☆☆☆☆
Antimutagenic 1 supporting sources ★☆☆☆☆
Antioxidant 1 supporting sources ★☆☆☆☆

Anticarcinogenic

  1. Journal of Korean medical science

Antimutagenic

  1. Journal of Korean medical science

Antioxidant

  1. Current cardiology reviews

Conditions

Panax has 24 reported investigations on conditions identified across 123 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported conditions include cancer, Alzheimer's disease, fatigue, alopecia, antiviral.

Conditions investigated for Panax
Condition Supporting sources Consensus
Cancer 5 supporting sources ★★★☆☆
Alzheimer's disease 3 supporting sources ★★☆☆☆
Fatigue 2 supporting sources ★☆☆☆☆
Alopecia 1 supporting sources ★☆☆☆☆
Antiviral 1 supporting sources ★☆☆☆☆
Apoptosis 1 supporting sources ★☆☆☆☆
Bacterial infections 1 supporting sources ★☆☆☆☆
Breast cancer 1 supporting sources ★☆☆☆☆
Cancers 1 supporting sources ★☆☆☆☆
Cardiovascular diseases 1 supporting sources ★☆☆☆☆

Cancer

  1. Journal of B.U.ON. : official journal of the Balkan Union of Oncology
  2. Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology
  3. Journal of ginseng research
  4. Current issues in molecular biology
  5. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

Alzheimer's disease

  1. Scientific reports
  2. PeerJ
  3. Journal of B.U.ON. : official journal of the Balkan Union of Oncology

Fatigue

  1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
  2. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

Alopecia

  1. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

Antiviral

  1. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry

Apoptosis

  1. Current issues in molecular biology

Bacterial infections

  1. Nutrients

Breast cancer

  1. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

Cancers

  1. Oncotarget

Cardiovascular diseases

  1. Current drug metabolism

Preparations

Panax has 228 reported preparations identified across 123 scientific publications and several other databases. The most consistently reported preparations include ginseng extract, ginseng extracts, extract, Ginseng extract, red ginseng.

Preparations reported for Panax
Preparation Supporting sources Consensus
Ginseng extract 18 supporting sources ★★★★★
Ginseng extracts 8 supporting sources ★★★★☆
Extract 6 supporting sources ★★★☆☆
Ginseng extract 5 supporting sources ★★★☆☆
Red ginseng 5 supporting sources ★★★☆☆
Extracts 4 supporting sources ★★☆☆☆
Aqueous extract 3 supporting sources ★★☆☆☆
Crude ginseng extract 3 supporting sources ★★☆☆☆
Ginseng 3 supporting sources ★★☆☆☆
Ginseng polysaccharides 3 supporting sources ★★☆☆☆

Ginseng extract

  1. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior
  2. Biochemical pharmacology
  3. Clinical therapeutics
  4. Planta medica
  5. Journal of natural products
View 13 additional sources
  1. Chinese journal of natural medicines
  2. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology
  3. International journal of sport nutrition
  4. Journal of medicinal food
  5. Journal of ethnopharmacology
  6. The Japanese journal of surgery
  7. PloS one
  8. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
  9. General pharmacology
  10. Food technology and biotechnology
  11. Journal of biochemistry
  12. Biochemical and biophysical research communications
  13. Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)

Ginseng extracts

  1. The Journal of toxicological sciences
  2. The American journal of Chinese medicine
  3. Cardiovascular journal of Africa
  4. Frontiers in pharmacology
  5. Journal of ginseng research
View 3 additional sources
  1. PloS one
  2. APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica
  3. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica

Extract

  1. Free radical biology & medicine
  2. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin
  3. Journal of ethnopharmacology
  4. Pharmacological research
  5. Nihon Jinzo Gakkai shi
View 1 additional sources
  1. Planta medica

Ginseng extract

  1. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin
  2. Cancer biotherapy & radiopharmaceuticals
  3. Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale
  4. Acta physiologica et pharmacologica Bulgarica
  5. International journal of epidemiology

Red ginseng

  1. Environmental science and pollution research international
  2. Mutation research
  3. Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation
  4. International journal of impotence research
  5. Ui sahak

Extracts

  1. Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia
  2. Planta medica
  3. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
  4. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine

Aqueous extract

  1. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
  2. Canadian journal of comparative medicine : Revue canadienne de medecine comparee
  3. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

Crude ginseng extract

  1. Journal of natural products
  2. Neuroreport
  3. Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

Ginseng

  1. The Annals of pharmacotherapy
  2. Menopause (New York, N.Y.)
  3. Veterinary research

Ginseng polysaccharides

  1. Journal of ethnopharmacology
  2. Pharmacological research
  3. International journal of biological macromolecules